Direct observation of speed fluctuations of flagellar motor rotation at extremely low load close to zero.

abstract：:Lyme disease is a tick-transmitted infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Ticks deposit B. burgdorferi into the dermis of the host, where they eventually become associated with collagen fibres. We demonstrated previously that B. burgdorferi is unable to bind collagen, but can bind the collagen-associ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Guo BP,Brown EL,Dorward DW,Rosenberg LC,Höök M

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for a cell-surface protein antigen (PAc) of Streptococcus mutans MT8148 (serotype c) was determined. The pac gene consisted of 4695 bp and coded for a 170773D protein. The pac gene product contained a putative 38 amino acid signal peptide, resulting in a 166817D mature prot...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Okahashi N,Sasakawa C,Yoshikawa M,Hamada S,Koga T

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tetA(L) gene of Bacillus subtilis encodes a transmembrane protein that can function as a Tc-metal/H+ antiporter, conferring low-level resistance to tetracycline. The TetA(L) coding sequence is preceded by a leader region that contains a 20-amino-acid open reading frame and an appropriately spaced ribosome binding ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Stasinopoulos SJ,Farr GA,Bechhofer DH

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of a 2711bp DNA segment which contains the N-terminal coding sequence and the 5' flanking region of a crystal protein gene (bta) from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.29 has been determined. The coding region encodes an 824 amino-acid polypeptide corresponding to a carboxy-terminally tru...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Sanchis V,Lereclus D,Menou G,Chaufaux J,Guo S,Lecadet MM

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of biofilm results in a major lifestyle switch that is thought to affect the expression of multiple genes and operons. We used DNA arrays to study the global effect of biofilm formation on gene expression in mature Escherichia coli K-12 biofilm. We show that, when biofilm is compared with the exponential...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Beloin C,Valle J,Latour-Lambert P,Faure P,Kzreminski M,Balestrino D,Haagensen JA,Molin S,Prensier G,Arbeille B,Ghigo JM

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:P66 is a Borrelia burgdorferi surface protein with β₃ integrin binding and channel forming activities. In this study, the role of P66 in mammalian and tick infection was examined. B. burgdorferiΔp66 strains were not infectious in wild-type, TLR2⁻/⁻- or MyD88⁻/⁻-deficient mice. Strains with p66 restored to the chromoso...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Ristow LC,Miller HE,Padmore LJ,Chettri R,Salzman N,Caimano MJ,Rosa PA,Coburn J

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present structural and biochemical evidence for a redox switch in the archaeal transcriptional regulator SurR of Pyrococcus furiosus, a hyperthermophilic anaerobe. P. furiosus produces H(2) during fermentation, but undergoes a metabolic shift to produce H(2) S when elemental sulfur (S(0) ) becomes available. Change...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Yang H,Lipscomb GL,Keese AM,Schut GJ,Thomm M,Adams MW,Wang BC,Scott RA

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent progress in the analysis of mutants of the Escherichia coli lactose carrier function is reviewed, with special emphasis on the structural basis for energy barriers which prevent 'forbidden' conformational changes. Mutations which break down the barriers to forbidden isomerizations involving the binary carrier:s...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： King SC,Wilson TH

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the characterization of the msbA gene, isolated as a multicopy suppressor of the HtrB temperature-sensitive phenotype. The msbA gene maps to 20.5 min on the Escherichia coli genetic map and encodes a protein with an estimated molecular mass of 64,460 Da, with the properties of an integral membrane protein. T...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Karow M,Georgopoulos C

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli rpsD12 allele, which reduces translational fidelity and elevates expression of heat shock protein (Hsp) genes, only enhanced Hsp gene expression in the presence of oxygen. Similarly, the rpsL141 allele, which reduces mistranslation and Hsp gene expression, failed to affect the Hsp regulon in cells...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Fredriksson A,Ballesteros M,Dukan S,Nyström T

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) and the SMC-interacting kleisin protein families have key functions in the chromosome organization of most organisms. Here, we report that the Bacillus subtilis kleisin, ScpA, can form a ternary complex with the SMC and ScpB proteins in a yeast tri-hybrid assay, supporting th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Dervyn E,Noirot-Gros MF,Mervelet P,McGovern S,Ehrlich SD,Polard P,Noirot P

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two pathogenic species within the genus Neisseria cause the diseases gonorrhoea and meningitis. While vaccines are available to protect against four N. meningitidis serogroups, there is currently no commercial vaccine to protect against serogroup B or against N. gonorrhoeae. Moreover, the available vaccines have signi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Noinaj N,Buchanan SK,Cornelissen CN

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are protein injection devices essential for the interaction of many Gram-negative bacteria with eukaryotic cells. While Shigella assembles its T3SS when the environmental conditions are appropriate for invasion, secretion is only activated after physical contact with a host cell. Fir...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Roehrich AD,Guillossou E,Blocker AJ,Martinez-Argudo I

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early diverged extant organisms, which may serve as convenient laboratory models to look for and study evolutionary ancient features of eukaryotic cell biology, are rare. The diplomonad Giardia intestinalis, a protozoan parasite known to cause diarrhoeal disease, has become an increasingly popular object of basic rese...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hehl AB,Marti M

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell differentiation is widespread during the development of multicellular organisms, but rarely observed in prokaryotes. One example of prokaryotic differentiation is the gram-negative bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. In response to starvation, this gliding bacterium initiates a complex developmental programme that resu...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hoiczyk E,Ring MW,McHugh CA,Schwär G,Bode E,Krug D,Altmeyer MO,Lu JZ,Bode HB

