Abstract：
:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from death of insulin-secreting β cells mediated by self-immune cells, and the consequent inability of the body to maintain insulin levels for appropriate glucose homeostasis. Probably initiated by environmental factors, this disease takes place in genetically predisposed individuals. Given the autoimmune nature of T1DM, therapeutics targeting immune cells involved in disease progress have been explored over the last decade. Several high-cost trials have been attempted to prevent and/or reverse T1DM. Although a definitive solution to cure T1DM is not yet available, a large amount of information about its nature and development has contributed greatly to both the improvement of patient's health care and design of new treatments. In this study, we discuss the role of different types of immune cells involved in T1DM pathogenesis and their therapeutic potential as targets and/or modified tools to treat patients. Recently, encouraging results and new approaches to sustain remnant β cell mass and to increase β cell proliferation by different cell-based means have emerged. Results coming from ongoing clinical trials employing cell therapy designed to arrest T1DM will probably proliferate in the next few years. Strategies under consideration include infusion of several types of stem cells, dendritic cells and regulatory T cells, either manipulated genetically ex vivo or non-manipulated. Their use in combination approaches is another therapeutic alternative. Cell-based interventions, without undesirable side effects, directed to block the uncontrollable autoimmune response may become a clinical reality in the next few years for the treatment of patients with T1DM.
journal_name
Clin Exp Immunoljournal_title
Clinical and experimental immunologyauthors
Barcala Tabarrozzi AE,Castro CN,Dewey RA,Sogayar MC,Labriola L,Perone MJdoi
10.1111/cei.12019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
135-46issue
2eissn
0009-9104issn
1365-2249journal_volume
171pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Complement activation may play an important role in renal injury associated with glomerular deposition of IgA immune complexes. The ability of naturally occurring human IgA immune complexes (IgA-IC) and covalently cross-linked human IgA oligomers (X-IgA) to activate complement were examined in vitro and in vivo. Large...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A purified preparation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been shown to activate the classical complement pathway by direct interaction with the first component of complement, C1, without the intervention of antibody. No evidence was found for activation of the alternative pathway. Following classical pathway activation ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05761.x
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 11 genetic causes of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) have been identified, affecting development and/or function of T lymphocytes, and sometimes B lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. Deletion of 22q11.2 is associated with immunodeficiency, although less than 1% of cases are associated with T-B...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03681.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many cellular stresses and inflammatory stimuli can activate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a serine/threonine kinase in the MAPK family. The different stimuli act via different receptors or signalling pathways to induce phosphorylation of the cytosolic protein p47(phox), one subunit of the nicotinamide ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04111.x
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) is frequently found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the pathogenesis of ACD both cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1 and IL-6 as well as a relative deficiency of erythropoietin (EPO), are thought to play a key role. In the present study the role of IL-6 i...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-622.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to Salmonella typhi were studied in 10 chronic typhoid carriers, and in healthy controls. Carriers showed impaired cellular reactivity to S. typhi antigens in the leucocyte migration inhibition test (LMI). Carriers did not show a generalized depression of cell-mediated immuni...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cei.12858
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03375.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02681.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.1990.tb08097.x
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum factors activating the alternative pathway of complement in vitro, independent of classical pathway activation was demonstrated in six of eleven patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These serum factors were detected by lysis of gluthathione-sensitized human erythrocytes and by C3 and factor B conver...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb03365.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03283.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02792.x
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cei.12723
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb05873.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03073.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibodies against cytomegalovirus-specific early antigens (CMV-EA) were followed in sera, obtained from fifteen immunosuppressed renal-allograft recipients. Eight patients (sixty-two sera) showed seroconversion 47--137 days post-transplantation. Five patients (forty sera) with CMV antibodies at the moment of renal im...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00
