Abstract：
:The NAC (nitrogen assimilation control) protein from Klebsiella aerogenes is a LysR-like regulator for transcription of several operons involved in nitrogen metabolism, and couples the transcription of these sigma 70-dependent operons to regulation by the sigma 54-dependent NTR system. NAC activates expression of operons (e.g. histidine utilization, hut), allowing use of poor nitrogen sources, and represses expression of operons (e.g. glutamate dehydrogenase, gdh) allowing assimilation of the preferred nitrogen source, ammonium. NAC is both necessary and sufficient to activate transcription, but the expression of the nac gene is totally dependent on the central nitrogen regulatory system (NTR) and RNA polymerase carrying the sigma 54 sigma factor (RNAP sigma 54). Nitrogen starvation signals the NTR system to transcribe nac, and NAC activates the transcription of hut, put (proline utilization), and urease. NAC does not affect the transcription of RNAP sigma 54-dependent operons like ginA or nifLA, which respond directly to the NTR system, but activates transcription of RNAP sigma 70-dependent operons. Thus NAC acts as a bridge between RNAP sigma 70-dependent operons like hut and the RNAP sigma 54-dependent NTR system. The activation of operons like hut by NAC in response to nitrogen starvation is at least superficially similar to their activation by CAP-cAMP in response to carbon and energy starvation.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Bender RAdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01965.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-01 00:00:00pages
2575-80issue
11eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In trying to identify genetic loci involved in the regulation of cap5 genes in Staphylococcus aureus, we isolated a transposon mutant that exhibited a growth defect, enhanced autolysis and increased sensitivity to Triton X-100 and penicillin, attributable in part to increased murein hydrolase activity. Analysis of the...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03503.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa OprD is a 420-amino-acid protein that facilitates the uptake of basic amino acids, imipenem and gluconate across the outer membrane. OprD was the first specific porin that could be aligned with members of the non-specific porin super-family. Utilizing multiple alignments in conjugation with stru...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02319.x
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic adaptations are critical to the ability of bacterial pathogens to grow within host cells and are normally preceded by sensing of host-specific metabolic signals, which in turn can influence the pathogen's virulence state. Previously, we reported that the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogene...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12890
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycoplasma agalactiae, an important pathogen of small ruminants, exhibits antigenic diversity by switching the expression of multiple surface lipoproteins called Vpmas (Variable proteins of M. agalactiae). Although phase variation has been shown to play important roles in many host-pathogen interactions, the biologica...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06103.x
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many bacteria colonize surfaces and transition to a sessile mode of growth. The plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens produces a unipolar polysaccharide (UPP) adhesin at single cell poles that contact surfaces. Here we report that elevated levels of the intracellular signal cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GM...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12321
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report selective phosphorylation of the DNA-binding domain of the Streptococcus pneumoniae transcriptional regulator RitR. RitR is annotated as a two-component response regulator, but lacks a cognate His kinase as a neighbouring locus in the genome. In addition, Asn replaces Asp at the expected acceptor site. By th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06532.x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Escherichia coli has two heat shock regulons under the transcriptional control of Esigma32 and EsigmaE RNA polymerases. These polymerases control the expression of genes, the products of which are needed for correct folding of proteins in the cytoplasm and the extracytoplasm respectively. In this study, we report that...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03449.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reversible protein acetylation is established as a modification of major regulatory significance. In particular, histone acetylation regulates access to genetic information in eukaryotes. For example, class I and class II histone deacetylases are regulatory components of corepressor complexes involved in cell cycle pr...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03018.x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, genes involved in phospholipid biosynthesis are activated by ICRE (inositol/choline-responsive element) up-stream motifs and the corresponding heterodimeric binding factor, Ino2 + Ino4. Both Ino2 and Ino4 contain basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domains required for ICRE binding, wh...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03501.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Candida albicans hypha formation which has been stimulated via the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 signalling cascade is inhibited by farnesol, a C. albicans autoregulatory factor, and small molecules such as dodecanol. In cultures containing farnesol or dodecanol, hypha formation was restored upon addition of dibutyryl-cAMP. The CAI4...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06013.x
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of Escherichia coli hupA and hupB, the structural genes encoding the most abundant nucleoid-associated proteins HUalpha and HUbeta has been studied during cold shock. This article demonstrates that: (i) transcriptional expression of hupA is blocked following a sudden temperature downshift (from 37 degrees C...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02868.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RNA coliphage SP was propagated for several generations on a host expressing an inhibitory antisense RNA complementary to bases 31-270 of the positive-stranded genome. Phages evolved that escaped inhibition. Typically, these escape mutants contained 3-4 base substitutions, but different sequences were observed among d...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00847.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The LuxR regulatory protein of Vibrio harveyi as well as the autoinducer molecule, N-(3-hydroxybutanoyl) homoserine lactone, are known to be required for expression of luminescence. Although LuxR has been implicated in the activation of the promoter of the lux operon of V. harveyi, and can bind to two distinct sites u...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01286.x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DnaA protein (a trans-acting element) and its binding sequence, DnaA-box: (a cis-acting element) are two elements essential for the initiation of chromosomal replication in Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria. Recently these two elements have been found to be conserved in three Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01967.x
