Abstract:
:Previous evidence from several laboratories suggests that CD8+ T suppressor cells may be important regulatory elements governing specific unresponsiveness of lepromatous lepromatous leprosy patients to M.leprae. To analyse the mechanism of suppression, CD8+ Ts clones were established from lesions and peripheral blood of lepromatous patients and tested for ability to suppress antigen-responsive CD4+. Th clones or PBL. Suppression required induction by specific M.leprae antigen, but was effected in an antigen-non-specific fashion. The Ts clones failed to exhibit cytotoxicity of four antigen-exposed MHC-matched target cells: (i) an ori-SV40 transformed macrophage line; (ii) EBV transformed B cell lines; (iii) primary macrophages; and (iv) M.leprae responsive CD4+ cells. The possibility that Ts clones induce functional inactivation of CD4+ clones in vitro was investigated. M.leprae-responsive CD4+ clones were preincubated with Ts CD8+ clones, APC, and antigen for 16 h, after which the CD8+ cells were removed. The CD4+ clones with M.leprae and APC remained unresponsive to restimulation with APC and antigen for at least 10 days, although they responded to IL-2. Addition of IL-2 to the pre- or post-incubation cultures neither prevented the induction of unresponsiveness, nor reversed it. Earlier models of tolerance have suggested that receptor occupancy in the absence of second signals induces tolerance in B and T cells. Under conditions in which antigen responses of Th clones were HLA-DR-restricted, the Ts clones were able to suppress the response of DR mismatched Th clones. Thus, the effect of the Ts cells, like mechanisms requiring antigen presentation without a second signal, appears to be induction of clonal anergy in Th cells, perhaps by a novel mechanism.
journal_name
Int Immunoljournal_title
International immunologyauthors
Salgame P,Modlin R,Bloom BRdoi
10.1093/intimm/1.2.121subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
121-9issue
2eissn
0953-8178issn
1460-2377journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::NK cells were first identified in 1975 and represent the prototypical group 1 innate lymphoid cell (ILC). More recently, the discovery of new members of the ILC family has highlighted the complexity of this innate lymphoid lineage. Importantly, it has been recognized that different subsets exist within the group 1 ILC...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxv051
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 3 (IL-3) promotes the survival and proliferation of hematopoietic cells of various lineages in culture. Like most other hematopoietic colony stimulating factors, its mode of action is unknown. However, binding of the lymphokine induces protein tyrosine phosphorylation and enhanced glucose transport in some...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/3.8.827
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the characterization of the Fc epsilon RI gamma chain which associates with the transmembrane form of CD16 to form the low affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RIII) expressed on human natural killer (NK) cells. cDNA cloning and sequence analysis of Fc epsilon RI gamma from a polyclonal CD3-CD16+ NK line esta...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/4.8.955
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF5) plays an important role in innate immune responses via the TLR-MyD88 (Toll-like receptor - myeloid differentiation primary response 88) pathway. IRF5 is also involved in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxy032
更新日期:2018-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4(+) T cell-mediated, inflammatory disease with similarities to multiple sclerosis in humans. Intranasal (i.n.) administration of a myelin basic protein (MBP)-derived peptide can protect susceptible mice from EAE. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, however...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/11.10.1625
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::IgE plus antigen-stimulated mast cells degranulate, synthesize leukotrienes and secrete cytokines. According to the coalescence model this process is initiated in specific membrane compartments termed rafts. There, enhanced levels of glycosphingolipids and cholesterol stabilize the interaction of FcepsilonRI and Lyn, ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg120
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the B cell response to Mycobacterium leprae in leprosy patients and healthy controls. A comparison of Western-blotted proteins separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and probed with pooled sera from LL and BT patients revealed distinct antigen recognition patterns for the two classificat...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.9.803
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutagenic analyses have identified structural motifs important for TCR-mediated signaling in the antigen-binding chains, CD3 and zeta subunits of the TCR complex. In this study, we altered selected residues in the transmembrane and extracellular constant regions of the TCR beta chain and expressed the mutants in a T h...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.7.923
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Naive CD4(+) T cells rapidly proliferate to generate effector cells after encountering an antigen and small numbers survive as memory T cells in preparation for future immunological events. In the present work, adoptive transfer of naive CD4(+) T cells into RAG2(-/-) mice caused the generation of memory-type effector ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm114
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using Ia antigen-containing lipid vesicles, we investigated by stopped-flow fluorometry the requirements for helper T cell recognition and activation. When azobenzenearsonate-L-tyrosine (ABA-L-Tyr)-specific, I-Ak-restricted helper T cell hybridomas 2-45-12 were mixed with ABA-L-Tyr and purified I-Ak molecules on lipid...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.6.509
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are abundant in the gastrointestinal tract where they continuously regulate the immune system. NK cells are potently activated by dendritic cells (DCs) matured by inflammatory stimuli, and NK cells are present in the gut epithelium and in mesenteric lymph nodes, but it is not known how NK-DC...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm103
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is an important porcine bacterial pathogen and a zoonotic agent responsible for sudden death, septic shock and meningitis, with exacerbated inflammation being a hallmark of the systemic and central nervous system (CNS) infections. However, S. suis serotype 2 strains are genetically and ph...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxz033
更新日期:2019-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in respiratory tract tissues provide a first line of defense against invading pathogens. These cells often secrete IgA that is efficiently transcytosed across epithelial barriers into the airway lumen where pathogens can be blocked at their point of entry. Previous literature has report...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxw035
