Regulation of pesticides in Canada.

Abstract:

:Pesticides are registered in Canada under the authority of the Pest Control Products Act (PCP), administered by the Department of Agriculture. The Department of Agriculture calls upon various federal departments, including Health & Welfare Canada, to provide expert advice on hazards which may be associated with the use of the product. The Department of Health and Welfare requires and reviews a range of toxicological studies to assess potential health hazards which may be associated with exposure to the chemical. Studies required include acute, sub-acute, chronic, reproduction, teratology and metabolism. In addition, exposure studies are also required to provide estimates of anticipated human exposure during typical field use of the chemical. In summary, the various steps involved in the registration of pesticides will be discussed and the relationship between the predictive toxicology as determined through animal testing and exposure estimates for estimating hazard will be shown.

journal_name

Toxicol Ind Health

authors

Ritter L,Curry PB

doi

10.1177/074823378800400305

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1988-09-01 00:00:00

pages

331-40

issue

3

eissn

0748-2337

issn

1477-0393

journal_volume

4

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Comparing the protective effects of three sulfur compounds against acrylonitrile-induced acute toxicity in CYP2E1-induced rats.

    abstract::Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) can be induced by diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic liver disease, and obesity. This study assessed the protective effects of three sulfur compounds, namely phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), and sodium thiosulfate (STS), on acrylonitrile (ACN)-induced acute toxici...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233719839847

    authors: Li F,Lu R,Zhao T,Zhang X,Wang S,Xing G

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • JP-8 jet fuel exposure potentiates tumor development in two experimental model systems.

    abstract::The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day resulted in immediate secretion ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233708090908

    authors: Harris DT,Sakiestewa D,Titone D,He X,Hyde J,Witten M

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Health effects from hazardous waste incineration facilities: five case studies.

    abstract::Environmental pollution, primarily from industrialization, has caused significant adverse effects to humans, animals, and the ecosystem. Attempts have been made to reduce and prevent these pollutants through better waste management practices. Incineration is one such practice, which seeks to prevent adverse health imp...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Pleus RC,Kelly KE

    更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00

  • In vitro evaluation of cobalt oxide nanoparticle-induced toxicity.

    abstract::Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles have applications in nanomedicine and nanotechnology; therefore, any possible adverse effects require thorough investigation. The present study investigated the effects of Co3O4 nanoparticles on four different cell lines: liver, HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells; lung, A549 lung c...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233717706633

    authors: Abudayyak M,Gurkaynak TA,Özhan G

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of chronic treatment and withdrawal of CNS depressants on aggressive behavior.

    abstract::Young adult CD-1 male mice were housed in individual cages throughout the study. Groups of 10 to 20 mice were given gradually increasing doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) at 6.25 to 25 mg/kg i.p., trifluoperazine (TFP) at 6 to 12 mg/kg p.o., phenobarbital sodium (PS) at 20 to 35 mg/kg p.o., morphine sulfate ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/074823378900500604

    authors: Yen-Koo HC,Tocus EC,Balazs T

    更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00

  • Ambient suspended particulate matter and ionic speciation in Asian countries during 1998-2007.

    abstract::Atmospheric acid precursor emissions in Asia are increasing at a significant rate. This is expected to continue for the next several years. This main purpose for this study is to observe the concentration variations of PM(2.5), PM(2.5-10), PM(10), total suspended particulates (TSP), atmospheric particulates, and dry d...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233710375950

    authors: Fang GC,Liu CK

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Beneficial influence of topical extra virgin olive oil application on an experimental model of penile fracture in rats.

    abstract::Penile fracture (PF) is known as a traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea of corpus cavernosum. In this study, we aimed to investigate the healing influence of topical extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on PF through evaluating levels of some oxidative stress biomarkers for the first time. Histopathological evaluation w...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713483191

    authors: Gunes M,Ozkol H,Pirincci N,Gecit I,Bilici S,Yildirim S

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • Formation of DHP-derived DNA adducts in vivo from dietary supplements and chinese herbal plant extracts containing carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids.

    abstract::We recently determined that the metabolism of a series of tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids resulted in the formation of a set of 6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (DHP)-derived DNA adducts. These DHP-derived DNA adducts have been proposed as potential biomarkers of pyrrolizidine alkaloid tumorige...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233706071765

    authors: Chou MW,Fu PP

    更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • Low concentrations of copper in drinking water increase AP-1 binding in the brain.

    abstract::Copper (Cu) in trace amounts is essential for biological organisms. However, dysregulation of the redox-active metal has been implicated in different neurological disorders such as Wilson's, Menkes', Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. Since many households use Cu tubing in the plumbing system, and corrosion causes...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713491805

    authors: Lung S,Li H,Bondy SC,Campbell A

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • White paper: Neuropsychiatric aspects of sensitivity to low-level chemicals: a neural sensitization model.

