LeuO, a dormant sentinel for SPI-1?

abstract：:The formation of biofilm results in a major lifestyle switch that is thought to affect the expression of multiple genes and operons. We used DNA arrays to study the global effect of biofilm formation on gene expression in mature Escherichia coli K-12 biofilm. We show that, when biofilm is compared with the exponential...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Beloin C,Valle J,Latour-Lambert P,Faure P,Kzreminski M,Balestrino D,Haagensen JA,Molin S,Prensier G,Arbeille B,Ghigo JM

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type IV secretion systems are increasingly recognized as important virulence determinants of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. While the examination of several type IV-secreted proteins suggested that their secretion depends on C-terminal signals, the nature of these signals and their conservation among different sys...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hohlfeld S,Pattis I,Püls J,Plano GV,Haas R,Fischer W

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli loses its rod shape by inactivation of PBP2 (penicillin-binding protein 2), target of the beta-lactam mecillinam. Under these conditions, cell division is blocked in rich medium. Division in the absence of PBP2 activity is restored (and resistance to mecillinam is conferred) when the three cell divisi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Navarro F,Robin A,D'Ari R,Joseleau-Petit D

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast Candida glabrata rapidly autoactivates transcription of the AMT1 gene in response to potentially toxic copper levels through the copper-inducible binding of the Amt1 transcription factor to a metal response element (MRE) within a positioned nucleosome. Our previous studies have characterized the role of a 16...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Koch KA,Allard S,Santoro N,Côté J,Thiele DJ

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 4.0 kb EcoRI fragment of Bacillus subtilis conferring thiostrepton resistance was cloned and characterized. By nucleotide sequencing of the relevant region, six open reading frames were established, which corresponded to a part of spo0H, a ribosomal protein gene (rpmG), an unidentified open reading frame (orfE), a t...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Jeong SM,Yoshikawa H,Takahashi H

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Only few small, regulatory RNAs encoded opposite another gene have been identified in bacteria. Here, we report the characterization of a locus where a small RNA (SymR) is encoded in cis to an SOS-induced gene whose product shows homology to the antitoxin MazE (SymE). Synthesis of the SymE protein is tightly repressed...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Kawano M,Aravind L,Storz G

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inner membrane protein CcmC (CytA) of Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC17400, which has homologues in several bacteria and plant mitochondria, is needed for the biogenesis of cytochrome c. A CcmC-deficient mutant is also compromised in the production and utilization of pyoverdine, the high-affinity fluorescent sideroph...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Gaballa A,Baysse C,Koedam N,Muyldermans S,Cornelis P

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anammox bacteria exhibit remarkable and characteristic metabolic features that enable them to oxidize ammonium under anoxic conditions. Their ultrastructure is complex, with three compartments, comprising paryphoplasm, the riboplasm and the anammoxosome. The latter is surrounded by ladderane lipids, creating a lipid-s...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Rachel R

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the gene pcnB, encoding the dispensable Escherichia coli poly(A) polymerase (PAPI), which is toxic when overproduced, was investigated. Its promoter was identified and found to be moderately strong when used to express a beta-galactosidase reporter. Expression levels were not affected by increasing or de...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Binns N,Masters M

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The FNR protein of Escherichia coli is a regulatory protein that activates the transcription of its target genes in response to oxygen limitation. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to show that a 28-residue N-terminal segment containing three cysteines is essential for normal FNR function. The cysteine residue which ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Spiro S,Guest JR

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five amino acids (Y105, Y176, Y189, Y189, W207) that constitute the substrate binding site of PHB depolymerase PhaZ7 were identified. All residues are located at a single surface-exposed location of PhaZ7. Exchange of these amino acids by less hydrophobic, hydrophilic or negatively charged residues reduced binding of ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Jendrossek D,Hermawan S,Subedi B,Papageorgiou AC

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three u.v.-induced mutants of the purine-cytosine permease gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with altered apparent Michaelis constant of transport (Kmapp), were cloned and sequenced. One of the mutants had extensive nucleotide replacement, whereas the other two had a single mutation. To evaluate the contribution of th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Bloch JC,Sychrova H,Souciet JL,Jund R,Chevallier MR

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell division in prokaryotes initiates with assembly of the Z-ring at midcell, which, in Escherichia coli, is tethered to the inner leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane through a direct interaction with FtsA, a widely conserved actin homolog. The Z-ring is comprised of polymers of tubulin-like FtsZ and has been suggest...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Conti J,Viola MG,Camberg JL

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Pseudomonas aeruginosa algD gene is the first gene of an operon encoding most of the enzymes necessary for biosynthesis of the exopolysaccharide alginate. Transcriptional activation of algD results in the high-level synthesis of alginate, an important P. aeruginosa virulence factor with antiphagocytic and adherenc...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Baynham PJ,Brown AL,Hall LL,Wozniak DJ

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA repeat region of fcrA76, the gene encoding a group A streptococcal Fc-binding protein, was subcloned in-frame into an Escherichia coli plasmid expression vector. The expressed protein product displayed the same Fc-binding properties as the full-length Fc-binding protein expressed from fcrA76. The affinity-puri...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Heath DG,Boyle MD,Cleary PP

