Abstract:
:The efficiency of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are among our most useful chemotherapeutic weapons, is continuously challenged by the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. This is most often due to the production of beta-lactamases by the resistant cells. These enzymes inactivate the antibiotics by hydrolysing the beta-lactam amide bond. The elucidation of the structures of some beta-lactamases by X-ray crystallography has provided precious insights into their catalytic mechanisms and revealed unsuspected similarities with the DD-transpeptidases, the bacterial enzymes which constitute the lethal targets of beta-lactams. Despite numerous kinetic, structural and site-directed mutagenesis studies, we have not completely succeeded in explaining the diversity of the specificity profiles of beta-lactamases and their surprising catalytic power. The solutions to these problems represent the cornerstones on which better antibiotics can be designed, hopefully on a rational basis.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Frère JMdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02404.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-05-01 00:00:00pages
385-95issue
3eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Conjugative transfer of toxin and antibiotic resistance plasmids in Clostridium perfringens is mediated by the tcp conjugation locus. Surprisingly, neither a relaxase gene nor an origin of transfer (oriT) has been identified on these plasmids, which are typified by the 47 kb tetracycline resistance plasmid pCW3. The t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13270
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors that enhance the transmission of pathogens are poorly understood. We show that Vibrio cholerae shed in human 'rice-water' stools have a 10-fold lower oral infectious dose in an animal model than in vitro grown V. cholerae, which may aid in transmission during outbreaks. Furthermore, we identify a bacterial fac...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05096.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most soft-rotting Erwinia spp., including E. carotovora subsp. carotovora strain 71 (Ecc71), production of the plant cell wall degrading enzyme pectin lyase (Pnl) is activated by DNA-damaging agents such as mitomycin C (MC). Induction of Pnl production in Ecc71 requires a functional recA gene and the rdg locus. DNA...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01334.x
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used in vivo oxidative cross-linking of engineered cysteine pairs to assess conformational changes in the four-helix transmembrane domain of chemoreceptor Trg. Extending previous work, we searched for and found a fourth cross-linking pair that spanned the intrasubunit interface between transmembrane helix 1 (TM1) a...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02446.x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, glucose activation of cAMP synthesis requires both the presence of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) system, Gpr1-Gpa2, and uptake and phosphorylation of the sugar. In a hxt-null strain that lacks all physiologically important glucose carriers, glucose transport as well as glucose-indu...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02125.x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative enterobacterium that has historically been, and currently remains, a significant cause of human disease. It is a frequent cause of urinary tract infections and pneumonia, and subsequent systemic infections can have mortality rates as high as 60%. Despite its clinical significan...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04918.x
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants (glk) of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) that are resistant to the non-utilizable glucose analogue 2-deoxyglucose are deficient in glucose kinase activity, defective in glucose repression, and usually unable to utilize glucose. A 2.9 kb BclI fragment, previously shown to restore a wild-type phenotype to a glk de...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01463.x
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::9 alpha-Hydroxylation of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD) is catalysed by 3-ketosteroid 9 alpha-hydroxylase (KSH), a key enzyme in microbial steroid catabolism. Very limited knowledge is presently available on the KSH enzyme. Here, we report for the first time the identification and ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03069.x
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-component regulatory proteins function in bacteria as sensory and adaptive factors in response to a wide range of environmental stimuli. Some two-component systems, such as PhoP/PhoQ, control transcription of key virulence genes essential for survival in host cells in diverse intracellular bacterial pathogens, inc...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02500.x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli has two heat shock regulons under the transcriptional control of Esigma32 and EsigmaE RNA polymerases. These polymerases control the expression of genes, the products of which are needed for correct folding of proteins in the cytoplasm and the extracytoplasm respectively. In this study, we report that...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03449.x
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile, an emerging nosocomial pathogen of increasing clinical significance, produces two large protein toxins that are responsible for the cellular damage associated with the disease. The precise mechanisms by which toxin synthesis is regulated in response to environmental change have yet to be discove...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05739.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication fork arrest can cause DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These DSBs are caused by the action of the Holliday junction resolvase RuvABC, indicating that they are made by resolution of Holliday junctions formed at blocked forks. In this work, we study the homologous recombination functions required for RuvABC-...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02152.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown previously that deletion of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae UMP1 gene encoding the 20S proteasome maturase causes sensitivity to UV radiation. In the current report, we have extended this finding to show that mutations specifically compromising chymotrypsin-like or trypsin-like activity of 20S proteasome pe...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03635.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 2 kb DNA fragment isolated from a cosmid library of Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum strain MS-1 complements the aromatic-metabolite requirements and iron-uptake deficiencies of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium strains that lack a functional aroD (biosynthetic dehydrodquinase) sequence. All recombinant cosmi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02156.x