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli has two heat shock regulons under the transcriptional control of Esigma32 and EsigmaE RNA polymerases. These polymerases control the expression of genes, the products of which are needed for correct folding of proteins in the cytoplasm and the extracytoplasm respectively. In this study, we report that...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Klein G,Dartigalongue C,Raina S

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Linear plasmids and chromosomes of Streptomyces carry terminal proteins (TPs) covalently attached to the 5' ends of the DNA. Most known telomeres are conserved in primary sequence and in the potential secondary structures formed during replication. The TP that caps these telomeres is also highly conserved and its codi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Huang CH,Tsai HH,Tsay YG,Chien YN,Wang SL,Cheng MY,Ke CH,Chen CW

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli rodA and ftsW genes and the spoVE gene of Bacillus subtilis encode membrane proteins that control peptidoglycan synthesis during cellular elongation, division and sporulation respectively. While rodA and ftsW are essential genes in E. coli, the B. subtilis spoVE gene is dispensable for growth and ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Henriques AO,Glaser P,Piggot PJ,Moran CP Jr

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sphingomyelin is the main sphingolipid in Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness. In vitro and in vivo characterization of the T. brucei neutral sphingomyelinase demonstrates that it is directly involved in sphingomyelin catabolism. Gene knockout studies in the bloodstream form of the par...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Young SA,Smith TK

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disulfide bonds are found in many proteins associated with the cell wall of Escherichia coli, and for some of these proteins the disulfide bond is critical to their stability and function. One protein found to contain a disulfide bond is the essential cell division protein FtsN, but the importance of this bond to the ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Meehan BM,Landeta C,Boyd D,Beckwith J

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gram-negative bacteria have evolved numerous pathways to secrete proteins across their complex cell envelopes. Here, we describe a protein secretion system that uses a holin membrane protein in tandem with a cell wall-editing enzyme to mediate the secretion of substrate proteins from the periplasm to the cell exterior...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Palmer T,Finney AJ,Saha CK,Atkinson GC,Sargent F

更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the deoP2 promoter in Escherichia coli to define features important for its interaction with the CytR repressor. As is characteristic for CytR-regulated promoters, deoP2 encodes tandem binding sites for the activating complex cAMP-CRP. One of these sites, CRP-1, overlaps the - 35 region, and is suffici...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Sogaard-Andersen L,Mellegaard NE,Douthwaite SR,Valentin-Hansen P

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella Typhimurium causes bacterial enterocolitis. The type III secretion system (TTSS)-1 is a key virulence determinant of S. Typhimurium mediating host cell invasion and acute enterocolitis. The TTSS-1 effector protein SipA is transported into host cells, accumulates in characteristic foci at the bacteria-host c...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Schlumberger MC,Käppeli R,Wetter M,Müller AJ,Misselwitz B,Dilling S,Kremer M,Hardt WD

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Through trans-splicing of a 39-nt spliced leader (SL) onto each protein-coding transcript, mature kinetoplastid mRNA acquire a hypermethylated 5'-cap structure, but its function has been unclear. Gene deletions for three Trypanosoma brucei cap 2'-O-ribose methyltransferases, TbMTr1, TbMTr2 and TbMTr3, reveal distinct ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Zamudio JR,Mittra B,Campbell DA,Sturm NR

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli cells use two distinct sensory circuits during chemotaxis towards carbohydrates. One circuit requires the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) and is independent of any specific chemoreceptor, whereas the other uses a chemoreceptor-dependent sensory mechanism analogous to that...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Kristich CJ,Glekas GD,Ordal GW

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogen Vibrio cholerae modulates the expression of many genes in order to transition from its environmental reservoir to its niche in the human host. Among these are genes encoding two related Type IV pili, the mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (MSHA) pilus, which aids V. cholerae persistence in aquatic environme...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hsiao A,Toscano K,Zhu J

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell wall lipids of Mycobacterium tuberculosis containing multiple methylbranched fatty acids play critical roles in pathogenesis and thus offer targets for new antimycobacterial drugs. Mycocerosicacid synthase gene (mas) encodes the enzyme that produces one class of such acids. Seven mas-like genes (msls) were identi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Dubey VS,Sirakova TD,Kolattukudy PE

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Translating ribosomes require elongation factor P (EF-P) to incorporate consecutive prolines (XPPX) into nascent peptide chains. The proteome of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 contains a total of 1,468 XPPX motifs, many of which are found in proteins involved in primary and secondary metabolism. We show here th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Pinheiro B,Petrov DP,Guo L,Martins GB,Bramkamp M,Jung K

更新日期：2020-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:It has previously been proposed that Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S1 is required for the translation of highly structured mRNAs. In this study, we have examined the influence of structural features at or near the start codon of different mRNAs. The requirement for ribosomal protein S1 for translation initiation ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Tedin K,Resch A,Bläsi U

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chromosomal gef gene of Escherichia coli is a member of the gef gene family which encodes strongly toxic proteins of about 50 amino acids. We demonstrate here that the Gef protein is detectable by anti-peptide antibodies. Furthermore, we show that Gef is anchored in the cytoplasmic membrane by the N-terminal part ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Poulsen LK,Refn A,Molin S,Andersson P

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00