Abstract:
:To clarify the role and site of action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in ovine pineal glands, we have investigated the effects of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), an inhibitor of GABA transaminase, on endogenous GABA content and beta-adrenoceptor mediated pineal function in Merino sheep. A significant elevation of endogenous GABA levels was noted in the glands, but no effect was observed on radioligand binding in vitro to pineal beta-adrenoceptors following in vivo administration of AOAA. Incubation of washed pineal membranes with GABA or AOAA had no effect on ligand binding to beta-adrenoceptors. Incubation of Merino pineal slices with GABA inhibited isoprenaline-stimulated but not basal serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity. Incubation of whole pineal homogenates with GABA was without effect on either isoprenaline-stimulated or basal adenyl cyclase activity. Thus, Merino pineal glands resemble bovine pineals in that beta-adrenoceptor mediated melatonin biosynthesis in both species may be regulated in part by GABA. Our results indicate that GABA may exert its effect on Merino pineal NAT activity at a locus distal to the site of action of adenyl cyclase; however, the detailed mechanism and physiological role of this regulation remain to be elucidated.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Foldes A,Maxwell CA,Rintoul AJ,Edols RWdoi
10.1159/000123892subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-03-01 00:00:00pages
206-11issue
3eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It is now well documented that various polyclonal antisera to the human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGHRF, somatocrinin) visualize in the brain by immunohistochemistry the classical hypothalamic hypophysiotropic neurons and also antigens present in otherwise characterized peptidergic neuronal systems. The nature ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125370
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exact physiological basis of acute growth hormone (GH) suppression by oral glucose is not fully understood. Glucose-mediated increase in hypothalamic somatostatin seems to be the most plausible explanation. Attempts to better understand its underlying mechanisms are compromised by species disparities in the respon...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000497214
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to the magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei, arginine vasopressin (AVP)-containing neurons have also been identified in limbic structures, including the hippocampus and amygdala. In the present study, we compared the qualitative properties of the in vitro release of AVP from the dissected hypothalamus with th...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126661
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of pinealectomy or immunization against melatonin (Mel) and N-acetylserotonin (NAS) on plasma prolactin (Prl) levels was studied in rats following pineal stimulation induced by blinding or exposure to short photoperiods (1 h light and 23 h darkness daily). Blinding alone or together with pinealectomy or imm...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122650
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum prolactin was measured in lightly etherized rats between 4 and 5 a.m. and between 11 a.m. and 12 noon at various times after operation in intact rats and rats that had been operated on. Serum prolactin was elevated in the late nocturnal samples from intact rats and this elevation was prevented by pinealectomy. W...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122372
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypophyseal and ovarian receptors for the neurohormone LHRH (LHRH-R) have been measured in young (3-4 months), middle-aged (8-11 months), constant estrous (CE, 10-14 months) and pseudopregnant (PR, 16-18 months) rats in order to study whether changes in hypothalamic and/or peripheral LHRH-like peptide production might...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125018
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have suggested that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the hypothalamus plays a tonic inhibitory role in the control of the luteinizing hormone (LH) release in intact male rats. To assess whether feedback from the testis alters the inhibitory GABAergic tone in the medial preoptic area (MPO) of male rats, an in vivo ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000066625
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin-deficient states are associated with an impaired function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, but the mechanisms underlying hypothalamic alterations in experimental diabetes are still unknown. We investigated the effect of glucose concentrations, in the presence and absence of insulin, on LHRH release ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126257
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In all vertebrates, the regulations of growth and energy balance are complex phenomena which involve elaborate interactions between the brain and peripheral signals. Most vertebrates adopt and maintain a life style after birth, but lower vertebrates may have complex life histories involving metamorphoses, migrations a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000101029
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diurnal variations, ranging over a twofold difference in concentrations of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, occur in the rat posterior pituitary gland during a 24-hour period. Highest catecholamine concentrations were seen during daylight hours and low levels reached a nadir 5 h after the onset of darkness. D...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123292
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A reproductive facet of ghrelin, a stomach-derived orexigenic peptide involved in energy homeostasis, has been recently suggested, and predominantly inhibitory effects of ghrelin upon luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion have been demonstrated in rat models. Yet, the modulatory actions of ghrelin on the gonadotropic axi...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000092753
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) participation in prolactin regulation is well documented, but the role of D2Rs in the control of other hormones involved in growth, food intake and glucose metabolism has not been extensively studied. The study of D2R knockout mice (Drd2(-/-)) puts forward new insights into the role of the D...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000321395
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single rat neurohypophyses were impaled on a platinum electrode, perifused with isotonic medium and fractions of perifusate collected each minute. Arginine vasopressin content of the fractions was measured by radioimmunoassay. The basal release of arginine vasopressin varied from 50 to 350 pg (0.02-0.14 mU/min) betwee...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123248
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether the inhibitory effect of clonidine (CLON) on renin secretion is due in part to a direct action on the kidneys or due entirely to an action on the brain, the drug was administered intravenously in a dose of 30 microgram/kg to dogs in which the spinal cord had been transected in the cervical region....
