Abstract：
:Pathogens in general and pathogenic viruses in particular have evolved a myriad of mechanisms to escape the immune response of mammalian species. Viruses that cause acute disease tend to bear characteristics that make them very contagious, as survival does not derive from chronicity of infection, but spread of disease throughout the herd. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is one of the most contagious viruses known. Upon infection of susceptible species, cloven-hoofed animals, the virus proliferates rapidly and causes a vesicular disease within 2-4 days. Disease symptoms resolve by 10 days to 2 weeks and in most cases, virus can no longer be detected. Periods of fever and viremia are usually brief, 1-3 days. In vivo control of virus infection and clearance of the virus during and following acute infection is of particular interest. The interaction of this virus with cells mediating the early, innate immune response has been analyzed in a number of recent studies. In most reports, the virus has a distinct inhibitory effect on the response of cells early in infection. Here we review these new data and discuss the dynamics of the interaction of virus with different cell types mediating the immune response to infection.
journal_name
Immunol Lettjournal_title
Immunology lettersauthors
Toka FN,Golde WTdoi
10.1016/j.imlet.2013.05.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-05-01 00:00:00pages
135-43issue
2eissn
0165-2478issn
1879-0542pii
S0165-2478(13)00067-9journal_volume
152pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A new method of panning for B lymphocytes is described in which the ability of the sIg+ cells to adhere depends on the nature and concentration of nonspecific protein used rather than on the use of anti-immunoglobulin. Rat lymph node cells were suspended in 3% bovine serum albumin in Tris-buffered Hanks' and incubated...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(87)90130-1
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that culture supernatants of LPS-stimulated murine splenic B lymphocytes (BLPSSN) are able to inhibit the growth of freshly isolated B cells via an IgM antibody. In this work we investigated the progress of LPS-activated B lymphocytes through the cell cycle in the presence of this an...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(92)90070-5
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell clone that recognized HIV p24gag was isolated from an infected individual. The minimal epitope was localized to amino acids 308-316 (QASQEVKNW). Using allogeneic target cells, we found that lysis was restricted by the HLA-Cw0401 molecule. We observed that C1R cells, that express the HLA-Cw0401 ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(97)02696-5
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Direct interaction between Fusobacterium nucleatum and human neutrophils resulted in the secretion of a neutrophil self-regulatory factor(s). The secretion of this factor was bacteria specific, and depended on the integrity of the bacteria cell surface. Factor secretion occurred within 15 min of bacteria--neutrophil i...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(87)90086-1
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An isogenic pair of virulent and avirulent Yersinia enterocolitica O9 strains was used to examine the influence of the virulence plasmid on the non-specific modification of the cellular immunity in BALB/c mice after experimental infection with yersiniae. The modification of contact hypersensitivity response to dinitro...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(95)02481-6
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have implicated a role for the cell surface glycoprotein CD44 in lymphocyte differentiation, adhesion to the matrix, homing, activation and apoptosis. However, the requirement of CD44 in B cell maturation remains elusive. To address this point, we analyzed the generation and activation of B lymphocytes...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2004.06.004
更新日期：2004-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:CD70, the ligand of CD27, is a member of the TNF family, which includes molecules essential in the regulation of lymphocyte growth and survival. It is absent on resting lymphocytes but can be induced in vitro with activating stimuli. To extend information about its expression by different T-cell subpopulations, and it...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(96)02693-4
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vitamin D (vitD) is involved in important regulatory functions of the innate and adaptive immune system. So, it has been hypothesized that vitD might influence the course of atopic dermatitis (AD). Also obesity may have impact on immune system. The aim of our study was to investigate vitamin D status and bod...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2016.11.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibody-like molecules were formed by artificial recombination of proteolytic IgG fragments (Fab' with anti-SRBC activity, and Fc) and used for studies concerning the complement fixation. Such molecules, when composed of single Fab' bound to Fc fragment appeared inactive, while species containing two Fab' fragments r...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(82)90052-9
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To test whether apoptotic thymocytes can be identified by altered packing of lipids in their plasma membranes, thymocytes were isolated from mice injected with hydrocortisone and stained with merocyanine 540 (MC540), a fluorescent probe sensitive to lipid packing. At 9-10 h after injection, a subpopulation of H2-Klo c...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(93)90101-7
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clone C19 derived from a rat bladder cancer cell line BC31ad constitutively released cytotoxic factor RCF. The serum-free C19-conditioned medium was partially purified by DEAE-Sephacel, Sephacryl S-200 and MonoQ-FPLC chromatographies to the specific activity of 6.4 x 10(6) U/mg protein (LM assay). RCF was a 17-kDa pro...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(94)90051-5
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Naive CD4 T cells differentiate into functionally distinct T helper (Th) cells subsets or into regulatory T (Treg) cells in response to the cytokine milieu in which they encounter antigen. A recurring theme in post-thymic CD4 T cell differentiation is the cross-regulation of lineage choice by cytokines and transcripti...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2008.11.001
更新日期：2009-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Even though IgA is considered to play an important role in immunity, surprisingly little is known about the presence of IgA Fc receptor (Fc alpha R)-expressing effector cells in tissues. Difficulties in obtaining human tissue macrophages, led us to study peritoneal macrophages in a human Fc alpha RI transgenic (Tg) mo...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(99)00034-6
