Abstract:
:Dormant bacterial spores are extraordinarily resistant to environmental insults and are vectors of various illnesses. However, spores cannot cause disease unless they germinate and become vegetative cells. The molecular details of initiation of germination are not understood, but proteins essential in early stages of germination, such as nutrient germinant receptors (GRs) and GerD, are located in the spore inner membrane. In this study, we examine how these germination proteins are organized in dormant Bacillus subtilis spores by expressing fluorescent protein fusions that were at least partially functional and observing spores by fluorescence microscopy. We show that GRs and GerD colocalize primarily to a single cluster in dormant spores, reminiscent of the organization of chemoreceptor signalling complexes in Escherichia coli. GRs require all their subunits as well as GerD for clustering, and also require diacylglycerol addition to GerD and GRs' C protein subunits. However, different GRs cluster independently of each other, and GerD forms clusters in the absence of all the GRs. We predict that the clusters represent a functional germination unit or 'germinosome' in the spore inner membrane that is necessary for rapid and cooperative response to nutrients, as conditions known to block nutrient germination also disrupt the protein clusters.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Griffiths KK,Zhang J,Cowan AE,Yu J,Setlow Pdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07753.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-08-01 00:00:00pages
1061-77issue
4eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
81pub_type
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