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is one of the major causes of lethality and disability, yet few effective therapies have been established for ischemic stroke. Inflammation in the ischemic brain is induced by the infiltration and subsequent activation of immune cells. Loss of cerebral blood flow and ischemic brain-cell death trigger the activa...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxaa027
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamic behaviour of isolated populations of peritoneal LPS-reactive (LPSr) B lymphocytes was studied upon transfer of peritoneal cells (PerC) from C57BL/6 LPS responder into C57BL/10ScCr LPS non-responder mice. We have followed the persistence and life-span of the transferred LPSr donor B cells in the spleen and ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.1.73
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::STAT6, NF-kappaB (p50) and C/EBPbeta transcription factors (TF) were examined with respect to CD23 regulation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), competition and supershift analysis demonstrated that STAT6 binds the CD23a promoter but with a lower affinity than the consensus site. STAT6-/- mice were analyzed...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.10.1529
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania results in the development of leishmaniasis, an increasingly prevalent group of diseases affecting over 12 million people worldwide. Leishmaniasis can have very different outcomes ranging from cutaneous lesions, mucosal lesions to visceralization depending on th...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxx075
更新日期:2018-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Amongst CD4-CD8- (double negative) thymocytes there is a sizeable population (variable from strain to strain) of cells expressing surface T cell receptor (TCR). These TCR+ double negatives are predominantly non-cycling, have very little precursor activity, and, unlike the TCR-CD4-CD8- thymocytes, appear not to be part...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.1.51
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is critical for EBV-driven B-cell transformation and most EBV-associated malignancies and is also implicated in exacerbation of autoimmunity. LMP1 functionally mimics the TNFR superfamily member CD40, but LMP1-induced signals and downstream B-cell functions are amplified an...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxt052
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein antigens elicit humoral responses in mice that consist predominantly of IgG1 antibodies. We have now investigated the ability of IL-12, a cytokine reported to augment IgG2a anti-hapten responses through activation of Th1 cells, to alter antibody responses to hen eggwhite lysozyme (HEL). The normal response of ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/7.9.1519
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::SDF-1 is a member of the CXC chemokines. In contrast to other chemokines that are induced by inflammation, SDF-1 is constitutively produced by stromal cells. In order to investigate the physiological roles of SDF-1, we constructed a fusion protein, SDF-1-Cgamma1, composed from murine SDF-1alpha and the constant region...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.8.1049
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several cis-acting elements regulate the expression of germline transcripts of heavy chain constant region genes and their subsequent switch recombination. To study such elements in the murine gamma1 gene, we have utilized a transgenic approach. In this study we focused on a DNase I hypersensitive site (termed 'Site I...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/12.12.1705
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies in human tears and milk were found to recognize protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) on a Toxoplasma gondii lysate immunoblot (IB). These antibodies were already detectable in tears of infants. To determine the epitope containing-regions on PDI, we generated truncated versions of recombina...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxf091
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) 139-151 is an immunodominant peptide that induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in H-2(s) SJL/J mice. While PLP 139-151-specific TCR transgenic (tg) 4E3 mice develop fulminant spontaneous disease on the susceptible SJL/J background, spontaneous EAE is dramatically red...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm094
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microphthalmic (mi) mouse exhibits deficiencies in the development of osteoclasts, melanocytes, mast cells and marrow B cells. Previously, we demonstrated that the marrow of such mice over-express receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB (RANK) ligand (RANKL). RANKL has been shown to induce the production of IF...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh327
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::LPS-binding protein (LBP) can facilitate the transfer of cell wall components of both Gram-negative bacteria (LPS) and Gram-positive bacteria (lipoteichoic acid) to inflammatory cells. Although LBP is predominantly produced in the liver, recent studies have indicated that this protein is also synthesized locally in th...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh161
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deletion of alpha i2 subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins induces a 2-4-fold increase in the proportions of CD4 and CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes as compared with wild-type littermates, but how G alpha i2 is involved in thymocyte development is unknown. To determine a role for G alpha i2 in a specific developmen...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh204
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Man has been found to produce highly conserved chitinases. The most prominent is the phagocyte-derived chitotriosidase, the plasma levels of which are markedly elevated in some pathological conditions. Here, we report that both polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and macrophages (m) are a source of chitotriosidase. T...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh328
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine critical for maintenance of intestinal intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IELs), especially CD8αα + IELs (CD8αα IELs). In the intestine, IL-15 is produced by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) and hematopoietic cells. However, the precise role of...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxz082
更新日期:2020-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Fc receptors play important roles for a wide array of immune responses. In contrast to the well-defined Fcγ and Fcε receptors, the molecular and functional characteristics of Fc receptors for IgA and IgM have remained incompletely understood for years. Recent progress has unveiled the characteristics of Fc receptors f...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxx059
更新日期:2017-12-30 00:00:00