Abstract:
:Acamprosate (calcium-acetyl homotaurinate) is a new compound used in the treatment of alcohol abuse. Because of the putative link between alcoholism and the endogenous opioid systems in both humans and laboratory animals, we tested in rats the effects of acamprosate on behavioral and neurochemical effects of opioid drugs related to their abuse potential. These included sensitization to the behavioral effects of morphine, morphine-induced dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAS), intravenous (i.v.) heroin self-administration and relapse to heroin seeking in drug-free rats. In experiment 1, rats were injected daily with either morphine (10 mg/kg, s.c.) or saline for 14 days. Three days later in a test for the expression of sensitization, an injection of morphine (10 mg/kg) resulted in increased locomotor activity and enhanced DA release in the NAS in rats previously exposed to morphine. Acamprosate (two injections of 200 mg/kg, 12 h apart; i.p.) suppressed the expression of the sensitized responses, but did not alter the effects of morphine in drug-naive control rats. In experiment 2, it was found that acamprosate (two injections of 50-200 mg/ kg; i.p.) had no consistent effects on i.v. heroin self-administration (50 100 microg/kg per infusion) and, in experiment 3, that acamprosate (100-200 mg/ kg, i.p.) did not alter reinstatement of drug seeking induced by priming injections of heroin (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) or a footshock stressor (15 min; 0.5 mA) after a 5- to 8-day period of extinction. Thus, although acamprosate attenuated the expression of sensitized locomotor activity and DA release in the NAS, it did not have any consistent effect on either the intake of heroin during the maintenance phase or the relapse to heroin seeking in a drug-free state. Thus, to the extent that the self-administration and the reinstatement procedures provide valid preclinical models for drug use and relapse in humans, our data suggest that acamprosate may not be effective in altering drug-taking behavior in heroin users.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Spanagel R,Sillaber I,Zieglgänsberger W,Corrigall WA,Stewart J,Shaham Ydoi
10.1007/s002130050730subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-10-01 00:00:00pages
391-401issue
4eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
139pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The present study compared the acute subject-rated and performance-impairing effects of trazodone and triazolam in seven healthy humans. Trazodone (50, 100 and 200 mg), triazolam (0.125, 0.25, 0.50 mg) and placebo were administered orally in a double-blind, crossover design. Drug effects were measured approximately 30...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s002130050259
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major epidemic in the USA. Despite evidence indicating that OUD may be particularly severe for women, preclinical models have yet to establish sex as a major factor in OUD. OBJECTIVES:Here, we examined sex differences in vulnerability to relapse following intermittent access fe...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245706
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine has been reported to increase or decrease measures of activity in rats, including locomotor activity and rearing. Nicotine dose and repeated exposure to nicotine are known to be important factors in determining the effects on locomotor behavior. Less information has been gathered on rearing and other measures...
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doi:10.1007/BF02244758
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a one-trial step-through passive avoidance task, pretraining administration of ethanol was shown to decrease the latencies to step through at both training (day 1) and testing (day 2) for both rats and mice. A detailed analysis of these effects showed that they differed from those reported previously by others. The...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Recent research highlights the need to extend our understanding of how exercise may aid smoking cessation, through exploration of different modes, intensity and duration of exercise. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of a 1-mile self-paced walk on different measures of urges to s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in ten normal volunteers assessed the effects of the subcutaneous administration of adrenaline on platelet MAO activity, in an attempt to replicate previous findings of increased MAO activity following adrenaline. Platelet counts, cortisol plasma concentrations, and...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1976-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Roxindole is a potent autoreceptor-selective dopamine agonist with additional properties as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A agonist. In order to get more insight into its mode of action in various psychiatric populations, we evaluated the effects of subchronic roxindole treatment on pituitary and adrenal hor...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00