    abstract::The present paper summarizes the proposed time-dependent sensitization (TDS) and partial limbic kindling model for illness from low-level chemicals; reviews and critiques prior studies on CNS aspects of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS); and outlines possible experimental approaches to future studies. TDS is the pro...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Bell IR

    更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00

  • Synergistic effect of black tea and curcumin in improving the hepatotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1 in rats.

    abstract::Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic compound commonly found as a contaminant in human food. It is carcinogenic due its potential in inducing the oxidative stress and distortion of the most antioxidant enzymes. Since black tea possesses strong antioxidant activity, it protects cells and tissues against oxidative stress. Cur...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713491807

    authors: Alm-Eldeen AA,Mona MH,Shati AA,El-Mekkawy HI

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of paraoxonase 1 192 Q/R polymorphism on paraoxonase and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activities in a Turkish population exposed to organophosphate.

    abstract::Organophosphate (OP) compounds are the most commonly used pesticide groups and they are commercially used in the market for local and industrial purposes. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme plays an important role in biotransformation of OP compounds, which shows toxic effects via inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713487246

    authors: Sunay SZ,Kayaaltı Z,Bayrak T,Söylemezoğlu T

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Hazardous waste site frequency: use of the capture-recapture method.

    abstract::This investigation used a two-source capture-recapture method (CRM) for determining ascertainment and undercounts of non-national priority listed hazardous waste sites in the states of Arizona, Maine and Pennsylvania. These findings suggest that ascertainment of hazardous waste sites vary greatly, with some more accur...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/0748233703th179oa

    authors: Lange JH,Chang YF,LaPorte RE,Mastrangelo G

    更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • Natural analcime zeolite modified with 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine for preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of cadmium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

    abstract::An analytical method using natural analcime zeolite modified with tppz (2,3,5,6-tetra-pyridylpyrazine) for preconcentration of cadmium, in a column system, and their sequential determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), was developed. In this work, cadmium was adsorbed onto natural analcime zeolite ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233711422730

    authors: Saljooghi AS,Saljoghi ZS

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • Food contaminant acrylamide increases expression of Cox-2 and nitric oxide synthase in breast epithelial cells.

    abstract::Acrylamide has been discovered in foods cooked at high temperature. A potentially harmful effect of this dietary component has been suggested by data indicating its association with increased breast cancer. This study investigated the potential effects of acrylamide in nontumorigenic breast cells by assessing expressi...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233710380217

    authors: Lyn-Cook LE Jr,Tareke E,Word B,Starlard-Davenport A,Lyn-Cook BD,Hammons GJ

    更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00

  • A comparative pathological finding in pigs exposed to fumonisin B1 and/or Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.

    abstract::A more complicated pathology was observed in female pigs infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, when the same were exposed to 20 ppm dietary levels of fumonisin B1 (FB1) starting 14 days before infection for a period of 42 days as was assessed by gross pathology and pathomorphological examinations or computed tomogra...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233714543735

    authors: Pósa R,Stoev S,Kovács M,Donkó T,Repa I,Magyar T

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Metabolic adaptability in liver and gastrocnemius muscle of mice following subacute lead toxicity.

    abstract::Lead (Pb) is one of several environmental pollutants that adversely affect human health by producing toxicity at the tissue level. The aim of the study was to understand the effects of Pb on the metabolic profiles of liver and gastrocnemius muscle of mice in relation to carbohydrate and fat metabolisms. Swiss albino m...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233720937196

    authors: Das P,Pal S,Basu S

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis of female SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate.

    abstract::Retinyl esters are the storage form of vitamin A in skin, and retinyl palmitate (RP) accounts for the majority of the retinyl esters endogenously formed in skin. RP is also obtained exogenously through the topical application of cosmetic and skin care products that contain RP. There is limited information on the penet...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/0748233706th253oa

    authors: Yan J,Wamer WG,Howard PC,Boudreau MD,Fu PP

    更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • Ameliorative effect of vitamin E to mouse dams and their pups following exposure of mothers to chlorpyrifos during gestation and lactation periods.

    abstract::Pesticides are omnipresent in environment, water, fruits, and vegetables and are considered as risk factors for human health. Consumers are mainly exposed to pesticides through diet, and the main question to be answered concerns the impact of such exposure on health. In this study, we developed a mouse model to mimic ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233714548207

    authors: Mansour SA,Gamet-Payrastre L

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • Comparative study of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its bulk form on liver function of Wistar rat.

