Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopies for tissue diagnostics: fluorescence spectroscopy and elastic-scattering spectroscopy.

abstract：:This paper discusses the effect of blood perfusion on the ablation of rat liver tissue with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). For this study a practical method has been developed, in which the liver blood flow can be reduced by ligation of the hepatic artery and portal vein. During the treatment the rat liver ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Chen L,ter Haar G,Hill CR,Dworkin M,Carnochan P,Young H,Bensted JP

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A micro beam synchrotron x-ray fluorescence (muSRXRF) technique has been used to determine the localization of metals in primary invasive ductal carcinoma of breast. Nine samples were examined, all of which were formalin fixed tissues arranged as micro arrays of 1.0 mm diameter and 10 microm thickness. Cu was the part...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Farquharson MJ,Al-Ebraheem A,Falkenberg G,Leek R,Harris AL,Bradley DA

更新日期：2008-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A micro-multileaf collimator (microMLC) for stereotactic radiosurgery is used for determination of the spatial intensity distribution of the photon source of a linear accelerator. The method is based on grid field dose measurements using film dosimetry and is easy to perform. Since the microMLC does not allow 'direct'...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Treuer H,Hoevels M,Luyken K,Hunsche S,Kocher M,Müller RP,Sturm V

更新日期：2003-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study is to calculate Pareto surfaces in multi-criteria radiation treatment planning and to analyse the dependency of the Pareto surfaces on the objective functions used for the volumes of interest. We develop a linear approach that allows us to calculate truly Pareto optimal treatment plans, and w...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Craft D,Halabi T,Bortfeld T

更新日期：2005-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The total ionisation produced by ions stopped in nitrogen, methane and carbon dioxide has been measured in the energy range 25-375 keV using a chamber described previously. The chamber was operated alternately as a proportional counter and as an ionisation chamber to measure respectively the particle rate and the tota...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Nguyen VD,Chemtob M,Chary J,Posny F,Parmentier N

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ho-166 is a combined beta-gamma emitter of which the betas can be used therapeutically. From the 81 keV gammas of Ho-166, SPECT images can be obtained, which give opportunities to guide Ho-166 therapy. Accurate reconstruction of Ho-166 images is currently hampered by photopeak-scatter in the patient, down-scatter in t...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： de Wit TC,Xiao J,Nijsen JF,van het Schip FD,Staelens SG,van Rijk PP,Beekman FJ

更新日期：2006-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In carbon-ion radiotherapy, single-beam delivery each day in alternate directions has been common practice for efficient operation, taking advantage of the Bragg peak and the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for uniform dose conformation to a tumor. Treatments are usually fractionated and treatment plans are ev...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Kanematsu N,Inaniwa T

更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro dielectric properties of ageing porcine tissues were measured in the frequency range of 50 MHz-20 GHz, and the total combined uncertainties of the measurements were assessed. The results show statistically significant reduction with age in both permittivity and conductivity of 10 out of 15 measured tissues. A...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Peyman A,Gabriel C,Grant EH,Vermeeren G,Martens L

更新日期：2009-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of photons emitted in optical fibres under proton irradiation has been attributed to either entirely Čerenkov radiation or light consisting of fluorescence with a substantial amount of Čerenkov radiation. The source of the light emission is assessed in order to understand why the signal from optical fibres ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Brage Christensen J,Almhagen E,Nyström H,Andersen CE

更新日期：2018-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic resonance imaging is effective for non-invasive detection of myocardial diseases by extracellular volume fraction (ECV) estimation. A new methodology for T1 and ECV mapping is tested in this work, comparing results with other well-consolidated methods. The associated level of uncertainty for data was also est...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Borrazzo C,Pacilio M,Galea N,Preziosi E,Carnì M,Francone M,Catalano C,Carbone I

更新日期：2019-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a model using Monte Carlo methods to simulate x-ray mammography. All possible physical processes of interaction of x-rays with matter have been taken into account. A simplified geometry of the mammographic apparatus has been considered along with a software phantom of compressed breast. The phantom m...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Spyrou G,Tzanakos G,Bakas A,Panayiotakis G

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Registration of different imaging modalities such as CT, MRI, functional MRI (fMRI), positron (PET) and single photon (SPECT) emission tomography is used in many clinical applications. Determining the quality of any automatic registration procedure has been a challenging part because no gold standard is available to e...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ceylan C,van der Heide UA,Bol GH,Lagendijk JJ,Kotte AN

更新日期：2005-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In magnetic resonance (MR) guided radiotherapy, the magnetic field-dependent change in the dose response of ionization chambers is typically included by means of a correction factor [Formula: see text]. This factor can be determined experimentally or calculated by means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. To date, a smal...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Pojtinger S,Kapsch RP,Dohm OS,Thorwarth D

更新日期：2019-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A water calorimeter has been used for the direct measurement of absorbed dose to water in a d(15) + Be neutron beam. The absorbed dose measured with the calorimeter was compared with that measured with an Exradin ionisation chamber, constructed of A-150 plastic. The doses measured by the ionisation chamber were calcul...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Galloway G,Greening JR,Williams JR

