Abstract:
:Anemia affects over 800 million women and children globally. Defined as a limited or insufficient functional red blood cell supply in peripheral blood, anemia causes a reduced oxygen supply to tissues and can have serious health consequences for women and children. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration is most commonly measured for anemia diagnosis. Methods to measure Hb are usually invasive (requiring a blood sample); however, advances in diagnostic and clinical chemistry over the past decade have led to the development of new noninvasive methods. Accurate diagnosis at the individual level is important to identify individuals who require treatment. At the population level, anemia prevalence estimates are often the impetus for national nutrition policies or programs. Thus, it is essential that methods for Hb measurement are sensitive, specific, accurate, and reproducible. The objective of our narrative review is to describe the basic principles, advantages, limitations, and quality control issues related to methods of Hb measurement in clinical and field settings. We also discuss other biomarkers and tests that can help to determine the severity and underlying causes of anemia. In conclusion, there are many established and emerging methods to measure Hb concentration, each with their own advantages, limitations, and factors to consider before use.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Karakochuk CD,Hess SY,Moorthy D,Namaste S,Parker ME,Rappaport AI,Wegmüller R,Dary O,HEmoglobin MEasurement (HEME) Working Group.doi
10.1111/nyas.14003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-08-01 00:00:00pages
126-146issue
1eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1450pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Consumers of marijuana typically feel a strong, compulsive desire to consume food. Although past research revealed that the CB1 cannabinoid receptor is a potent regulator of food intake, the functional presence of neuronal CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the brain has been controversial. The role of CB2 receptors in food...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1432.035
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease in which the beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the body's own immune system. IL12 plays a role in pathological situations, such as septic shock, tissue damage during inflammation, and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. In NOD mice, administration of I...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1288.057
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of important themes emerge from our compartmental analyses of Na,K-ATPase biosynthesis in response to ionic stimuli. The ubiquitous alpha 1 beta 1 type sodium pump evolved to generate and maintain transmembrane Na+ and K+ gradients, and there are cell-type specific mechanisms of increasing synthesis and decre...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb43793.x
更新日期:1992-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Taken together with electrophysiological data, these results suggest that in states of DA deficiency, systemically administered L-dopa or DA agonist drugs inhibit cell firing in the major output nuclei of the basal ganglia (GPI and SNPR). We propose that DA produces this net effect by a direct influence on the striato...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48626.x
更新日期:1997-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::To date, the precise etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains largely unknown; however, it is well accepted that IBD results from a dysregulated mucosal immune response to environmental factors in genetically susceptible hosts. The primary defect, in at least a subpopulation of IBD patients, may be due to ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04035.x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perception, preference, and selection are all objectively measurable performances that discriminate between different levels of entities such as the sugar, thickener, or protein in a food. A rating or an intake may not be controlled by the word that the experimenter or the subject uses to describe it: "protein"-orient...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb20985.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mesodiencephalic junction is the site of the prenuclear control of vertical eye motion. We measured vertical saccades, smooth pursuit (SP), the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), and its interactions with vision during active head motion in 21 patients with midbrain lesions causing palsy of vertical saccades,...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02815.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymic epithelial and nurse cells from different species express a repertoire of neuroendocrine polypeptide precursors. This repertoire exerts a dual role in T-lymphocyte selection according to their status either as cryptocrine signals or as neuroendocrine self-antigens of the peptide sequences that are processed fro...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09572.x
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells in vitro yields abundant hematopoietic progenitors, but achieving stable hematopoietic engraftment of irradiated mice has proven difficult, begging the question of whether ES cells give rise to hematopoietic stem cells in vitro, and limiting the application of ES cells as e...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03240.x
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the first demonstrations that mindfulness-based therapies could have a positive influence on chronic pain patients, numerous studies have been conducted with healthy individuals in an attempt to understand meditative analgesia. This review focuses explicitly on experimental pain studies of meditation and attempt...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.12282
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acquisition of both speech and music uses general principles: learners extract statistical regularities present in the environment. Yet, individuals who suffer from congenital amusia (commonly called tone-deafness) have experienced lifelong difficulties in acquiring basic musical skills, while their language abili...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06429.x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although tissue injury can evoke significant hyperalgesia in infants from the first days of life, little is known about how injury affects emergent central pain networks at the synaptic level. Recent studies have investigated whether tissue damage at different ages has distinct consequences for synaptic function in th...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05425.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review the effects of two transcription factor decoy oligonucleotides on apoptosis of human osteoclasts (OCs). The first decoy molecule was designed to inhibit nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) binding to target sequence, the second to increase estrogen receptor (ER) alpha expression. We found that both decoy mole...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1378.092
