Abstract:
:Polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis has become the standard for viral pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. Expansion of respiratory viral panels (RVPs) outside of influenza and, possibly, respiratory syncytial virus has led to the ability to diagnose viral infections for which no approved specific antiviral treatment exists. Careful clinical evaluation of the patient with a positive RVP is, therefore, critical given the limited repertoire of treatments. Generic treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin, ribavirin, and interferons may benefit select severe viral pneumonia patients, whereas cidofovir has activity for severe adenoviral pneumonia.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Wunderink RGdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-01 00:00:00pages
37-43issue
1eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272-5231(16)30124-1journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Anticholinergic agents are useful bronchodilators, the use of which should not be overlooked in patients with airways diseases. In patients with stable asthma, they are not first-line therapy but may be valuable as adjunctive therapy. In status asthmaticus they add to the bronchodilatation achieved by adrenergic thera...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a biopsy may need to be performed in complicated patients, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is an important adjunct to the diagnosis of pulmonary and disseminated fungal infections. Culture is the gold standard for diagnosis in many instances, but cytologic and morphologic analysis is often diagnostic. Although n...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2009.02.010
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since last reviewed in this forum, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding of the acute inflammatory process and how it contributes to the development of ALI. As stated in the beginning of this article, it is not possible to even begin to review all the specific advances that have been made. Instead, ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70159-3
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent progress in medical therapies has diminished the role of transplantation in the management of PPH during the past decade. Drug therapy is not effective in some patients, responses to therapy are not sustained over time in others, and drug side effects eventually limit the benefits of treatment in a few more. Lu...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70293-8
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood gas analyses are an essential part of modern patient care. Although all blood gas instruments have pH, PCO2, and PO2 electrodes based on the same principles, instruments in current use vary greatly in design, operator dependence, and accuracy. For the clinician to obtain accurate and timely results there must be...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenesis of O2 toxicity involves intracellular production of partially reduced O2 metabolites, which increases with O2 partial pressure. Cytotoxic O2 metabolites impair enzyme function and inhibit DNA, protein, and surfactant lipid biosynthesis. Compounds used clinically that increase O2 metabolism or that are...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and it accounts for more deaths than breast, colon, and prostate cancer combined in the United States. From a historical perspective, the premise behind early lung cancer detection strategy is that early detection of lung cancer is justified if early...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2009.09.001
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modern history of cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of continuous improvement. Guidelines and evidence-based medicine provide a general roadmap for directing improvement efforts. Data and measurement are central to quality improvement (QI), a way of keeping score and staying on track. This article describes the history ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2007.02.013
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early detection and surgical resection are essential for the treatment of lung cancer. It would be ideal to be able to detect and treat preinvasive bronchial lesions, defined as dysplasia and carcinoma in situ before progressing to invasive cancer. Advanced airway-assessment techniques have opened an avenue for early ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2013.04.005
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our ability to define appropriate molecular targets for preclinical development and develop better methods needs to be improved, to determine the clinical value of novel acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) agents. Clinical trials must have realistic sample sizes and meaningful end points and use the available o...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.009
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individualized management of asthma requires consideration of single or combined pharmacologic alternatives. This article reviews experimental and clinical data on the efficacy, safety, mode of action, and therapeutic indications for cromolyn and related inhalational compounds; ketotifen; alpha-adrenergic blockers; ca...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is the most important cause of early morbidity and mortality following lung transplantation. PGD affects up to 25% of all lung transplant procedures and currently has no proven preventive therapy. Lung transplant recipients who recover from PGD may have impaired long-term function and a...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2011.02.007
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The features of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease in exercise testing are described. In general, ventilatory limitation is the most common factor in lung disease. An early anaerobic threshold and a decreased VO2 mix in the absence of ventilatory limitation is the usual feature of severe heart disease. ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the performance of more endoscopic procedures and newly developed diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, a wealth of information around the actual procedure is created. To date, accepted guidelines for standardized documentation are lacking. The authors present recommendations for minimal guidelines that may help...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70051-4
