Multicopy plasmid instability: the dimer catastrophe hypothesis.

abstract：:Numerous bacteria accumulate poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) as an intracellular reservoir of carbon and energy in response to imbalanced nutritional conditions. In Bacillus spp., where PHB biosynthesis precedes the formation of the dormant cell type called the spore (sporulation), the direct link between PHB accumulati...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Sadykov MR,Ahn JS,Widhelm TJ,Eckrich VM,Endres JL,Driks A,Rutkowski GE,Wingerd KL,Bayles KW

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The RusA protein of Escherichia coli is a DNA structure-specific endonuclease that resolves Holliday junction intermediates formed during DNA replication, recombination and repair by introducing symmetrically paired incisions 5' to CC dinucleotides. It is encoded by the defective prophage DLP12, which raises the possi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Sharples GJ,Bolt EL,Lloyd RG

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N15 is a bacteriophage of Escherichia coli that resembles lambda, but, unlike lambda, it lysogenizes as a linear plasmid. We show that stable maintenance of this unusual plasmid-prophage depends on the parA and parB genes, relatives of the partition genes of F and P1 plasmids. ParB of N15, like its F- and P1-encoded h...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Grigoriev PS,Lobocka MB

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genes encoding the three terminal enzymes in the threonine biosynthetic pathway, homoserine dehydrogenase (hom), homoserine kinase (thrB) and threonine synthase (thrC) have been isolated from Corynebacterium glutamicum. The C. glutamicum hom and thrB genes were subcloned on a 3.6 kb SalI-generated chromosomal frag...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Follettie MT,Shin HK,Sinskey AJ

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Micrococcus luteus secretes a small protein called Rpf, which has autocrine and paracrine signalling functions and is required for the resuscitation of dormant cells. Originally isolated from the supernatant of actively growing cultures, Rpf was also detected on the surface of actively growing bacteria. Most molecules...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Mukamolova GV,Turapov OA,Kazarian K,Telkov M,Kaprelyants AS,Kell DB,Young M

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Palindromic units (PU or REP) were defined as 40-nucleotide DNA sequences which are highly repeated in the genome of several members of the Enterobacteriaceae. They were shown to be a constituent of the bacterial interspersed mosaic element (BIME), in which they are associated with other repetitive sequences. We repor...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Bachellier S,Saurin W,Perrin D,Hofnung M,Gilson E

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 2.7 kb fragment of Helicobacter pylori UA802 chromosomal DNA was cloned and sequenced. Three open reading frames (designated ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3, respectively) were predicted from the DNA sequence, of which ORF1 and ORF2 appeared to be located within the same operon. The deduced 611-amino-acid sequence of ORF1, a P-...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Ge Z,Hiratsuka K,Taylor DE

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The repABC replicons contain an operon encoding the initiator protein (RepC) and partitioning proteins (RepA and RepB). The latter two proteins negatively regulate the transcription of the operon. In this article we have identified two novel regulatory elements, located within the conserved repB-repC intergenic sequen...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Venkova-Canova T,Soberón NE,Ramírez-Romero MA,Cevallos MA

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of plasmid-encoded gene systems are thought to stabilize plasmids by killing plasmid-free cells (also termed post-segregational killing or plasmid addiction). Here we analyse the mechanisms of plasmid stabilization by ccd of F, parDE of RP4 and parD of R1, and compare them to hok/sok of R1. To induce synchron...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Jensen RB,Grohmann E,Schwab H,Díaz-Orejas R,Gerdes K

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus bacteria colonize the intestines of the infective soil-dwelling stage of entomophagous nematodes, Heterorhabditis and Steinernema, respectively. These nematodes infect susceptible insect larvae and release the bacteria into the insect blood. The bacteria kill the insect larvae and convert ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Goodrich-Blair H,Clarke DJ

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to quinoline antimalarial drugs has emerged in different parts of the world and involves sets of discrete mutational changes in pfcrt and pfmdr1 in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. To better understand how the different polymorphic haplotypes of pfmdr1 and pfcrt contribute to drug resistanc...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Sanchez CP,Mayer S,Nurhasanah A,Stein WD,Lanzer M

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bordetella pertussis regulates expression of its virulence factors such as pertussis toxin (Ptx) via the bvg locus, which encodes a two-component system composed of a sensor protein, BvgS, and a transcription activator, BvgA. We used a ptx-lac fusion on the B. pertussis chromosome to analyse promoter activation by alt...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Marques RR,Carbonetti NH

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The six biochemical steps of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway are conserved in all known organisms. However, in animals and fungi, unlike prokaryotes, at least the first two activities are grouped on a multifunctional enzyme. Here, we report cloning, mapping and transcriptional characterization of some pyri...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Aleksenko A,Liu W,Gojkovic Z,Nielsen J,Piskur J

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior to the discovery of a minimal ATP-dependent DNA ligase in Haemophilus influenzae, bacteria were thought to only possess a NAD-dependent ligase, which was involved in sealing of Okazaki fragments. We now know that a diverse range of bacterial species possess up to six of these accessory bacterial ATP-dependent DN...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Williamson A,Hjerde E,Kahlke T

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Caulobacter crescentus the partitioning proteins ParA and ParB operate a molecular switch that couples chromosome partitioning to cytokinesis. Homologues of these proteins have been shown to be important for the stable inheritance of F-plasmids and the prophage form of bacteriophage P1. In C. crescentus, ParB binds...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Figge RM,Easter J,Gober JW

