Abstract:
:Ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation has been proposed to be positively correlated with the rewarding effects of ethanol (Wise and Bozarth 1987). The present experiments provided a test of this hypothesis using a genetic model. Three behavioral indices of the motivational effects of ethanol (drinking, taste conditioning, place conditioning) were examined in mice from two independent FAST lines, selectively bred for sensitivity to ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation, and mice from two independent SLOW lines, selectively bred for insensitivity to ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation. In a single-bottle procedure, mice were allowed access to drinking tubes containing ethanol in a concentration (1-12% v/v) that increased over 24 consecutive days. FAST mice consumed greater amounts of ethanol solution. In a two-bottle procedure, mice were allowed access to tubes containing water or various concentrations of ethanol (2-8% v/v) over 6 days. FAST mice generally showed greater preference for ethanol solutions than SLOW mice. In a conditioned taste aversion procedure, mice received access to saccharin solution followed by injection of 2.5 g/kg ethanol (IP). SLOW mice developed aversion to the saccharin flavor more readily than FAST mice. In a series of place conditioning experiments, tactile stimuli were paired with various doses of ethanol (0.8-2.0 g/kg). During conditioning, FAST mice showed locomotor stimulation after 1.0, 1.2 and 2.0 g/kg ethanol while SLOW mice did not. During testing, mice conditioned with 1.2 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg ethanol showed conditioned place preference, but there were no line differences in magnitude of preference. These results indicate that genetic selection for sensitivity to ethanol-stimulated activity has resulted in genetic differences in ethanol drinking and ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion but not ethanol-induced conditioned place preference. Overall, these data provide mixed support for the psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Risinger FO,Malott DH,Prather LK,Niehus DR,Cunningham CLdoi
10.1007/BF02245064subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
207-16issue
2eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Previous studies show that electrical stimulation of the ventral subiculum (vSub) can reinstate drug-seeking behavior in rats following extinction. This study examined whether vSub stimulation could also evoke reinitiation of d-amphetamine (d-AMPH) self-administration during voluntary abstinenc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1337-2
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Children and adolescents will readily abuse household products that contain solvents such as toluene. It is likely that reinforcing exposures to toluene alter brain glucose metabolism. OBJECTIVE:Using an animal model of drug reinforcement, we sought to identify a metabolic signature of toluene abuse in the a...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0359-6
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246191
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3073-1
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130051077
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244813
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00429665
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The present study was designed to investigate the rewarding effects induced by tramadol and its active metabolite O-desmethyltramadol (M1) under a neuropathic pain-like state. RESULTS:In opioid receptor binding and G protein activation, we confirmed that M1, but not tramadol, showed mu-opioid receptor (MO...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1180-1
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1973-x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00496865
更新日期:1976-08-17 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Animal studies indicate that dopamine pathways in the ventral striatum code for the motivational salience of both rewarding and aversive stimuli, but evidence for this mechanism in humans is less established. We have developed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) model which permits examination of t...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2278-4
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Carbon monoxide synthetized by inducible heme oxygenase (HO-1) exerts potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects during acute and neuropathic pain, but its role in the modulation of chronic inflammatory pain and the possible involvement of nitric oxide in this action remain unknown. OBJECTIVES AND ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3302-7
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Second-generation antipsychotics are the first-line medications prescribed for schizophrenic patients; however, some of them, such as olanzapine and risperidone, may induce metabolic dysfunctions during short-term treatment. Metformin is an effective adjuvant that attenuates antipsychotic-induced metabolic dy...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05524-w
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2674-4
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acamprosate (calcium-acetyl homotaurinate) is a new compound used in the treatment of alcohol abuse. Because of the putative link between alcoholism and the endogenous opioid systems in both humans and laboratory animals, we tested in rats the effects of acamprosate on behavioral and neurochemical effects of opioid dr...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050730
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experiment was conducted to test whether centrally acting drugs could act as conditioned stimuli (CS) in a classical conditioning paradigm in which electric shock acted as the unconditioned stimulus (US) and suppression of drinking was used as an indicator of a conditioned response (CR). Thirsty rats were allowed t...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244921
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ApolipoproteinE (ApoE) genotype has recently been identified as a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the mechanism(s) by which ApoE isoforms influence this disease remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that mice deficient in ApoE may exhibit impaired central cholinergic function. Since this neurotrans...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050329
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Serotonin and especially serotonin 2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor signaling are important in the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia and affective disorders. We previously reported a novel 5-HT(2A) receptor effector, increased transglutaminase (TGase)-catalyzed transamidation, and activation of the small G protei...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1984-7
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3833-6
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Although cocaine use has been linked to sexual HIV risk behavior for decades, the direct effects of cocaine on sexual desire and sexual decision-making are unexamined. Research suggests delay discounting (devaluation of future outcomes) and probability discounting (devaluation of uncertain outcomes) play rol...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4493-5
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2169-8
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2269-5
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The development and validation of animal models of the cognitive impairments of schizophrenia have remained challenging subjects. OBJECTIVE:We review evidence from a series of experiments concerning an animal model that dissociates between the disruption of attentional capacities during acute illness periods...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1216-6
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The N-methyl D-aspartate antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) is purported to mimic the negative, cognitive and positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Thus, acute and sub-chronic PCP treatment in rodents might produce anhedonia, a decrease in the pleasure produced by rewards. OBJECTIVES:Experiment 1 investigated whet...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1779-x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human eyeblink conditioning, a relatively simple form of learning and memory, has previously been shown to be impaired by the central and peripheral anticholinergic scopolamine. The present study compared the behavioral effects of scopolamine with the benzodiazepine lorazepam and a peripherally active anticholinergic,...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02246273
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Conditioned behavioral responses to discrete drug-associated cues can be modulated by the environmental context in which those cues are experienced, a process that may facilitate relapse in humans. Rodent models of drug self-administration have been adapted to reveal the capacity of contexts to trigger drug s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1657-6
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of dopamine agonists on self-stimulation are a matter of considerable dispute. Apomorphine has variously been reported to inhibit, have no effect on, or to facilitate lever-press self-stimulation. To investigate the possibility that these discrepancies may reflect peculiarities of the lever-press test situ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00433261
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute alcohol intoxication disrupts memory acquisition in humans and laboratory animals. This review summarizes recent behavioral and immediate early gene expression studies addressing the mechanisms of this phenomenon. Most behavioral investigations agree that the amnestic effect of alcohol is due to its preferential...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s002130050687
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were conducted to assess the acute behavioral effects of triazolam and temazepam in healthy, non-drug abusing men in double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trials, where all subjects received all possible doses. These drugs were compared to examine allegations that triazolam produces greater behav...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02244887
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoamine neurotransmitter systems, along with cholinergic systems, are known to play important roles in cognition, and are disrupted in at least some patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). This suggests that monoamine-enhancing drugs might ameliorate cognitive symptoms in certain patients with DAT. L-Dep...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00216016
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00