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Salmonella Typhimurium causes bacterial enterocolitis. The type III secretion system (TTSS)-1 is a key virulence determinant of S. Typhimurium mediating host cell invasion and acute enterocolitis. The TTSS-1 effector protein SipA is transported into host cells, accumulates in characteristic foci at the bacteria-host c...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05823.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthesis and secretion of the 110kDa haemolysin toxin of Escherichia coli and other pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria are governed by the four genes of the hly operon. We have identified, by transposon mutagenesis, an E. coli cellular locus, hlyT, required for the synthesis and secretion of haemolysin encoded in tran...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb02166.x
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MreB shares a common prokaryotic ancestor with actin and is present in almost all rod-shaped bacteria. MreB proteins have been implicated in a range of important cell processes, including cell morphogenesis, chromosome segregation and cell polarity. The mreB gene frequently lies at the beginning of a cluster of genes,...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04506.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The shdA gene is the only determinant known to be required for persistence of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in the murine caecum and for efficient and prolonged shedding of the organism with the faeces. To study the biological activity of the ShdA protein, we examined its expression and bin...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02805.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various features of the regulation of pathways for biodegradation of recalcitrant compounds by Pseudomonas provide insights into the mechanisms by which operons evolve to acquire conditionally active promoters that permit the corresponding genes to be transcribed only when required. The "regulatory noise hypothesis' p...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02463.x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microcins are a class of ribosomally synthesized antibacterial peptides produced by Enterobacteriaceae and active against closely related bacterial species. While some microcins are active as unmodified peptides, others are heavily modified by dedicated maturation enzymes. Low-molecular-weight microcins from the post-...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05874.x
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytoadherence to the vaginal epithelium is a critical step in infection by the eukaryotic flagellate Trichomonas vaginalis. Four trichomonad surface proteins (AP65, AP51, AP33 and AP23) mediate cytoadherence. The cDNA encoding the AP65 adhesin was isolated from a phagemid cDNA expression library by screening with anti...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17010069.x
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Escherichia coli, initiation of chromosome replication requires that DnaA binds to R boxes (9-mer repeats) in oriC, the unique chromosomal replication origin. At the time of initiation, integration host factor (IHF) also binds to a specific site in oriC. IHF stimulates open complex formation by DnaA on supercoiled ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01755.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria differ from eukaryotes by having the enzyme DNA gyrase, which catalyses the ATP-dependent negative supercoiling of DNA. Negative supercoils are essential for condensing chromosomes into an interwound (plectonemic) and branched structure known as the nucleoid. Topo-1 removes excess supercoiling in an ATP-indep...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07394.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The HypB protein from Bradyrhizobium japonicum is a metal-binding GTPase required for hydrogenase expression. In-frame mutagenesis of hypB resulted in strains that were partially or completely deficient in hydrogenase expression, depending on the degree of disruption of the gene. Complete deletion of the gene yielded ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3251690.x
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genome of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolate 536 contains five well-characterized pathogenicity islands (PAIs) encoding key virulence factors of this strain. Except PAI IV(536), the four other PAIs of strain 536 are flanked by direct repeats (DRs), carry intact integrase genes and are able to excise site-speci...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05255.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effector translocation is central to the virulence of many bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus pyogenes, which utilizes the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin Streptolysin O (SLO) to translocate the NAD(+) glycohydrolase SPN into host cells during infection. SLO's translocation activity does not require host cel...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.13085
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type IV secretion systems (T4SS) are utilized by a wide range of Gram negative bacteria to deliver protein and DNA substrates to recipient cells. The best characterized T4SS are the type IVA systems, which exhibit extensive similarity to the Agrobacterium VirB T4SS. In contrast, type IVB secretion systems share almost...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05446.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analysis of the not well understood composition of the stalk, a key ribosomal structure, in eukaryotes having multiple 12 kDa P1/P2 acidic protein components has been approached using these proteins tagged with a histidine tail at the C-terminus. Tagged Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomes, which contain two P1 prot...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03733.x
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although iron is an essential nutrient, its toxicity at high levels necessitates regulated transport. In Gram-negative bacteria a central target for regulation is the TonB protein, an energy transducer that couples the cytoplasmic membrane proton motive force to active transport of (FeIII)-siderophore complexes across...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00373.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microtubules are key players in the biology of Trypanosomatid parasites, not only as classical components of the mitotic spindle, microtubule-organizing centres and flagellum but also as the essential constituent of the cytoskeleton. Their length dynamics are regulated by, among others, microtubule-severing proteins. ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06594.x
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
