Greater cortical gray matter density in lithium-treated patients with bipolar disorder.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The neurobiological underpinnings of bipolar disorder are not well understood. Previous neuroimaging findings have been inconsistent; however, new methods for three-dimensional (3-D) computational image analysis may better characterize neuroanatomic changes than standard volumetric measures. METHODS:We used high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and cortical pattern matching methods to map gray matter differences in 28 adults with bipolar disorder, 70% of whom were lithium-treated (mean age = 36.1 +/- 10.5; 13 female subject), and 28 healthy control subjects (mean age = 35.9 +/- 8.5; 11 female subjects). Detailed spatial analyses of gray matter density (GMD) were conducted by measuring local proportions of gray matter at thousands of homologous cortical locations. RESULTS:Gray matter density was significantly greater in bipolar patients relative to control subjects in diffuse cortical regions. Greatest differences were found in bilateral cingulate and paralimbic cortices, brain regions critical for attentional, motivational, and emotional modulation. Secondary region of interest (ROI) analyses indicated significantly greater GMD in the right anterior cingulate among lithium-treated bipolar patients (n = 20) relative to those not taking lithium (n = 8). CONCLUSIONS:These brain maps are consistent with previous voxel-based morphometry reports of greater GMD in portions of the anterior limbic network in bipolar patients and suggest neurotrophic effects of lithium as a possible etiology of these neuroanatomic differences.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Bearden CE,Thompson PM,Dalwani M,Hayashi KM,Lee AD,Nicoletti M,Trakhtenbroit M,Glahn DC,Brambilla P,Sassi RB,Mallinger AG,Frank E,Kupfer DJ,Soares JC

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.10.027

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-07-01 00:00:00

pages

7-16

issue

1

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(06)01368-0

journal_volume

62

pub_type

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