Abstract:
:Expert witness opinion based on the comparison of images has been accepted by UK courts as admissible evidence in relation to issues of identity. Within images of the hand are a multiplicity of anatomical features of different aetiology, incidence and distribution patterns and this includes melanocytic nevi, referred to more colloquially as moles and/or birthmarks. The hand is not a common place for these isolated features to develop and so their presence in this anatomical region has the potential to be useful for issues of identity. The results of this study show that approximately 9 % of individuals in a sample of 476 hands, displayed at least one nevus on the back of their hand and, contrary to the literature, the incidence was found to be greater in females (15 % of female cohort) than males (7 % of male cohort). Almost a third of all nevi identified on the dorsum of the hand were abnormal or dysplastic. The most frequent location for these aggregations of melanocytes was in the central region of the dorsum of the hand or at the base of the index finger. The relevance of nevi identified in the image of a perpetrator's hand and also on that of a suspect/accused is discussed in relation to the issue of whether the images have originated from the same individual.
journal_name
Int J Legal Medjournal_title
International journal of legal medicineauthors
Black S,MacDonald-McMillan B,Mallett X,Rynn C,Jackson Gdoi
10.1007/s00414-013-0821-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
535-43issue
3eissn
0937-9827issn
1437-1596journal_volume
128pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A short tandem repeat at the D1S1656 locus was sequenced in 45 selected alleles and 13 different alleles were found which were designated according to the total number of repeats. This STR is a compound hypervariable STR consisting of blocks of (TAGR) repeats with a basic sequence structure (TAGA)4(TGA)0-1(TAGA)6-16(T...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050161
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methadone plays an increasing role in drug-related deaths in Hamburg. To find out whether intravenous application of methadone plays a relevant role in methadone-related deaths, body fluids of all methadone-positive cases (n=130) and three buprenorphine-positive cases where a urine sample was available (n=58+3) were i...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1017-x
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::(-)-Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-Δ-9-THC) is the main psychoactive constituent in cannabis. During phase I metabolism, it is metabolized to (-)-11-hydroxy-Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-11-OH-Δ-9-THC), which is psychoactive, and to (-)-11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-Δ-9-THC-COOH), which is psychoinacti...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02387-w
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns indicative of vaginal injury were identified in extracts of a bloodstain on a pair of knickers belonging to a 4-year-old girl. No evidence of semen or saliva was detected in the stain. The result corroborated the clinical findings and provided strong evidence of child sexual ab...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01625173
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blunt force is a frequently used type of violence especially because it can be performed with basically every object of our daily lives or with bare hands or feet. The injuries and medical consequences have been widely examined, whereas the forces and especially the energies acting on impact have rarely been analyzed....
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-017-1689-0
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development rate of immature Calliphora vicina reared on decomposed liver was significantly slower, by as much as 30 h (55.4 % of total development time) for mid-sized larvae, and 71 h (35.0 %) and 58 h (14.6 %) if using times to the onset of pupariation and eclosion, respectively, than those of immatures that dev...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0697-3
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 49-year-old white male was found lying unconscious at home. He had vomited, his mouth was filled with a white foam and a pungent odour filled the room. After emergency treatment blood, urine and stomach contents were screened for drugs after acid and alkaline extraction with subsequent derivatisation and GC-MS analy...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050080
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the quantity of D-aspartic acid (degree of racemization of aspartic acid) in the enamel of different types of teeth from the same individual. We studied the correlation between the degree of racemization and the time of formation of each particular tooth, as well as the applicability of the degree of racem...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-004-0506-8
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unique case of a 50-year-old known alcoholic whose corpse was exhumed 27 years after death is reported. The man apparently committed suicide by hanging, but many years later the case was questioned and homicide-linked to a long-lasting serial killer case-was suspected. Thus, the corpse was exhumed, and at the auto...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0273-z
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ion AmpliSeq™ HID single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel, a primer pool of 103 autosomal SNPs and 33 Y-SNPs, was evaluated using the Ion 314™ Chip on the Ion PGM™ Sequencer with four DNA samples. The study focused on the sequencing of DNA at three different initial target quantities, related interpretation iss...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-013-0879-7
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case report of a 25-year-old man who committed suicide by intravenous injection himself of an aqueous home-made castor bean extract is presented. The patient was hospitalized and treated symptomatically and was released at its own request fourth day after intoxication. The next day, the patient's condition deteriora...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02340-x
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Species identification from hair has been performed in the past by several techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. Despite the great promise of mass spectrometry herein, the repetitive glycine stretches and the evolutionary conserved sequences of keratins make the results from c...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1008-y
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether an individual has reached the age of 18 is of crucial importance in forensic age estimation practice. In some countries, the age threshold of 21 years is relevant as well. A completed mineralization of third molars is not a sufficient criterion for a diagnosis of a minimum age of 18 years with ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-009-0415-y
