Death investigation systems and disease surveillance.

abstract：:The risk of classical scrapie in sheep is associated with polymorphisms in the prion protein (PrP) gene. In recent years, large-scale selective breeding programmes for sheep at lower risk of disease have been undertaken across the European Union. We analysed large-scale datasets on scrapie and sheep demography to inve...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： McIntyre KM,Trewby H,Gubbins S,Baylis M

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 3522 samples of serum, collected anonymously from women attending an antenatal clinic, was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis C. The prevalence of anti-HCV was low; only five confirmed positives were found (0.14%). The prevalence of hepatitis B overall was 0.56%, but was 1.04% ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Boxall E,Skidmore S,Evans C,Nightingale S

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this retrospective study, we describe and analyse Salmonella data from four livestock species in Great Britain between 1983 and 2014, focusing on Salmonella Typhimurium. A total of 96 044 Salmonella isolates were obtained during the study period. S. Typhimurium was the predominant serovar isolated from cattle and p...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Mueller-Doblies D,Speed KCR,Kidd S,Davies RH

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against B. pertussis was assessed in a sample of adolescent, adult and senior subjects distributed in five different geographical areas in Italy. Most (99.1%) subjects had IgG anti-pertussis toxin (PT) antibodies exceeding the minimum detection level [> or = 2 ELISA units (EU)/...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Gabutti G,Bergamini M,Bonanni P,Guido M,Fenoglio D,Giammanco A,Sindoni L,Zotti C,Boddi V,Bamfi F,Severini R,Bechini A,Boccalini S,Crovari P,Collaborative Group for the Study of Pertussis.

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the 10-year period 1978-87 there were 48 outbreaks of food poisoning in Scottish hospitals affecting a total of 2287 persons of whom 12 died. This compared with 50 outbreaks during the previous 5 years (1973-77) when over 1500 persons and 7 deaths were recorded. Although the incidence of outbreaks has decreased...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Collier PW,Sharp JC,MacLeod AF,Forbes GI,Mackay F

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 100 tropical aquaria from six pet shops were sampled for the presence of Salmonella, Campylobacter and Aeromonas species. Eight fish tanks contained unusual serotypes of salmonella. None had been used to house terrapins. One hundred and three isolates of Aeromonas species were obtained from 98 tanks. One ta...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sanyal D,Burge SH,Hutchings PG

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate associations between indicators of livestock farming intensity (manure surplus and livestock density) and acute gastroenteritis hospitalization (AGH) rate, we conducted an ecological study on 306 selected agricultural municipalities of Quebec. We estimated the AGH rate for the period 2000-2004 from the Que...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Febriani Y,Levallois P,Lebel G,Gingras S

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:National health statistics report a 2·5-fold increase in laboratory-confirmed Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) cases over the last decade in Switzerland where no CT screening programme exists. We obtained essential denominator information to describe the epidemiology of CT in the canton of Basel-Stadt, an urban canton in no...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Schmutz C,Burki D,Frei R,Mäusezahl-Feuz M,Mäusezahl D

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence of 165 nucleotides at the 3' end of the 1D (VP1) gene of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was determined for 44 type Asia 1 strains isolated from throughout Asia between 1954-92. Analysis of the relationships between the virus genomes showed epidemiological links not previously evident. The possible ori...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Ansell DM,Samuel AR,Carpenter WC,Knowles NJ

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria with a view of generating evidence to enhance planning and response strategies. A national surveillance dataset between 27 February and 6 June 2020 was retrospectively analysed, with confirmatory testing for COVID-19 done by real-time ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Elimian KO,Ochu CL,Ilori E,Oladejo J,Igumbor E,Steinhardt L,Wagai J,Arinze C,Ukponu W,Obiekea C,Aderinola O,Crawford E,Olayinka A,Dan-Nwafor C,Okwor T,Disu Y,Yinka-Ogunleye A,Kanu NE,Olawepo OA,Aruna O,Michael CA

更新日期：2020-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimation of farm prevalence is common in veterinary research. Typically, not all animals within the farm are sampled, and imperfect tests are used. Often, assumptions about herd sizes and sampling proportions are made, which may be invalid in smallholder settings. We propose an alternative method for estimating farm...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Beauvais W,Orynbayev M,Guitian J

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is uncertain whether hospitalization among patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) increases during the influenza season. This retrospective cohort study used influenza surveillance data from the United States (1986-1987 to 1990-1991), clinical information from the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLV...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sandoval C,Walter SD,Krueger P,Smieja M,Smith A,Yusuf S,Loeb MB

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To estimate the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following Campylobacter jejuni infection (CI) we studied three populations where outbreaks of CI had occurred involving an estimated 8000 cases. No case of GBS was detected in the 6 months following the outbreaks in the local populations. The point estimate fo...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： McCarthy N,Andersson Y,Jormanainen V,Gustavsson O,Giesecke J

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A better understanding of physician practices in requesting stool samples for patients with acute gastroenteritis (AG) is needed to more accurately interpret laboratory-based surveillance data. A survey was conducted in General Practitioners (GPs) between August 2013 and July 2014 to estimate the proportion of stool s...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Van Cauteren D,Turbelin C,Fonteneau L,Hanslik T,De Valk H,Blanchon T