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To establish a lysogenic lifestyle, the temperate bacteriophage φC31 integrates its genome into the chromosome of its Streptomyces host, by site-specific recombination between attP (the attachment site in the phage DNA) and attB (the chromosomal attachment site). This reaction is promoted by a phage-encoded serine rec...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Stark WM

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The invasive phenotype of Shigella flexneri is conferred by a 220 kb virulence plasmid, pWR100, that encodes both the lpa proteins, which are involved in the entry process, and factors which are required for the export and correct localization of the lpa proteins. We have characterized the mxiD gene, whose expression,...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Allaoui A,Sansonetti PJ,Parsot C

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sensor kinase/response regulator system KdpD/KdpE of Escherichia coli regulates the expression of the kdpFABC operon, which encodes the high affinity K+ transport system KdpFABC. The membrane-bound sensor kinase KdpD consists of four transmembrane domains, a large cytoplasmic N-terminal domain and a cytoplasmic C-...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Heermann R,Fohrmann A,Altendorf K,Jung K

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli treA gene encodes an osmotically inducible periplasmic trehalase. A strain carrying a treA-lacZ transcriptional fusion was constructed. The beta-galactosidase activity produced in this strain growing exponentially in a medium of high osmotic pressure was 10-fold higher than that produced in a medi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Repoila F,Gutierrez C

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bottlenecks reduce the size of the gene pool within populations of all life forms with implications for their subsequent survival. Here, we examine the effects of bottlenecks on bacterial commensal-pathogens during transmission between, and dissemination within, hosts. By reducing genetic diversity, bottlenecks may al...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： De Ste Croix M,Holmes J,Wanford JJ,Moxon ER,Oggioni MR,Bayliss CD

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of the proximal half of the rfb region of Shigella flexneri has been determined, and the genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of dTDP-rhamnose have been identified. These genes show strong homology to the rfb genes encoding dTDP-rhamnose biosynthesis in Salmonella enterica serova...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Macpherson DF,Manning PA,Morona R

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Roughly 10% of all genes in Escherichia coli are controlled by the global transcription factor Lrp, which responds to nutrient availability. Bioinformatically, we identified lrp as one of several putative targets for the sRNA MicF, which is transcriptionally downregulated by Lrp. Deleting micF results in higher Lrp le...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Holmqvist E,Unoson C,Reimegård J,Wagner EG

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori is a human gastric pathogen associated with gastric and duodenal ulcers as well as gastric cancer. Mounting evidence suggests this pathogen's motility is prerequisite for successful colonization of human gastric tissues. Here, we isolated an H. pylori G27 HP0518 mutant exhibiting altered motility i...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Asakura H,Churin Y,Bauer B,Boettcher JP,Bartfeld S,Hashii N,Kawasaki N,Mollenkopf HJ,Jungblut PR,Brinkmann V,Meyer TF

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on smooth polymer surfaces has been shown to be mediated by the ica operon. Upon activation of this operon, a polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) is synthesized that supports bacterial cell-to-cell contacts and triggers the production of thick, multilayered biofil...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Ziebuhr W,Krimmer V,Rachid S,Lössner I,Götz F,Hacker J

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prokaryotic toxin - antitoxin (TA) loci encode mRNA interferases that inhibit translation, either by cleaving mRNA codons at the ribosomal A site or by cleaving any RNA site-specifically. So far, seven mRNA interferases of Escherichia coli have been identified, four of which cleave mRNA by a translation-dependent mech...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Christensen-Dalsgaard M,Jørgensen MG,Gerdes K

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial cell shapes are manifestations of programs carried out by multi-protein machines that synthesize and remodel the resilient peptidoglycan (PG) mesh and other polymers surrounding cells. GpsB protein is conserved in low-GC Gram-positive bacteria and is not essential in rod-shaped Bacillus subtilis, where it pl...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Land AD,Tsui HC,Kocaoglu O,Vella SA,Shaw SL,Keen SK,Sham LT,Carlson EE,Winkler ME

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and peroxiredoxins form an antioxidant network protecting cells against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase is a potent H2O2-detoxifying enzyme, which is unexpectedly absent in some members of the Kinetoplastida and Apicomplexa, but present in Toxoplasma gondi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Ding M,Kwok LY,Schlüter D,Clayton C,Soldati D

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell differentiation is widespread during the development of multicellular organisms, but rarely observed in prokaryotes. One example of prokaryotic differentiation is the gram-negative bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. In response to starvation, this gliding bacterium initiates a complex developmental programme that resu...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hoiczyk E,Ring MW,McHugh CA,Schwär G,Bode E,Krug D,Altmeyer MO,Lu JZ,Bode HB

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The collective function of secreted pathogen effector molecules is to enhance the virulence and avirulence activity of the pathogen during the infection of its host. While the activity of a majority of pathogen effectors is unknown, several classes of effector molecules have been well characterized. Among these includ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Tian M,Day B

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein kinase C constitutes a family of serine-threonine kinases found in all eukaryotes and implicated in a wide range of cellular functions, including regulation of cell growth, cellular differentiation and immunity. Here, we present three independent lines of evidence which indicate that protein kinase C is essent...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Penn TJ,Wood ME,Soanes DM,Csukai M,Corran AJ,Talbot NJ

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00