Abstract:
:In this retrospective study, we describe and analyse Salmonella data from four livestock species in Great Britain between 1983 and 2014, focusing on Salmonella Typhimurium. A total of 96 044 Salmonella isolates were obtained during the study period. S. Typhimurium was the predominant serovar isolated from cattle and pigs and represented 40.7% (18 455/45 336) and 58.3% (4495/7709) of isolates from these species respectively, while it only accounted for 6.7% (2114/31 492) of chicken isolates and 8.1% (926/11 507) of turkey isolates. Over the study period, DT104 was the most common phage type in all four species; however, DT104 peaked in occurrence between 1995 and 1999, but is currently rare. Monophasic strains of S. Typhimurium represented less than 3% of all Salmonella isolates in cattle and chickens in 2014, but accounted for 10.4% of all turkey isolates and 39.0% of all pig isolates in the same year. Salmonella isolates were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials. Antimicrobial resistance of S. Typhimurium isolates is largely influenced by the dominance of specific phage types at a certain time, which are commonly associated with particular resistance patterns. Changes in resistance patterns over time were analysed and compared between species.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Mueller-Doblies D,Speed KCR,Kidd S,Davies RHdoi
10.1017/S095026881800002Xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-01 00:00:00pages
409-422issue
4eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S095026881800002Xjournal_volume
146pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The aims of this descriptive study were to confirm the high incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) previously reported from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and to relate SSPE to previous measles vaccination and measles illness. From February 1997 to April 1999 we diagnosed a total of 55 patients with SSPE at G...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008999
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence were studied determining IgG and IgA antibodies of 408 randomly selected adults aged 15-74 years living in Vammala, Finland in 1973 and of 504 similarly selected subjects in 1994. Seroprevalence increased by age at both time points. The age-adjusted seroprevalence rate was...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007565
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In August 2015 a gastroenteritis outbreak occurred following a wedding. An outbreak investigation was undertaken and a cohort study was conducted using an online survey. Of 140 guests, 134 received the survey and 113 responded (84·3% response rate). Seventy respondents met the case definition of vomiting and/or diarrh...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816003368
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Waterborne disease outbreaks (WBDO) of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) are a public health concern in France. Their occurrence is probably underestimated due to the lack of a specific surveillance system. The French health insurance database provides an interesting opportunity to improve the detection of these ev...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001673
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within-household transmission of Escherichia coli may contribute to the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection but understanding of transmission is limited by the lack of longitudinal data on individual shedding patterns. In this study, faecal E. coli was isolated over 6 months from 18 humans and 13 dogs in eight hou...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880900226X
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::IgM- and IgG-capture ELISAs are widely used as diagnostic tests for confirmation of dengue virus infection. The positive rate of anti-dengue IgM and IgG detection was examined in primary and secondary dengue virus infections in the setting of a provincial hospital using IgM- and IgG-capture ELISAs. Disease day 1 was d...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805005753
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ireland reports the highest incidence of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) infection in Europe. This study investigated potential risk factors for confirmed sporadic and outbreak primary VTEC infections during 2008-2013. Overall, 989 VTEC infections including 521 serogroup O157 and 233 serogroup O26 were geo-refer...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881600193X
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose an age-structured mathematical model for respiratory syncytial virus in which children aged <1 year are especially considered. Real data on hospitalized children in the Spanish region of Valencia were used in order to determine some seasonal parameters of the model. Weekly predictions of the number of child...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809991373
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous modelling studies have estimated that between 1% and 10% of human salmonella infections are attributable to pig meat consumption. In response to this food safety threat the British pig industry have initiated a salmonella monitoring programme. It is anticipated that this programme will contribute to achieving...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807008485
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2014, the Food and Drug Administration approved a new human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine (9vHPV), targeting nine HPV types: HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, which are also targeted by the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (qHPV), plus five additional high cancer risk HPV types (HPV types 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58). The aim of t...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268817000747
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following Campylobacter jejuni infection (CI) we studied three populations where outbreaks of CI had occurred involving an estimated 8000 cases. No case of GBS was detected in the 6 months following the outbreaks in the local populations. The point estimate fo...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001861
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective observational study 4,485 patients from 46 clinical centres in 17 European countries were followed between April 1994 and November 1996. Information on AIDS-defining events (ADEs) were collected together with basic demographic data, treatment history and laboratory results. The centres were divided in...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802007719
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic Vibrio species are naturally-occurring bacteria in freshwater and saline aquatic environments. Counts of free-living bacteria in water are generally less than required to induce disease. Increases in number of organisms towards an infective dose can occur as water temperatures rise seasonally followed by gr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0950268800030326
