Abstract：
:RNA coliphage SP was propagated for several generations on a host expressing an inhibitory antisense RNA complementary to bases 31-270 of the positive-stranded genome. Phages evolved that escaped inhibition. Typically, these escape mutants contained 3-4 base substitutions, but different sequences were observed among different isolates. The mutations were located within three different types of structural features within the predicted secondary structure of SP genomic RNA: (i) hairpin loops; (ii) hairpin stems; and (iii) the 5' region of the phage genome complementary to the antisense molecule. Computer modelling of the mutant genomic RNAs showed that all of the substitutions within hairpin stems improved the Watson-Crick pairing of the stem. No major structural rearrangements were predicted for any of the mutant genomes, and most substitutions in coding regions did not alter the amino acid sequence. Although the evolved phage populations were polymorphic for substitutions, many substitutions appeared independently in two selected lines. The creation of a new, perfect, antisense RNA against an escape mutant resulted in the inhibition of that mutant but not of other escape mutants nor of the ancestral, unevolved phage. Thus, at least in this system, a population of viruses that evolved to escape from a single antisense RNA would require a cocktail of several antisense RNAs for inhibition.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Bull JJ,Jacobson A,Badgett MR,Molineux IJdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00847.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-05-01 00:00:00pages
835-46issue
4eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958pii
847journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The DNA sequence of the structural gene (yopE) of one of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis virulence plas-mid-plB1-encoded proteins, Yop5, is presented. The deduced protein showed a molecular weight of 22971 Daltons. A specific mutant, having a kanamycin-resistance fragment inserted within the yopE gene was no longer vi...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1988.tb00013.x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cells invest a significant amount of their energy synthesizing proteins, and a large portion of the energy expenditure goes into making ribosomes, the RNA-protein machines at the centre of translation. When ribosomes are damaged in a cell, i.e. during stressful conditions, cells must first recognize the damage and the...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.07017.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phospholipases C play a role in the pathogenesis of several bacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, possesses four genes encoding putative phospholipases C, plcA, plcB, plcC and plcD. However, the contribution of these genes to virulence is unknown. We constructed four single mutants...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03009.x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type IV pili (T4P) are surface structures that undergo extension/retraction oscillations to generate cell motility. In Myxococcus xanthus, T4P are unipolarly localized and undergo pole-to-pole oscillations synchronously with cellular reversals. We investigated the mechanisms underlying these oscillations. We show that...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06891.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Escherichia coli cells use two distinct sensory circuits during chemotaxis towards carbohydrates. One circuit requires the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) and is independent of any specific chemoreceptor, whereas the other uses a chemoreceptor-dependent sensory mechanism analogous to that...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03375.x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa can express two distinct forms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), called A-band and B-band. As an attempt to understand the molecular biology of the synthesis and regulation of these LPS antigens, a recombinant plasmid, pFV3, containing genes for A-band expression was isolated previously. In the prese...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01620.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cell walls of Sulfolobales species consist of proteinaceous S-layers assembled from two polypeptides, SlaA and SlaB. We isolated the large S-layer protein of Acidianus ambivalens and both S-layer subunits of Sulfolobus solfataricus and Metallosphaera sedula, respectively. The slaAB genes, lying adjacently in the c...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06746.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Escherichia coli Sm-like host factor I (Hfq) is thought to play direct and indirect roles in post-transcriptional regulation by targeting small regulatory RNAs and mRNAs. In this study, we have used proteomics to identify new mRNA targets of Hfq. We have identified 11 candidate proteins, synthesis of which was dif...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03727.x
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new mechanism for the turning-off of gene expression in Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) is proposed by Espinosa and Casadesús, which involves the action of the LeuO quiescent regulator, by two different pathways. A major one through the activation of the hilE gene, where the HilE protein would in turn inac...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12514
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of the 987P gene cluster is activated by the adjacent IS1 element of an STpa transposon. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 987P-DNA region contiguous with this IS1 element revealed the presence of an open reading frame designated fapR, encoding a basic protein of 260 amino acid residues with a molecular m...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00556.x
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human pathogen, is a major causative agent of mortality and morbidity in immunocompromised individuals and those with cystic fibrosis (CF). In CF patients, the secretion of abnormally high amounts of mucus into the airways contributes to their susceptibility to infection by P. ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.01533.x
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-essential RGD1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a protein that has been characterized in vitro as a Rho GTPase activating protein (RhoGAP) for the Rho3 and Rho4 proteins. Rgd1p, which displays a conserved FCH-coiled coil-Rho-GAP domain organization, showed a patch-like distribution in the cell, inclu...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01958.x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NsrR is a nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive transcription repressor that controls NO metabolism in a wide range of bacteria. In Bacillus subtilis, NsrR represses transcription of the nitrite reductase (nasDEF) genes that are under positive control of the ResD-ResE two-component signal transduction system. Derepression is ac...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07407.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Entry of Listeria monocytogenes into cultured epithelial cells requires production of internalin, a protein with features characteristic of some Gram-positive bacterial surface proteins, in particular an LPXTG motif preceding a hydrophobic sequence and a few basic residues at its C-terminal end. By immunofluorescence ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02566.x
