Abstract:
:We have demonstrated hypervariability of native short-motif repeats (microsatellites) in Escherichia coli. Twenty-five of the longest microsatellites in the E. coli genome were identified. These were analysed for length variability among 22 wild-type (non-mutator) isolates from the E. coli collection of reference (ECOR). Non-coding mononucleotide repeats are consistently polymorphic among these genetically diverse E. coli. Length differences in variable microsatellites allowed all E. coli strains examined to be uniquely differentiated. Phylogenetic analysis of the variable repeats shows ubiquitous homoplasy at the level of divergence represented by the sample set, suggesting that these markers are hypermutable and should prove valuable for the discrimination of closely related strains that are not otherwise genetically differentiable. Genomic analyses suggest that similar markers are also likely to be found in all other prokaryotes.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Metzgar D,Thomas E,Davis C,Field D,Wills Cdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02245.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-01-01 00:00:00pages
183-90issue
1eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958pii
mmi2245journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The small RNA, ArcZ (previously RyhA/SraH), was discovered in several genome-wide screens in Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Its high degree of genomic conservation, its frequent recovery by shotgun sequencing, and its association with the RNA chaperone, Hfq, identified ArcZ as an abundant enterobacterial 'core' smal...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06857.x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptomyces scabies is the best studied of those streptomycetes that cause an economically important disease known as potato scab. The phytotoxin thaxtomin is made exclusively by these pathogens and is required for virulence. Here we describe regulation of thaxtomin biosynthesis by TxtR, a member of the AraC/XylS fam...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05942.x
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pseudomonas aeruginosa protein PtxS negatively regulates its own synthesis by binding to the upstream region of its gene. We have recently identified a 14 bp palindromic sequence within the ptxS upstream region as the PtxS operator site (OP1). In this study, we searched the P. aeruginosa genomic sequence to determ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02012.x
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structural complexity of a ligand in association with the molecular chaperones SecB and SecA was investigated using three species of precursor maltose-binding protein, which differ in their stability as a result of an amino acid substitution in each that affects the rate of folding of the polypeptide. In the prese...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00695.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like other bacterial species, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has multiple sigma (sigma) factors encoded in its genome. In previously published work, we and others have shown that mutations in some of these transcriptional activators render M. tuberculosis sensitive to various environmental stresses and, in some cases, cau...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03005.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously characterized a defective-folding mutant of maltose-binding protein of Escherichia coli, MalE31, which formed periplasmic inclusion bodies. Here, we show that MalE31 aggregation does not affect bacterial growth at 30 degrees C but is lethal at 37 degrees C. Surprisingly, under mild heat shock conditions ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03785.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eeyarestatin 1 (ES1) is an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associated protein degradation, Sec61-dependent Ca2+ homeostasis and protein translocation into the ER. Recently, evidence was presented showing that a smaller analog of ES1, ES24, targets the Sec61-translocon, and captures it in an open conformation t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14589
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::NADPH oxidases (Nox) produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in multicellular eukaryotic organisms. They trigger defense reactions ('oxidative burst') - in phagocytes and plant cells -, and are involved in a broad range of differentiation processes. Fungal Nox-complexes play a central role in vegetative, sexual and path...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13391
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of small, multicopy plasmids from Gram-positive bacteria replicate by an asymmetric rolling-circle mechanism. Previous studies with several of these plasmids have identified a palindromic sequence, SSOA, that acts as the single-strand origin (SSO) for the replication of the lagging-strand DNA. Although not al...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02377.x
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apicomplexan parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii, apically attach to their host cells before invasion. Recent studies have implicated the contents of micronemes, which are small secretory organelles confined to the apical region of the parasite, in the process of host cell attachment. Here, we demonstrate that micr...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01174.x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fluidity and phase state of bacterial lipid bilayers commonly change in response to ambient environmental conditions to maintain the critical functions of the envelope as a semipermeable and selective boundary. A special, and intricate, set of alterations in membrane lipid metabolism is elicited by conditions caus...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00645.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned the rpoD gene encoding the principal sigma (sigma) factor of Helicobacter pylori. The deduced amino acid sequence reveals a predicted polypeptide of 676 residues that has amino acid homology with the principal sigma factors of a number of divergent prokaryotes. We have designated this factor sigma80. Am...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01043.x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::TOL plasmid pWW0 of Pseudomonas putida contains two operons that specify a pathway for the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The upper pathway operon encodes the enzymes for the oxidation of toluene/xylenes to benzoate/toluates, and the metacleavage pathway operon encodes the enzymes for the further oxidation of t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01222.x