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify predictive factors and mortality of patients with influenza admitted to intensive care units (ICU) we carried out a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in adult ICUs in a network of Canadian hospitals between 2006 and 2012. There were 626 influenza-positive...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002113
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed two large national surveys conducted in 2001 and 2008 to examine incidence and outcomes of gastroenteritis in older Australians. A case was someone reporting ≥3 loose stools or ≥1 episode of vomiting in 24 h, excluding non-infectious causes. We compared cases arising in the elderly (≥65 years) and in other...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811002834
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgical site infections (SSI) are a significant cause of post-surgical morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of SSI and identify risk factors for infections following cesarean section (CS). A prospective study of SSI after CS was carried out from January 2014 to Decemb...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819001675
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::CYP2C19 polymorphisms and smoking influence the efficacy of H. pylori eradication therapy, but interaction between the two have hitherto not been examined. A total of 142 H. pylori-positive patients who received triple drug therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin were categorized into three groups wi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268806006613
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible relationship between the results of a microbiological sampling programme and visual inspections carried out in local food-manufacturing premises was examined. Using five main parameters - overall appearance, personal hygiene, risk of contamination, temperature control, and training and education - a visua...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800030880
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of three high-risk occupational groups using Rose Bengal and complement fixation tests, the highest prevalence (7.1%) was found among dairy farm workers and owners in randomly selected dairy-cattle farms, followed by veterinary personnel (4.5%) and inhabitants in pastoralist areas (3.0%). There was no evide...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802007215
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) disease is a condition of clinical and public health significance. We conducted epidemiological analyses to determine if the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints (diarrhea and/or vomiting) early in the course of invasive GAS disease is associated with either of two severe o...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990938
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent resurgence in serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been observed in the United Kingdom. More information on Hib transmission in the population is required in order to better understand the mechanism of this increase. The Public Health Laboratory Service (subsumed into the Health P...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002122
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Equine influenza virus (EIV) causes a highly contagious respiratory disease in equids, with confirmed outbreaks in Europe, America, North Africa, and Asia. Although China, Mongolia, and Japan have reported equine influenza outbreaks, Korea has not. Since 2011, we have conducted a routine surveillance programme to dete...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881300143X
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noroviruses (NoVs) are major causal agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans. NoV GII.4 is the predominant genotype globally. However, uncommon and minor types of NoVs are consistently detected and some have been shown to dominate over GII.4. Therefore, the prevalence of dominant and uncommon NoVs makes the identific...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268817001273
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-infected individuals with high levels of IgG antibodies against human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) are at increased risk of developing Kaposi's sarcoma. The aim of this study was to measure the association between HHV-8 viraemia and IgG antibody responses (by immunofluorescence) in a group of 201 HIV-infected individuals...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001146
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey of the seroprevalence of pertussis antibodies in a representative sample of the population from Catalonia was carried out. Ninety-seven municipalities and 30 schools were randomly selected to recruit the 2126 subjects who participated in the study. A serum sample was obtained from all individuals participatin...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268801005325
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF) is an epidemic disease with a fascinating history from Hippocrates' times, through the 6th century 'Yellow Plague', to epidemics in Ireland, Scotland and England in the 19th century and two large Afro-Middle Eastern pandemics in the 20th century. An endemic focus persists in Ethiopia...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268819000116
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) for assessing the potential risk of dengue virus emergence and distribution in Western Australia (WA) is presented and used to identify possible hotspots of dengue outbreaks in summer and winter. The model assesses the probabilities of two kinds of events which must take place before an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002090
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two global (re-)emerging zoonoses, leptospirosis and hantavirus infections, are clinically indistinguishable. Thirty-one patients, hospitalized in Sri Lanka for acute severe leptospirosis, were after exclusion of other potentially involved pathogens, prospectively screened with IgM ELISA for both pathogens. Of these, ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814003707
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment options for Hepatitis C infection have greatly improved with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combinations achieving high cure rates. Nevertheless, the cost of this treatment is still high and access to treatment in many countries has been preferentially reserved for patients with more severe fibrosis (F3 and F...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0950268819001225
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targets for maximum acceptable levels of Salmonella in pigs and pork are to be decided. A stochastic simulation model accounting for herd and abattoir information was used to evaluate food safety and economic consequences of different surveillance and control strategies, based among others on Danish surveillance data....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810001767
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00