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Bacillus subtilis OhrR protein functions as a transcriptional repressor of the inducible peroxidase, OhrA. Derepression is mediated by the organic-peroxide selective oxidation of an active site cysteine (C15). In the presence of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), oxidation of OhrR leads to a sulphenic acid intermediate w...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06200.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA double-strand break repair can be accomplished by homologous recombination when a sister chromatid or a homologous chromosome is available. However, the study of sister chromatid double-strand break repair in prokaryotes is complicated by the difficulty in targeting a break to only one copy of two essentially iden...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02553.x
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Escherichia coli, RecA protein regulates the DNA damage-inducible survival-enhancing SOS response. Mutant allele recA730, which causes constitutive SOS expression, is lethal at high temperatures in B/r, a derivative of wild-type B, but not in K-12 or in certain B/r--K-12 hybrids. We present evidence that killing is...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01461.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gyrase-mediated hypernegative supercoiling is one manifestation of R-loop formation, a phenomenon that is normally suppressed by topoisomerase I (topA) in Escherichia coli. Overproduction of RNase HI (rnhA), an enzyme that removes the RNA moiety of R-loops, prevents hypernegative supercoiling and allows growth of topA...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06334.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to many type II restriction enzymes, dimeric proteins that cleave DNA at individual recognition sites 4-6 bp long, the SfiI endonuclease is a tetrameric protein that binds to two copies of an elongated sequence before cutting the DNA at both sites. The mode of action of the SfiI endonuclease thus seems mor...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01266.x
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression in fungi by ambient pH is regulated via a conserved signalling cascade whose terminal component is the zinc finger transcription factor PacC/Rim1p. We have identified a pacC orthologue in the vascular wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum that binds the consensus 5'-GCCAAG-3' sequence and is proteolytically...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03465.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interactions between pathogenic bacteria and the host need to be resolved at the molecular level in order to develop novel vaccines and drugs. We have previously identified strepadhesin, a novel glycoprotein-binding activity in Streptococcus pyogenes, which is regulated by Mga, a regulator of streptococcal virulen...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02269.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PspF bound to the psp enhancer activates E sigma54 holoenzyme-dependent transcription of the Escherichia coli phage-shock protein (psp) operon and autogenously represses its own sigma70-dependent transcription, thereby keeping its concentration at a low level. It has been demonstrated previously that integration host ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.4791844.x
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemoreceptors play a central role in chemotaxis, allowing bacteria to detect chemical gradients and bias their swimming behavior in order to navigate toward favorable environments. The genome of the kiwifruit pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) strain NZ-V13 encodes 43 predicted chemoreceptors, none o...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12964
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular analyses were applied to the genes encoding variants of the serosubtyping antigen, the class 1 outer membrane protein (PorA), from 55 serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis strains. These genes were evolutionarily stable and exhibited a limited range of genetic variation, primarily generated by recombination. Tr...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01014.x
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In bacteria, genes are often expressed from multiple promoters to allow for a greater spectrum of regulation. Transcription of rRNA genes in Escherichia coli uses two promoters, rrn P1 and rrn P2. Under the conditions examined previously, the P1 and P2 promoters were regulated in response to many of the same changes i...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04060.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bacterial flagellar motor accommodates ten stator units around the rotor to produce large torque at high load. But when external load is low, some previous studies showed that a single stator unit can spin the rotor at the maximum speed, suggesting that the maximum speed does not depend on the number of active sta...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.14440
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of a 2711bp DNA segment which contains the N-terminal coding sequence and the 5' flanking region of a crystal protein gene (bta) from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.29 has been determined. The coding region encodes an 824 amino-acid polypeptide corresponding to a carboxy-terminally tru...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb01812.x
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dps is a nucleoid-associated protein that plays a major role in condensation of the Escherichia coli chromosome in stationary phase. Here we show that two other nucleoid-associated proteins, Fis and H-NS, can bind at the dps gene promoter and downregulate its activity. Both Fis and H-NS selectively repress the dps pro...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06253.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously observed that hypoxia is an important component of host microenvironments during pulmonary fungal infections. However, mechanisms of fungal growth in these in vivo hypoxic conditions are poorly understood. Here, we report that mitochondrial respiration is active in hypoxia (1% oxygen) and critical for fu...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08034.x
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, genes involved in phospholipid biosynthesis are activated by ICRE (inositol/choline-responsive element) up-stream motifs and the corresponding heterodimeric binding factor, Ino2 + Ino4. Both Ino2 and Ino4 contain basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domains required for ICRE binding, wh...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03501.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