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A two-hybrid approach was applied to screen for proteins with the ability to interact with PHB synthase (PhaC1) of Ralstonia eutropha. The H16_A0141 gene (phaM) was identified in the majority of positive clones. PhaM (26.6 kDa) strongly interacted with PhaC1 and with phasin PhaP5 but not with PhaP1 or other PHB granul...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07869.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa releases several extracellular proteins which are secreted via two independent secretion pathways. Alkaline protease (AprA) Is released by its own specific secretion machinery which is an ABC-transporter. Despite sequence similarities between components of ABC-transporters in different bacteria,...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02555.x
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria have obtained a variety of resistance mechanisms including toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems against bacteriophages (phages), whereas phages have also evolved to overcome bacterial anti-phage mechanisms. Dmd from T4 phage can suppress the toxicities of homologous toxins LsoA and RnlA from Escherichia coli, represe...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13420
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptomyces lividans has a novel DNA modification, which sensitises its DNA to degradation during electrophoresis (the Dnd phenotype). The entire gene cluster (dnd) involved in this modification was localized on an 8 kb DNA fragment and was expressed in a S. lividans deletion mutant (dnd) and in several heterologous ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04764.x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DnaA protein, which initiates chromosomal replication in Escherichia coli, is negatively regulated by both the sliding clamp of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme and the IdaB protein. We have found that, when the amount of minichromosome is limited in an in vitro replication system, minichromosomal replication-stimula...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02378.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription in vitro of two osmoregulated promoters, for the Escherichia coli osmB and osmY genes, was analysed using two species of RNA polymerase holoenzyme reconstituted from purified core enzyme and either sigma D (sigma 70, the major sigma in exponentially growing cells) or sigma S (sigma 38, the principal sigm...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02427.x
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial cytokinesis is orchestrated by an assembly of essential cell division proteins that form a supramolecular structure known as the divisome. DivIB and its orthologue FtsQ are essential members of the divisome in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively. DivIB is a bitopic membrane protein composed...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06114.x
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NAC (nitrogen assimilation control) protein from Klebsiella aerogenes is a LysR-like regulator for transcription of several operons involved in nitrogen metabolism, and couples the transcription of these sigma 70-dependent operons to regulation by the sigma 54-dependent NTR system. NAC activates expression of oper...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01965.x
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophages are present in virtually all ecosystems, and bacteria have developed multiple antiphage strategies to counter their attacks. Clostridium difficile is an important pathogen causing severe intestinal infections in humans and animals. Here we show that the conserved cell-surface protein CwpV provides antip...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13121
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative bacteria possess several envelope stress responses that detect and respond to damage to this critical cellular compartment. The σ(E) envelope stress response senses the misfolding of outer membrane proteins (OMPs), while the Cpx two-component system is believed to detect the misfolding of periplasmic and...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12581
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis requires expression of the eps and tapA-sipW-tasA operons to synthesize the extracellular matrix components, extracellular polysaccharide and TasA amyloid proteins, respectively. Expression of both operons is inhibited by the DNA-binding protein master regulator of biofilm format...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12235
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle in which four distinct developmental forms alternate between the insect vector and the mammalian host. It is assumed that replicating epimastigotes present in the insect gut are not infective to mammalian host, a paradigm corroborated b...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13653
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) controls the transition between sessility and motility in many bacterial species. This regulation is achieved by a variety of mechanisms including alteration of transcription initiation and inhibition of flagellar function. How c-di-GMP inhibits the motility of Vibrio cholerae has not been det...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12432
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MtrCDE multidrug pump, from Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is assembled from the inner and outer membrane proteins MtrD and MtrE, which are connected by the periplasmic membrane fusion protein MtrC. Although it is clear that MtrD delivers drugs to the channel of MtrE, it remains unclear how drug delivery and channel openi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12211
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymidylate, an essential building block of DNA, is synthesized either from deoxyuridylate by thymidylate synthase (TS) or thymidine (dT) by thymidine kinase (TK). Thymidylate kinase (TMPK) phosphorylates dTMP to dTTP. Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) catalyses reversible phosphorolysis of dT. Using transposon mutagenesis...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07298.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are the major bacterial cause of diarrhea in young children in developing countries and in travelers, causing significant mortality in children. Adhesive fimbriae are a prime virulence factor for ETEC, initiating colonization of the small intestinal epithelium. Simila...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12847
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterial genomes contain large sets of loci encoding membrane proteins that belong to a family of multidrug resistance pumps designated Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) permeases. Mycobacterial membrane protein Large (MmpL) transporters represent a subclass of RND transporters known to participate in the...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/mmi.13675
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00