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fraction with lymphokine properties was isolated from supernatant medium of the continuous cultured human lymphoblast cell line, 1788. Culture medium containing 2% human serum was used for cell growth in order to minimize antigenicity of supernatant fractions isolated from the medium. The culture medium was passed t...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb41685.x
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common characteristic of all neurodegenerative diseases. However, the cause of this dysfunction remains a mystery. Here, we discuss the potential role of mitochondrial fission and fusion in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, we propose that an imbalanc...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1427.030
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraocular lesions occurred in 55 of 70 sarcoidosis patients (78.6%) and their intraocular findings were biomicroscopically analyzed. Intraocular lesions were observed bilaterally in 54 of 55 patients (98.0%) and these various lesions occurred simultaneously or within a short period in almost all tissues of the eyeba...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47057.x
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a dysmyelinating disorder of the central nervous system typically caused by duplications or missense mutations of the proteolipid protein (PLP) gene. Most investigators have found that peripheral nerve function and structure is normal in PMD patients. We have found that null mutat...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Disorientation may draw attention from other activities and its impact on cognition may cause pilot error and problems of concentration in dizzy patients. Tasks used to study the impact of disorientation include number processing, intelligence scales and Brookes matrices (reproduction of 2xD patterns of numbers vs. no...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03744.x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healthy CD45 KO mice show a Th2-type cytokine secretion profile in their small intestines. Dietary supplementation with human infant formula induced colitis and a shift toward a Th1-type profile, suggesting that diet can alter cytokine secretion. ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1309.041
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow cytometry was used to separate Xenopus melanotrope cells according to their size. The cells were then submitted to real-time RT-PCR to determine the level of POMC-gene expression. The results show a positive correlation between cell size and gene expression for cells from black-background (but not white-backgroun...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1327.040
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emphasis on the effects of early olfactory restriction has been on the deleterious nature of the consequences of this abnormal early experience. While these effects are certainly present and dramatic, it is also the case that the olfactory system is left fairly intact by this experimental manipulation. If one asks...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10551.x
更新日期:1998-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Our molecular studies have revealed the existence of a large number of different subunits or subtypes for the NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptors. The individual receptors show functional variabilities and distinct expression patterns in the CNS. The NMDA receptors belong to the ligand-gated ion channel family a...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb38050.x
更新日期:1993-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::This article focuses on the importance of social engagement and the behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms that allow individuals to reduce psychological and physical distance. A model of social engagement derived from the Polyvagal Theory is presented. The model emphasizes phylogeny as an organizing principle a...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1301.004
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic sequence data provide evidence for a common origin of life and for its evolution by genetic variation via mutation and recombination. This paper discusses the fundamental dialectic paradigm of evolution--stability versus variability--at the crossroads of molecular genetics, population genetics, ecology, and th...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08874.x
更新日期:1999-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::AZT inhibited replication of an immunodeficiency-inducing strain of feline leukemia virus (FeLV-FAIDS) in vitro at concentrations as low as 0.005 microgram/mL. This antiviral activity was augmented an additional 25-30% when AZT was combined with human recombinant alpha-interferon (2b) (IFN alpha). Administration of AZ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb17846.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Now that the human genome has been mapped, a new challenge has emerged: deciphering the various products of individual genes. Consequently, new proteomic technologies are being developed to monitor and identify protein function and interactions responsible for the total activities of the cell. The application of these...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04881.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measles infection remains a serious threat to child survival in the developing world despite vaccination and treatment with vitamin A. This report reviews the epidemiology of measles in HIV-infected children in Africa. In hospitalized infants, the rate of malnutrition before measles and the rate of death after measles...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05511.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over most of the past century, it was thought that the adult brain was completely incapable of generating new neurons. However, in the last decade, the development of new techniques has resulted in an explosion of new research showing that (i) neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons, is not restricted to embryonic deve...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-298-2_9
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ascorbic acid has been found to interact with several elements in such a manner as to render them less available for animals. This property of the vitamin has a negative effect on the animals fed a copper-deficient diet, but a positive effect on those fed toxic levels of copper, selenium, vanadium, and cobalt. The eff...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb21344.x
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis is a major neuroendocrine system involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes and in adaptation to stress. A wide range of variability can be observed in all the components of the system, and the contribution of genetic factors has been shown in th...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05902.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00