    abstract::Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are produced in high tonnage each year; they are widely used in consumer and industrial products, also now finding applications in bioimaging and drug delivery. In the present study, comparison between ZnO NPs (39 nm) and its bulk/micron form (particle size = 5 µm) on liver function ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233719878970

    authors: Moatamed ER,Hussein AA,El-Desoky MM,Khayat ZE

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Determination of the distribution of malathion in rats following various routes of administration by whole-body electronic autoradiography.

    abstract::The distribution of [14C]-malathion, an organophosphorus pesticide, in rats after intravenous, oral and dermal administration was carried out using electronic autoradiography of whole body sections of treated animals. The study indicated that a major difference in the disposition of [14C]-malathion occurred following ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/074823379701300605

    authors: Saleh MA,Ahmed AE,Kamel A,Dary C

    更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00

  • Fatty acid profile and antioxidant status in Venus verrucosa gills as λ-cyhalothrin toxic effects.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to analyze the biochemical alterations in the gills of Venus verrucosa under exposure for 6 days to three doses of lambda-cyhalothrin (λ-cyh) (100, 250, and 500 µg L-1). Malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide, and hydrogen peroxide levels in the gills of treated groups increased. λ-Cyh exposure...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233720961219

    authors: Fouzai C,Trabelsi W,Rabeh I,Bejaoui S,Telahigue K,El Cafsi M,Soudani N

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • The efficiacy of bismuth subnitrate against genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by aluminum sulphate.

    abstract::Aluminum (Al) is commonly used in industrial processes and drugs and is thought to induce erythrocytes damage via activation of oxidative stress. Recently, bismuth (Bi)-containing drugs are used in the treatment of various diseases. However, uncertain effects of Bi in blood tissue may participate in the therapeutic ef...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233710381894

    authors: Turkez H,Geyikoglu F

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of in utero JP-8 jet fuel exposure on the immune systems of pregnant and newborn mice.

    abstract::The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. In the present study, the effects of in-utero JP-8 jet fuel exposure ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233708089045

    authors: Harris DT,Sakiestewa D,He X,Titone D,Witten M

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Blood chromium levels of children working in gem-polishing industries in India.

    abstract::The gem-polishing industry in Jaipur, India employs a substantial proportion of children. The process of polishing may result in exposure to chromium in working children. Thus, this study aims to find out the levels of chromium in these working children and the associated factors. Blood samples were analysed for chrom...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233711409483

    authors: Tiwari RR,Saha A,Sathwara NG,Parikh JR

    更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00

  • The toxicological effects of bisphenol A and octylphenol on the reproductive system of prepubertal male rats.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the individual adverse effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and octylphenol (OP) on the reproductive system of prepubertal male rats. Rats were exposed to BPA and OP at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg/day, by gavage, for 90 days. At the end of the study, the testes, epididymis...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233715603847

    authors: Ahbab MA,Barlas N,Karabulut G

    更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of a 13-week chloropentafluorobenzene inhalation exposure of Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice.

    abstract::Chloropentafluorobenzene (CPFB) has been identified as a candidate simulant for nonpersistent chemical warfare agents. Acute toxicity studies have shown that CPFB has limited adverse effects on laboratory animals. A 21-day inhalation study of rats and mice to 2.5, 0.8, and 0.25 mg CPFB/liter resulted in reduced weight...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/074823379100700406

    authors: Kinkead ER,Bunger SK,Kimmel EC,Flemming CD,Wall HG,Grabau JH

    更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00

  • Anti-genotoxic effect of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate on genotoxicity to human lymphocytes induced by aflatoxin B1.

    abstract::The anti-genotoxic potential of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) was investigated using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) as genotoxic endpoint in human lymphocytes. Whole blood samples from two healthy male donors were used for this experiment and the effects of different...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233707076738

    authors: Türkez H,Sişman T

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Metal mixture inhalation (Cd-Pb) and its effects on the bronchiolar epithelium. An ultrastructural approach.

    abstract::The current study explores the effects of the inhalation of lead (Pb), Cd and its mixture (Pb-Cd) in a mice model, analysing metal concentrations in the lung, and the morphological modifications in the bronchiolar epithelium identified by scanning electron microscopy after eight weeks of inhalation. Our results indica...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/0748233704th196oa

    authors: Fortoul TI,Avila-Costa MR,Espejel-Maya G,Mussali-Galante P,Avila-Casado Mdel C,Hernández-Serrato MI,Saldivar-Osorio L

    更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00

  • Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of allelopathy mediated by the allelochemical extracts of Phytolacca latbenia (Moq.) H. Walter.

    abstract::In allelopathy, one plant suppresses the growth and development of other plant/plants by negatively affecting a variety of physiological and biochemical reactions. We checked the effects of methanolic extracts (allelochemical extracts) of Phytolacca latbenia (Moq.) H. Walter on antioxidant enzyme activities such as pe...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713483205

    authors: Ullah N,Haq IU,Safdar N,Mirza B

    更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00