Abstract:
:Although primarily a lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now recognized to have extrapulmonary effects on distal organs, the so-called systemic effects and comorbidities of COPD. Skeletal muscle dysfunction, nutritional abnormalities including weight loss, cardiovascular complications, metabolic complications, and osteoporosis, among others, are all well-recognized associations in COPD. These extrapulmonary effects add to the burden of mortality and morbidity in COPD and therefore should be actively looked for, assessed, and treated.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Choudhury G,Rabinovich R,MacNee Wdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2013.10.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-03-01 00:00:00pages
101-30issue
1eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272-5231(13)00149-4journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::As specialized laboratory tests became more widely available, Legionella species were found to be common causes of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia. Patients with chronic lung disease and organ transplants are at greatest risk. Clinical manifestations are non-specific, although fever greater than 39 degrees...
journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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doi:
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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journal_title:Clinics in chest medicine
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