Abstract：
:The ventral tegmental area (VTA) evaluates salience of environmental stimuli and provides dopaminergic innervation to many brain areas affected by acute and chronic ethanol exposure. While primarily associated with rewarding and reinforcing stimuli, recent evidence indicates a role for the VTA in aversion as well. Ethanol actions in the VTA may trigger neuroadaptation resulting in reduction of the aversive responses to alcohol and a relative increase in the rewarding responses. In searching for effective pharmacotherapies for the treatment of alcohol abuse and alcoholism, recognition of this imbalance may reveal novel strategies. In addition to conventional receptor/ion channel pharmacotherapies, epigenetic factors that control neuroadaptation to chronic ethanol treatment can be targeted as an avenue for development of therapeutic approaches to restore the balance. Furthermore, when exploring therapies to address reward/aversion imbalance in the action of alcohol in the VTA, sex differences have to be taken into account to ensure effective treatment for both men and women. These principles apply to a VTA-centric approach to therapies, but should hold true when thinking about the overall approach in the development of neuroactive drugs to treat alcohol use disorders. Although the functions of the VTA itself are complex, it is a useful model system to evaluate the reward/aversion imbalance that occurs with ethanol exposure and could be used to provide new leads in the efforts to develop novel drugs to treat alcoholism.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
You C,Vandegrift B,Brodie MSdoi
10.1007/s00213-018-4875-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-01 00:00:00pages
1711-1726issue
6eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072pii
10.1007/s00213-018-4875-yjournal_volume
235pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A group of 14 schizophrenics who remained symptomatic after neuroleptic treatment received either 0.02 mcg/kg CCK-8 or saline placebo intravenously. Thereafter, 13 received the alternative infusion as a crossover treatment. A second group of 16 such patients received 0.04 mcg/kg CCK-8 or saline intravenously and, ther...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00690931
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A paradigm for assessing benzodiazepine receptor sensitivity was developed using intravenous midazolam in normal volunteers. After administration of incremental doses of midazolam, alterations in saccadic eye movement parameters and psychological self ratings were assessed. Significant changes included dose-dependent ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-2082-6
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050972
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00428314
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00432762
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00555225
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050653
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1106-2
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00178516
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00445568
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427282
更新日期：1976-09-17 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00310519
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245064
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1979-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The primary aim of this project was to examine the role of alcohol use in smoking lapse behavior, as alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for poor smoking cessation outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We have developed a novel human laboratory model to examine two primary aspects of alcohol-mediated tobacc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of chronic lithium treatment on methylphenidate-, D1 dopamine receptor agonist (A-77636)-, and tactile stimulation-induced increases in frontal cortical acetylcholine release were studied in the rat using in vivo brain microdialysis. Cortical acetylcholine release in control rats was maximally stimulated b...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-015-3966-2
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
