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Jumping the Gun: Mapping Neural Correlates of Waiting Impulsivity and Relevance Across Alcohol Misuse.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Why do we jump the gun or speak out of turn? Waiting impulsivity has a preclinical basis as a predictor for the development of addiction. Here, we mapped the intrinsic neural correlates of waiting and dissociated it from stopping, both fundamental mechanisms of behavioral control. METHODS:We used a recently developed translational task to assess premature responding and assess response inhibition using the stop signal task. We mapped the neural correlates in 55 healthy volunteers using a novel multi-echo resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging sequence and analysis, which robustly boosts signal-to-noise ratio. We further assessed 32 young binge drinkers and 36 abstinent subjects with alcohol use disorders. RESULTS:Connectivity of limbic and motor cortical and striatal nodes mapped onto a mesial-lateral axis of the subthalamic nucleus. Waiting impulsivity was associated with lower connectivity of the subthalamic nucleus with ventral striatum and subgenual cingulate, regions similarly implicated in rodent lesion studies. This network was dissociable from fast reactive stopping involving hyperdirect connections of the pre-supplementary area and subthalamic nucleus. We further showed that binge drinkers, like those with alcohol use disorders, had elevated premature responding and emphasized the relevance of this subthalamic network across alcohol misuse. Using machine learning techniques we showed that subthalamic connectivity differentiates binge drinkers and individuals with alcohol use disorders from healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS:We highlight the translational and clinical relevance of dissociable functional systems of cortical, striatal, and hyperdirect connections with the subthalamic nucleus in modulating waiting and stopping and their importance across dimensions of alcohol misuse.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Morris LS,Kundu P,Baek K,Irvine MA,Mechelmans DJ,Wood J,Harrison NA,Robbins TW,Bullmore ET,Voon V

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.009

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-03-15 00:00:00

pages

499-507

issue

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(15)00483-7

journal_volume

pub_type

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Jumping the Gun: Mapping Neural Correlates of Waiting Impulsivity and Relevance Across Alcohol Misuse.