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122733
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to verify whether prolonged exposure of cultured rat anterior pituitary cells to high glucose can alter growth hormone (GH) release and responsiveness to secretagogues. Therefore, we cultured anterior pituitary cells obtained from normal male Sprague-Dawley rats in presence of normal (6 mM) o...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125947
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) turnover and hypothalamic serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and LHRH content preceding and during a progesterone- (P) induced LH and prolactin (PRL) surge were investigated in ovariectomized est...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123576
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of vasopressin (VP) in pars distalis of rats and pigs was investigated. Using radioimmunoassay and bioassay of VP, a substance with immunological and biological properties of this hormone was found. This substance was not detected in the adenohypophysis of rats with diabetes insipidus. A partial purificat...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122841
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observations in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for multiple sclerosis (MS), have indicated that a low activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system is accompanied by a high susceptibility for EAE in rat strains and that elevated corticosteroid levels are necessary for spontaneous r...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126989
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capability of the anterior pituitary gland to secrete growth hormone (GH) in response to an intravenous injection of growth hormone-releasing factor, hpGRF-44, was evaluated in male rats ranging from 22 days to 24 months of age. The increase in GH concentrations following a submaximal dose of hpGRF-44 (0.5 microgr...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123594
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grafts of normal mouse preoptic area (POA) tissue into the third ventricle of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-deficient hypogonadal (hpg) mice resulted in an elevation of pituitary GnRH receptors, an increased synthesis of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland, a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124762
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An abolishment of 24 h periodicity of the adrenocortical activity was observed in rats subjected to a prolonged food deprivation of 7--8 days. Total locomotor activity progressively decreased and its circadian rhythm faded out in a similar fashion as the adrenocortical rhythm. The circadian rhythms of both locomotor a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122924
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain angiotensin II (AII) receptors play a role in the regulation of luteinizing hormone release. This action is thought to involve luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing neurons in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic (POAH) area of the brain. Previous studies have demonstrated a discrete locus of AII recept...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126225
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of neuronal-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) present on the neuroendocrine cells of the porcine pars intermedia of the pituitary were studied in intact single cell using measurements of the free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca]i) with the calcium-sensitive dye fura 2. Local applicat...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126772
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension in male and aging female rodents is associated with glutamate-dependent plasticity in the hypothalamus, but existing models have failed to capture distinct transitional menopausal phases that could have a significant impact on the synaptic plasticity and emergent hypertension. In rodents, accelerated ovar...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000446073
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of endogenous opioid peptides in the control of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator activity was examined in long-term ovariectomized goats by recording the hypothalamic multiple-unit activity specifically associated with pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion (MUA volleys). Administration of nalo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126418
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of ovarian steroids on baseline blood pressure and on changes of mean arterial pressure in response to centrally administered angiotensin II, prostaglandin E1, and prostaglandin E2 were examined. Ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol or progesterone showed no change of resting blood pressures relative...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123451
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator activity, which was assessed by the characteristic increases in the multiple unit activity (MUA) specifically associated with the pulsatile LH secretion (MUA volleys), was monitored throughout the estrous cycle of the female goat. Blood samples were collected daily for analysis of...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127051
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies indicate that 7 days after testicular administration of naloxone, serum testosterone (T) concentration and basal T secretion in vitro decrease significantly. In neonatal rats, short-term (2 h) intratesticular treatment with 0.3 micrograms (D-Met2-Pro5)-enkephalinamide suppresses steroidogenesis. In th...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126242
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Steroid autoradiography was undertaken to determine the neuroanatomical loci which might be involved in the activation of steroid-sensitive behaviors in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Male and female quail were either surgically gonadectomized or photically regressed and implanted with androgen or estrogen to...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125091
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypophysitis is a relatively rare disease that exerts a strong autoimmune component encompassing different etiologies. Immunomodulatory drugs, such as interferon-α, are known to rarely induce hypophysitis. In recent years, a large number of new biological and immunomodulatory agents have been introduced into clinical ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000480086
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00