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews several important noninfectious pulmonary complications that threaten survival, pulmonary function, and quality of life after lung transplantation. Topics reviewed include primary graft dysfunction (PGD), native lung hyperinflation, anastomotic complications, phrenic nerve injury, pleural complica...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2005.06.006
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hyperventilation seen in asthma is due to an increase in respiratory drive. This may be reflected by increased neural output to the respiratory muscles and probably by alterations in the respiratory pattern. This increased respiratory drive is most likely in response to irritant receptor stimulation in the lung. O...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A poor therapeutic response may be explained by incomplete or erroneous diagnostic assessment, by failure to employ optimal drug doses and combinations, or by inadequate attention to the non-pharmacologic aspects of management. Poor compliance and counterproductive patient attitudes may need to be addressed. These pro...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interventional pulmonology encompasses diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopic procedures, and pleural interventions. In the last 10 years older techniques have been refined and exciting new technologies have extended the reach and application of the instruments used. The main areas within pulmonary medicine for whic...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2010.10.007
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors attempt to demonstrate those circumstances for which perfusion scintigraphy, by itself, or in combination with ventilation scintiscanning, offers the best adjunctive information in excluding or confirming the presence of pulmonary embolism. They then identify those circumstances in which scintiscanning doe...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pleural malignancies are ideal for novel therapeutic approaches because they are invariably fatal. Intrapleural (IP) chemotherapy has only marginal benefit in pleural malignancies, but may prove efficacious with hyperthermic chemotherapy administered in combination with maximal tumor debulking. IP immunotherapies may ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2013.04.007
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given that poor asthma management leads to such devastating rates of morbidity and mortality in this country, efforts must be made to increase the knowledge, skills, and behaviors of persons with asthma. The suggestions and recommendations provided here represent a blend of academic opinion and practical advice on met...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The long-term ventilated patient is at high risk for developing nosocomial pneumonia or tracheobronchitis. In general, the frequency of infection increases with the duration of mechanical ventilation, but the risk appears to be greatest in the first week of intubation. Although these types of infection are common and ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70026-5
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical ventilation has become a very common and well-accepted practice in modern intensive care units. The use of the mechanical ventilator has progressed from being a support system during surgery and for acutely ill patients to being used in both moderate and long-term life support in patients with inadequate ve...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa remains an important cause of pulmonary disease in patients who have cystic fibrosis. The development of antimicrobial therapy directed against this organism has resulted in the preservation of lung function and improved longevity. Efficacy has been demonstrated with agents administered via pare...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2007.02.003
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ICU-acquired weakness is a common problem and carries significant morbidity. Despite evidence that early mobility can mitigate this, implementation outside of the research setting is lagging. Understanding barriers at the systems as well as individual level is a crucial step in successful implementation of an ICU mobi...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2015.05.006
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with MAC-PD and pre-existing lung disease are a distinct group from the more common and recently recognized group of predominantly middle- to older-aged women without pre-existing lung disease. Those with pre-existing disease are expected to have more sputum positivity and slower conversion of sputum with tre...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(02)00022-9
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selected occupational populations are at the highest risk of lung cancer, because they smoke at increased rates and are concurrently exposed to workplace lung carcinogens. Low-dose computed tomography (CT)-based lung cancer screening has an enormous potential to reduce lung cancer mortality in these populations, as sh...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.016
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Illicit drug users comprise a substantial and growing proportion of the HIV-infected population. Although they develop pulmonary complications common to all HIV transmission groups, they also have unique respiratory illnesses due to the direct effect of the illicit drugs on the lung. Bacterial infections, tuberculosis...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70348-8
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) represents a group of immunologically mediated lung disorders provoked by recurrent exposure to various environmental agents. HP is multifaceted and may mimic almost any interstitial lung disease, some infectious diseases,and even bronchiolar disorders. In the absence of a diagnostic ...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2004.04.001
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of mechanical devices may be used to provide assistance when ventilation and cough are severely impaired by progressive respiratory weakness caused by neuromuscular disease. Traditionally, positive pressure ventilation via a tracheostomy has been used, but if upper airway function is adequate, a variety of n...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00