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Site-specific recombination by the Cre recombinase takes place at a simple DNA site (loxP), requires no additional proteins and gives topologically simple recombination products. In contrast, cer and psi sites for Xer recombination contain approximately 150 bp of accessory sequences, require accessory proteins PepA, A...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Gourlay SC,Colloms SD

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The overall transcription of DNA has previously been demonstrated to proceed at extremely high levels of accuracy. We review the evidence that the process of transcription is subject to proof-reading in the Hopfield sense. In addition, we speculate that the proof-reading activity associated with transcription is subje...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Libby RT,Gallant JA

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymorphonuclear neutrophils are the most important mammalian host defence cells against infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Screening of a signature tagged mutagenesis library of the non-piliated P. aeruginosa strain TBCF10839 uncovered that transposon inactivation of its pilY1 gene rendered the bacterium more r...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Bohn YS,Brandes G,Rakhimova E,Horatzek S,Salunkhe P,Munder A,van Barneveld A,Jordan D,Bredenbruch F,Häussler S,Riedel K,Eberl L,Jensen PØ,Bjarnsholt T,Moser C,Hoiby N,Tümmler B,Wiehlmann L

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyanobacteria respond to changes in light or nutrient availability by modifications in their photosynthetic light harvesting antenna. In unicellular cyanobacteria a small polypeptide (NblA) is required for phycobilisome degradation following environmental stresses. In the filamentous strain Tolypothrix sp. PCC 7601 th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Luque I,Ochoa De Alda JA,Richaud C,Zabulon G,Thomas JC,Houmard J

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbapenems such as meropenem are being investigated for their potential therapeutic utility against highly drug-resistant tuberculosis. These β-lactams target the transpeptidases that introduce interpeptide cross-links into bacterial peptidoglycan thereby controlling rigidity of the bacterial envelope. Treatment of M...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Kumar P,Arora K,Lloyd JR,Lee IY,Nair V,Fischer E,Boshoff HI,Barry CE 3rd

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptomyces scabies is the best studied of those streptomycetes that cause an economically important disease known as potato scab. The phytotoxin thaxtomin is made exclusively by these pathogens and is required for virulence. Here we describe regulation of thaxtomin biosynthesis by TxtR, a member of the AraC/XylS fam...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Joshi MV,Bignell DR,Johnson EG,Sparks JP,Gibson DM,Loria R

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During a normal cell cycle, chromosomes are exposed to many biochemical reactions that require specific types of DNA movement. Separation forces move replicated chromosomes into separate sister cell compartments during cell division, and the contemporaneous acts of DNA replication, RNA transcription and cotranscriptio...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Deng S,Stein RA,Higgins NP

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A transposon mutant of Escherichia coli 5K was isolated which reduced 10- to 50-fold the secreted extracellular haemolytic activity of cells carrying the complete hlyCABD operon while leaving unaffected the intracellular haemolytic activity and the levels of intracellular and extracellular haemolysin protein, HlyA. Th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Stanley PL,Diaz P,Bailey MJ,Gygi D,Juarez A,Hughes C

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ferrichrome-iron is actively transported across the outer membrane of Escherichia coli by the TonB-dependent receptor FhuA. To obtain FhuA in a form suitable for secondary-structure analyses, a hexahistidine tag was inserted into a surface-located site and the recombinant protein was purified by metal chelate chromato...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Moeck GS,Tawa P,Xiang H,Ismail AA,Turnbull JL,Coulton JW

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During persistent infection, the intracellular bacterial pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis is viable but severely attenuates the production of new, infectious elementary bodies (EBs). To investigate the reasons for this lack of new EB output, we analysed the expression of chlamydial genes encoding products required for D...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Gérard HC,Krausse-Opatz B,Wang Z,Rudy D,Rao JP,Zeidler H,Schumacher HR,Whittum-Hudson JA,Köhler L,Hudson AP

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have devised a simple method for the reconstitution of bacterial membrane proteins directly from small (1-20 ml) volumes of cell culture, thus eliminating the preparation of membrane vesicles. Cells are subjected to simultaneous lysozyme digestion and osmotic lysis, and after brief centrifugation ghosts are solubil...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Varadhachary A,Maloney PC

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen-regulated genes in enterobacteria are positively controlled by the transcriptional activator of σ(N) -dependent promoters NtrC, either directly or indirectly, through the dual regulator Nac. Similar to enterobacteria, gdhA encoding glutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida is one of the few genes that i...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hervás AB,Canosa I,Santero E

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:clpC of Bacillus subtilis is part of an operon containing six genes. Northern blot analysis suggested that all genes are co-transcribed and encode stress-inducible proteins. Two promoters (PA and PB) were mapped upstream of the first gene. PA resembles promoters recognized by the vegetative RNA polymerase E sigma A. T...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Krüger E,Msadek T,Hecker M

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apicomplexan parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii, apically attach to their host cells before invasion. Recent studies have implicated the contents of micronemes, which are small secretory organelles confined to the apical region of the parasite, in the process of host cell attachment. Here, we demonstrate that micr...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Carruthers VB,Sibley LD

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic recombination impacts on neisserial biology in two ways: (i) specific loci undergo rearrangement at high frequency leading to the formation of many different alleles; and (ii) Neisseria, being naturally competent for DNA transformation, provide a means to disseminate the novel alleles throughout a population. ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hill SA

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00