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blank cartridge guns are generally regarded as being harmless and are not considered to be firearms in most countries. A comparison of the legal situations in Germany and Austria concerning weapons is given. There have been several reports of serious injuries and even fatalities due to these weapons. Ballistic experim...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050156
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 17 Y-specific STR loci were studied in 12 districts of the European part of Russia aiming to ascertain the amount of substructure required for the construction of a representative regional database. All groups exhibited high haplotype diversities but low inter-population variance as measured by an analysis ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0222-2
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to establish a reliable age indicator in the period when all other epiphyseal age indicators have already been inactivated, medial clavicle as the bone with the longest period of growth became the object of various investigations. However, the lack of population-specific method often made it unreliable in som...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0791-6
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limited genetic marker information can be obtained from saliva by typing by conventional serological means. Thus, the application of PCR-based DNA typing methods was investigated as a potential approach for typing genetic markers in saliva. DNA was isolated from 200 cigarettes smoked by 10 different individuals (20 ci...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01369812
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, the amelogenin gene is present on both the X and the Y chromosomes. However, there are size differences in this gene between these chromosomes, which have been utilised for sexing in forensic casework and prenatal diagnosis. Our study using the AmpFl STR Profiler Plus kit, showed a deletion of Y chromosome-...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-001-0262-y
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies show that ethyl glucuronide (EtG) can be decomposed by bacteria; whilst so far no degradation of ethyl sulphate (EtS) has been observed. In the present study, in vitro experiments with bacterial colonies were performed. Bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Clostridium sordellii) were isola...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0229-3
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequencies of 15 STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA) were determined in a sample of 163 unrelated individuals from the Republic of Macedonia. AmpFISTR Identifiler Kit (Applied Biosystems) was used for PCR amplificatio...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-005-0025-2
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In sauna-associated deaths, the vitality of heat exposure is of great importance. Two case reports address this. First, we present the case of a 77-year-old man who was found dead in the sauna of his family home. When found, the sauna door was closed, and the sauna indicated a temperature of 78 °C. The body had alread...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-021-02504-3
更新日期:2021-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Establishing individuality is an imperative aspect in any investigation procedure. At times, it becomes necessary to determine the sex of the individual to establish identity, and saliva stains found at the scene of crime are of major help in such cases. In the present study, we have determined the sex of the individu...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0285-8
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, radiographical identification has been done by comparing conventional antemortem and postmortem X-ray images. The advent of new technologies such as multislice computed tomography (MSCT) is making traditional antemortem examination increasingly less frequent. The authors present the results of MSCT study...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0200-8
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urine samples from 20 male volunteers of European Caucasian origin were stored at 4 degrees C over a 4-month period in order to compare the identification potential of nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers. The amount of nDNA recovered from urines dramatically declined over time. Consequently, nDNA ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-005-0004-7
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Qualitative information on the sequence composition of the allele and locus structure of the X-STRs DXS8378, DXS9898, DXS6789, GATA31E08, and GATA172D05 was generated in this study. Sequence data were obtained from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and diverse human population groups including Africans, Caucasians, Asians...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-008-0303-x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To better characterize the morphologic changes in electrocution, morphologic changes in the hearts of 21 subjects, who died instantaneously of electrocution, were compared to the hearts of decedents with different types of death. Sixteen myocardial samples per heart were processed for histological examination, and sec...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-005-0011-8
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study 161 Japanese father/son haplotype transfers in 147 pedigrees were analyzed at 14 Y-STRs with two multiplex PCR-based typing systems. Five isolated single repeat mutations were identified at the DYS389I, DYS439, Y-GATA-H4, DYS389II and DYS391 loci, and a pedigree showing triple alleles at the DYS38...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-003-0422-3
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex estimation is a task of utmost importance in forensic anthropology and bioarcheology. Along with the pelvic bone, the skull is the most important source of sexual dimorphism. On the human skull, the upper third of the face (i.e., the frontal bone) is one of the most significant sexually dimorphic structures useful...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-019-02063-8
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequencies of the Short tandem repeat systems HumVWA and HumACTBP2 were determined from 105 unrelated individuals from the area of Szeged, Hungary. A total of 8 alleles was detected for VWA, and 23 alleles were found for ACTBP2. In both systems no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed. A com...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02432127
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medico-legal experts are increasingly enlisted to assess the methamphetamine and amphetamine serum concentrations after a criminal offense. However, since criminal users rarely provide useful information to medico-legal experts regarding the substances abused, when the substance(s) was/were used, dose of ingestion too...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-017-1607-5
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00