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This work is a follow-up study for a recently-proposed 3D radiochromic gel dosimeter that contains a tetrazolium salt and a physical gel matrix made of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127). Several tetrazolium salts were examined in this work, including tetrazoli...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Kwiatos K,Maras P,Kadlubowski S,Stempień Z,Dudek M,Kozicki M

更新日期：2018-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:For low-energy (up to 150 kV) x-rays, the ratio of mass-energy absorption coefficients for water to air, (mu(en)/rho)w.air, and the backscatter factor B are used in the conversion of air kerma, measured free-in-air, to water kerma on the surface of a water phantom. For clinical radiotherapy, similar conversion factors...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ma CM,Seuntjens JP

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction cookers are a type of cooking appliance that uses an intermediate-frequency magnetic field to heat the cooking vessel. The magnetic flux density produced by an induction cooker during operation was measured according to the EN 62233 standard, and the measured values were below the limits set in the standard....

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Kos B,Valič B,Miklavčič D,Kotnik T,Gajšek P

更新日期：2011-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The 50-year tenure of Physics in Medicine and Biology has coincided with some of the most important developments in radiological science, including the introduction of artificial radioactivity, computers and 3D imaging into medicine. These events have profoundly influenced the development of brachytherapy. Although it...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Williamson JF

更新日期：2006-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates the oxygen mass transport in the region around the human carotid bifurcation, particularly addressing the effects of bifurcation geometry and pulsatile blood flow on the oxygen transport between the blood flow and artery wall tissue, coupled with the metabolic oxygen consumption and oxygen diff...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Tada S

更新日期：2010-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the influence of the inter- and intra-observer segmentation variation of tumors and organs at risk on the simulated temperature coverage of the target. CT scans of six patients with tumors in the pelvic region acquired for radiotherapy treatment planning were use...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Aklan B,Hartmann J,Zink D,Siavooshhaghighi H,Merten R,Putz F,Ott O,Fietkau R,Bert C

更新日期：2017-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-pure positron emitters, with their long half-lives, allow for the tracing of slow biochemical processes which cannot be adequately examined by the commonly used short-lived positron emitters. Most of these isotopes emit high-energy cascade gamma rays in addition to positron decay that can be detected and create a ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Lin HH,Chuang KS,Chen SY,Jan ML

更新日期：2016-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic pulses of nanosecond duration, or nanopulses, have recently been approved by the Federal Communications Commission for a number of different applications. They are also being explored for applications in biotechnology and medicine. The simulation of the propagation of a nanopulse t...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Simicevic N

更新日期：2005-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is presented as a statistical tool to evaluate the contribution of measurement error to any measurement series where the same quantity is measured using different independent methods. The technique was tested against artificial data sets; generated for values of underlying variation...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Sage JP,Mayles WP,Mayles HM,Syndikus I

更新日期：2014-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study is to develop an adaptive prior knowledge guided image estimation technique to reduce the scan angle needed in the limited-angle intrafraction verification (LIVE) system for 4D-CBCT reconstruction. The LIVE system has been previously developed to reconstruct 4D volumetric images on-the-fly du...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Zhang Y,Yin FF,Zhang Y,Ren L

更新日期：2017-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluence to organ-dose and effective-dose conversion coefficients for neutrons and protons with energies up to 100 GeV was calculated using the PHITS code coupled to male and female adult reference computational phantoms, which are to be released as a common ICRP/ICRU publication. For the calculation, the radiation...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Sato T,Endo A,Zankl M,Petoussi-Henss N,Niita K

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Dental tomographic cone-beam x-ray imaging devices record truncated projections and reconstruct a region of interest (ROI) inside the head. Image reconstruction from the resulting local tomography data is an ill-posed inverse problem. A new Bayesian multiresolution method is proposed for local tomography reconstructio...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Niinimäki K,Siltanen S,Kolehmainen V

更新日期：2007-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The function of the placenta is challenging to characterize and as a result is understudied, despite the growing awareness of the impact of the placental environment on human health and development. Medical imaging has the potential to improve our ability to screen for diseases associated with placental insufficiency,...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Wu C,Bayer CL

更新日期：2018-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In this note a technique is described for direct aperture optimization of components deliverable by a variable aperture collimator (VAC) for intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The first key result found was that, provided a large number of VAC components were selected for optimization, the resulting fluence profil...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Webb S

更新日期：2004-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed an impedance magnetocardiogram (IMCG) system to detect the change of magnetic field corresponding to changes in blood volume in the heart. A low magnetic field from the electrical activity of the human heart--the so-called magnetocardiogram (MCG)--can be simultaneously detected by using this system. ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Kandori A,Miyashita T,Suzuki D,Yokosawa K,Tsukada K

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast MRI is frequently performed prior to breast conserving surgery in order to assess the location and extent of the lesion. Ideally, the surgeon should also be able to use the image information during surgery to guide the excision and this requires that the MR image is co-registered to conform to the patient's pos...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ebrahimi M,Siegler P,Modhafar A,Holloway CM,Plewes DB,Martel AL

更新日期：2014-04-07 00:00:00