更新日期：1999-05-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Interferon inducible transmembrane protein (IFITM) family genes have been implicated in several cellular processes such as the homotypic cell adhesion functions of IFNs and cellular anti-proliferative activities. We previously showed that the IFITM3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with susceptibility...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2013.09.026
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral vaccine responsiveness is often lower in children from less developed countries. Childhood malnutrition may be associated with poor immune response to oral vaccines. The present study was designed to investigate whether protein energy malnutrition (PEM) impairs B cell immunity and ultimately reduces oral vaccine ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2017.08.025
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NK-like T cells which express the NK1.1 molecule and CD3 (or TCR) of intermediate level (CD3int or TCRint cells) were recently demonstrated to be present in various immune organs, and to have NK-like cytotoxic activity against NK target cells. In this study, we investigated whether NK1.1- T cells could express NK1.1. ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(98)00014-5
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of impressive results in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic B cell leukemia (B-ALL) with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, the clinical outcome of some hematological cancers like follicular lymphoma (FL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has not been very promising likely due to immunosuppressiv...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2020.04.005
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protozoa of the genus Leishmania are intracellular parasites of macrophages and may cause diverse clinical forms of leishmaniasis, including cutaneous, diffuse cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Infection with L. major in mice indicates that a protective immune response is achieved when Th1 cells are...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2005.12.002
更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymocyte development requires an integration of extracellular cues to enforce lineage commitment at multiple defined checkpoints in a stage-specific manner. Critical signals from the pre-TCR, Notch, and the receptor for interleukin-7 (IL-7) dictate cellular differentiation from the CD4(-)CD8(-) (double negative) stag...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent data suggests that autoimmune factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this context several autoantigens have been shown to elicit an immune response that results in accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation. In the present study, we investigated whether elevated titers of an...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(99)00050-4
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Graft failure (GF) following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in man is usually attributed to allograft rejection; however, other mechanisms of GF exist. Exposure of the developing allograft to viruses, myelotoxic drugs, and damage to the host-derived marrow stroma during graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) may all caus...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(91)90204-n
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Partially purified IgE receptor(s) of rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL) designated R and H and having apparent molecular weight of 45,000 and 55,000 daltons, respectively, were subjected to proteolysis with papain. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the digests in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate revealed a...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(82)90029-3
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although there is growing evidence that NKT cells play an important role in various immune responses through the invariant T cell receptor, other cell surface molecules responsible for their function are not fully understood. Here we study the role of ICOS, the third member of the CD28 family of costimulatory receptor...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2009.11.002
更新日期：2010-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Sera from 2 subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) patients were absorbed with a concentrated preparation of measles virus. Measles-specific IgG was eluted from the precipitates containing measles antigen-antibody complex. These IgGs, when subjected to immunofixation after isoelectric focusing showed a number of o...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(82)90002-5
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estimation of a content of secondary structures from amino acid composition of IL-2 (TCGF), PDGF and transforming protein p28sis of simian sarcoma virus by means of the previously suggested nomograms (V.P. Zav'yalov and A.I. Denesyuk (1982) Immunol. Lett. 4, 7-14) allowed us to conclude that a dominant secondary struc...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(85)90178-6
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several recent studies have shown that the antigen receptors (mIgM and mIgD) on normal B cell surfaces are part of larger multimolecular complexes, as each is noncovalently coupled to at least two other proteins whose phosphorylation is inducible upon G protein activation. However, B cell receptor complexes appear to ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(92)90050-x
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal. ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 撤回出版物
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2017.08.015
更新日期：2017-08-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional indirect haemagglutination test was performed in rhesus monkey sera (collected from Plasmodium knowlesi infected animals) with and without prior treatment of sera with 2-mercapto-ethanol (2-ME). Surprisingly, many sera samples showed significant enhancement of final titre with 2-ME. The 2-ME enhancement e...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(84)90090-7
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of asthma and allergic disease has increased in many countries and there has been speculation that immunization promotes allergic sensitization. Bordetella pertussis infection exacerbates allergic asthmatic responses. We investigated whether whole-cell pertussis vaccine (Pw) enhanced or prevented B. per...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2004.10.011
更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrous plaques and intimal thickenings of 5 femoral and 5 iliac human arteries obtained at surgery were processed for indirect and double-labeling immunoelectron microscopy using an affinity purified rabbit IgG anti-C5b-9 neoantigen and the EBM 11 monoclonal antibody anti-human macrophages. The C5b-9 complexes were l...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(89)90039-4
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
