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Hyperinsulinemic Normoglycemia Does Not Meaningfully Improve Myocardial Performance during Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Trial.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) administration during cardiac surgery inconsistently improves myocardial function, perhaps because hyperglycemia negates the beneficial effects of GIK. The hyperinsulinemic normoglycemic clamp (HNC) technique may better enhance the myocardial benefits of GIK. The authors extended previous GIK investigations by (1) targeting normoglycemia while administering a GIK infusion (HNC); (2) using improved echocardiographic measures of myocardial deformation, specifically myocardial longitudinal strain and strain rate; and (3) assessing the activation of glucose metabolic pathways. METHODS:A total of 100 patients having aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis were randomly assigned to HNC (high-dose insulin with concomitant glucose infusion titrated to normoglycemia) versus standard therapy (insulin treatment if glucose >150 mg/dl). The primary outcomes were left ventricular longitudinal strain and strain rate, assessed using speckle-tracking echocardiography. Right atrial tissue was analyzed for activation of glycolysis/pyruvate oxidation and alternative metabolic pathways. RESULTS:Time-weighted mean glucose concentrations were lower with HNC (127 ± 19 mg/dl) than standard care (177 ± 41 mg/dl; P < 0.001). Echocardiographic data were adequate in 72 patients for strain analysis and 67 patients for strain rate analysis. HNC did not improve myocardial strain, with an HNC minus standard therapy difference of -1.2% (97.5% CI, -2.9 to 0.5%; P = 0.11). Strain rate was significantly better, but by a clinically unimportant amount: -0.16 s (-0.30 to -0.03 s; P = 0.007). There was no evidence of increased glycolytic, pyruvate oxidation, or hexosamine biosynthetic pathway activation in right atrial samples (HNC, n = 20; standard therapy, 22). CONCLUSION:Administration of glucose and insulin while targeting normoglycemia during aortic valve replacement did not meaningfully improve myocardial function.

journal_name

Anesthesiology

journal_title

Anesthesiology

authors

Duncan AE,Kateby Kashy B,Sarwar S,Singh A,Stenina-Adognravi O,Christoffersen S,Alfirevic A,Sale S,Yang D,Thomas JD,Gillinov M,Sessler DI

doi

10.1097/ALN.0000000000000723

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-08-01 00:00:00

pages

272-87

issue

eissn

0003-3022

issn

1528-1175

pii

00000542-201508000-00014

journal_volume

123

pub_type

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Hyperinsulinemic Normoglycemia Does Not Meaningfully Improve Myocardial Performance during Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Trial.