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF) is an epidemic disease with a fascinating history from Hippocrates' times, through the 6th century 'Yellow Plague', to epidemics in Ireland, Scotland and England in the 19th century and two large Afro-Middle Eastern pandemics in the 20th century. An endemic focus persists in Ethiopia...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Warrell DA

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subtypes of Campylobacter isolates from human infections in two Danish counties were compared to isolates from retail food samples and faecal samples from chickens, pigs and cattle. During a 1-year period, 1285 Campylobacter isolates from these sources were typed by two methods: 'Penner' heat-stable serotyping and...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Nielsen EM,Fussing V,Engberg J,Nielsen NL,Neimann J

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe the first cluster of cases of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in this century in the United Kingdom (UK). Between 1 January and 30 June 1994 there were six cases (five confirmed, one probable) of Streptococcus pyogenes NF in west Gloucestershire, population 320,000. Two cases died. The first two patients probab...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Cartwright K,Logan M,McNulty C,Harrison S,George R,Efstratiou A,McEvoy M,Begg N

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sera from an age-stratified sample of 4188 individuals, submitted for diagnostic purposes to 15 public health laboratories in England and Wales in 1996, were tested for hepatitis A antibody. The serological profiles were consistent with declining incidence in the past. This hypothesis was tested by comparing the serol...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Morris MC,Gay NJ,Hesketh LM,Morgan-Capner P,Miller E

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influenza virus continues to pose a significant threat to public health throughout the world. Current avian influenza outbreaks in humans have heightened the need for improved surveillance and planning. Despite recent advances in the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs, seasonal epidemics of influenza cont...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Fleming DM,Elliot AJ

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Healthcare workers (HCWs) reporting no history of varicella frequently receive varicella vaccination (vOka) if they test varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) negative. In this study, the utilities of VZV-IgG time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (VZV-TRFIA) and a commercial VZV-IgG purified glycoprotei...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Maple PA,Haedicke J,Quinlivan M,Steinberg SP,Gershon AA,Brown KE,Breuer J

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the frequency of Campylobacter as the principal cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the UK, outbreaks attributed to this pathogen are rare. One hundred and fourteen general foodborne outbreaks of campylobacteriosis were reported to the Health Protection Agency from 1992 to 2009 with most occurring in food se...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Little CL,Gormley FJ,Rawal N,Richardson JF

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three sources of data (general practice episode data from the Weekly Returns Service of the Royal College of General Practitioners, national hospital admission data for England and national mortality data by date of death) were examined separately in each winter (1994/1995 to 1999/2000) to investigate the impact of in...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Fleming DM,Cross KW,Pannell RS

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a review of published data concerning the epidemiology of measles in developing countries. Simple mathematical models provide a framework for data analysis and interpretation. The analyses highlight differences and similarities in the patterns of transmission of the measles virus in developed and d...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： McLean AR,Anderson RM

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite many years of state-sponsored efforts to eradicate the disease from cattle through testing and slaughter, bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is still regarded as the most important and complex of animal health challenges facing the British livestock agricultural industry. This paper provides a historical analysis of th...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Robinson PA

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal influenza virus epidemics have a major impact on healthcare systems. Data on population susceptibility to emerging influenza virus strains during the interepidemic period can guide planning for resource allocation of an upcoming influenza season. This study sought to assess the population susceptibility to re...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Chen LL,Wu WL,Chan WM,Fong CHY,Ng ACK,Ip JD,Lu L,Dissanayake TK,Ding X,Cai JP,Zhang AJX,Tam S,Hung IFN,Chan KH,Yuen KY,To KKW

更新日期：2019-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The notification rate of Legionnaires' disease (LD) in France was 2.4/100 000 population in 2010, varying across regions with an increasing rate from west to east. Two sources [mandatory notifications (MN) and a survey of hospital laboratories] were used in a capture-recapture study to estimate the number of LD cases ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Campese C,Jarraud S,Sommen C,Maine C,Che D

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Demographic and epidemiological field data were used in a deterministic model to describe dog rabies transmission in Machakos District, Kenya and to predict the impact of potential vaccination strategies for its control. The basic reproduction number (R0) was estimated to be 2.44 (1.52-3.36, 95% confidence limits). Th...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Kitala PM,McDermott JJ,Coleman PG,Dye C

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing number of infectious pathogens are spreading among geographic regions. Some pathogens that were previously not considered to pose a general threat to human health have emerged at regional and global scales, such as Zika and Ebola Virus Disease. Other pathogens, such as yellow fever virus, were previously tho...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Kraemer MUG,Cummings DAT,Funk S,Reiner RC,Faria NR,Pybus OG,Cauchemez S

更新日期：2018-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated whether straight-line distance from residential compounds to healthcare facilities influenced mortality, the incidence of pneumonia and vaccine efficacy against pneumonia in rural Gambia. Clinical surveillance for pneumonia was conducted on 6938 children living in the catchment areas of the two largest...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Zaman SM,Cox J,Enwere GC,Bottomley C,Greenwood BM,Cutts FT

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aims of this descriptive study were to confirm the high incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) previously reported from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and to relate SSPE to previous measles vaccination and measles illness. From February 1997 to April 1999 we diagnosed a total of 55 patients with SSPE at G...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Takasu T,Mgone JM,Mgone CS,Miki K,Komase K,Namae H,Saito Y,Kokubun Y,Nishimura T,Kawanishi R,Mizutani T,Markus TJ,Kono J,Asuo PG,Alpers MP

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00