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum assembles knob structures underneath the erythrocyte membrane that help present the major virulence protein, P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1). Membranous structures called Maurer's clefts are established in the erythrocyte cytoplasm and function as sortin...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07740.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cell surface of Bacillus stearothermophilus PV72 is covered by a regular surface layer (S-layer) composed of single species of protein, SbsA, with a molecular weight of 130,000. Recently, the sequence of the corresponding gene (sbsA) has been determined. The SbsA coding region including the signal sequence was clo...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.386918.x
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two papers in this issue of Molecular Microbiology from Carol Gross and colleagues describe experiments that investigate how two alternative Escherichia coli sigma proteins recognize target promoter -10 regions. A combination of genetics, biochemistry and bioinformatics is used to show that determinants in two adjacen...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06692.x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aflatoxins are polyaromatic mycotoxins that contaminate a range of food crops as a result of fungal growth and contribute to serious health problems in the developing world because of their toxicity and mutagenicity. Although relatively resistant to biotic degradation, aflatoxins can be metabolized by certain species ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07356.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The translocation of the diphtheria toxin catalytic domain from the lumen of early endosomes into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells is an essential step in the intoxication process. We have previously shown that the in vitro translocation of the catalytic domain from the lumen of toxin pre-loaded endosomal vesicles to t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07159.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the possible role of accessory subunits of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme (HE) in determining chromosomal replication fidelity, we have investigated the role of the dnaX gene. This gene encodes both the tau and gamma subunits of HE, which play a central role in the organization and funct...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.05011.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have devised a simple method for the reconstitution of bacterial membrane proteins directly from small (1-20 ml) volumes of cell culture, thus eliminating the preparation of membrane vesicles. Cells are subjected to simultaneous lysozyme digestion and osmotic lysis, and after brief centrifugation ghosts are solubil...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00720.x
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of the MDR1 gene, encoding a multi-drug efflux pump of the major facilitator superfamily, is a major cause of resistance to the widely used antifungal agent fluconazole and other toxic substances in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. We found that all tested clinical and in vitro generated C. albican...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06309.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micrococcus luteus secretes a small protein called Rpf, which has autocrine and paracrine signalling functions and is required for the resuscitation of dormant cells. Originally isolated from the supernatant of actively growing cultures, Rpf was also detected on the surface of actively growing bacteria. Most molecules...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03183.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been hypothesized that the dinR gene product of Bacillus subtilis acts as a repressor of the SOS regulon by binding to DNA sequences located upstream of SOS genes, including dinR and recA. Following activation as a result of DNA damage, RecA is believed to catalyse DinR-autocleavage, thus derepressing the SOS r...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02657.x
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of bacterial genomes encode a high number of two-component systems controlling gene expression in response to a variety of different stimuli. The Gram-positive soil bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum contains two homologous two-component systems (TCS) involved in the haem-dependent regulation of gene ex...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12633
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the corn smut fungus Ustilago maydis, pathogenic development is controlled by the b mating type locus that encodes the two homeodomain proteins bE and bW. A heterodimer of bE and bW controls a large set of genes, either directly by binding to cis regulatory sequences or indirectly via a b-dependent regulatory casca...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03238.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to being the major citric acid cycle aconitase in Escherichia coli the aconitase B protein (AcnB) is also a post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression. The AcnB proteins represent a distinct branch of the aconitase superfamily that possess a HEAT-like domain (domain 5). The HEAT domains of other pro...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04610.x
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tprK gene sequence of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) is heterogeneous within and among isolates. Heterogeneity in the tprK open reading frame is localized in seven discrete variable (V) regions, and variability results from apparent base changes, insertions or deletions. The TprK V regions ar...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04086.x
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative bacteria survive harmful environmental stressors by modifying their outer membrane. Much of this protection is afforded upon remodeling of the lipid A region of the major surface molecule lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For example, the addition of cationic substituents, such as 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13018
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen metabolism genes of Bacillus subtilis are regulated by the availability of rapidly metabolizable nitrogen sources, but not by any mechanism analogous to the two-component Ntr regulatory system found in enteric bacteria. Instead, at least three regulatory proteins independently control the expression of gene p...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01333.x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00