Abstract:
:Disorientation may draw attention from other activities and its impact on cognition may cause pilot error and problems of concentration in dizzy patients. Tasks used to study the impact of disorientation include number processing, intelligence scales and Brookes matrices (reproduction of 2xD patterns of numbers vs. nonsensical sentences), and Stroop tasks to probe selective effects on spatial versus verbally-loaded tasks. This variety of tasks has been used to evaluate cognitive performance in numerous scenarios, including visual-vestibular mismatch, vection, spinning, coriolis, balancing, and flight maneuvers. A meta-analysis provides an overview of how spatial disorientation may affect cognition: Substantial individual differences in managing disorientation are to be expected; errors on cognitive tasks occur during the first few experiences of a disorienting situation and subjects rapidly learn to "quarantine" this "novelty effect"; familiarity with and practice on a test gives protection against disorientation; task performance continues to suffer if the protagonist is unaware of disorientation; with disorientation that demands external resolution (e.g., interpretation of instruments) the subject must learn to switch priority to the cognitive task; there is a moderate preferential impact of disorientation on spatial tasks; anxiety of real situations probably exacerbates the impact of disorientation.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Gresty MA,Golding JFdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03744.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-05-01 00:00:00pages
263-7eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632pii
NYAS03744journal_volume
1164pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Vitamin E has the ability to scavenge a wide spectrum of free radicals, including singlet oxygen, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. It has beneficial effects against several other disorders, such as atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease, because it acts as a transcriptional regulator for gene expression via a tr...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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