The changing epidemiological pattern of hepatitis A in England and Wales.

abstract：:In 1996 Japan had a big outbreak of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7, especially in Osaka prefecture where about 6000 patients (mainly schoolchildren) suffered from diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) due to EHEC infection via school lunch. Our survey of doctors who ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Yoh M,Honda T

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Targets for maximum acceptable levels of Salmonella in pigs and pork are to be decided. A stochastic simulation model accounting for herd and abattoir information was used to evaluate food safety and economic consequences of different surveillance and control strategies, based among others on Danish surveillance data....

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Baptista FM,Halasa T,Alban L,Nielsen LR

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In August 2015 a gastroenteritis outbreak occurred following a wedding. An outbreak investigation was undertaken and a cohort study was conducted using an online survey. Of 140 guests, 134 received the survey and 113 responded (84·3% response rate). Seventy respondents met the case definition of vomiting and/or diarrh...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Smith KC,Inns T,Decraene V,Fox A,Allen DJ,Shah A

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to quantitate the relationship between neutropenia and rates of clinical bacteraemia among adults with HIV infection receiving medical care at one institution between 1991-5. The primary exposure, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), was summarized as mean ANC within a given week...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Caperna J,Barber RE,Toerner JG,Mathews WC

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a nucleic acid dot-blot hybridization test for the detection of astroviruses in stool samples. The test was not as sensitive as electron microscopy for the detection of low numbers of well preserved astrovirus particles, but was able to identify astroviruses in stools containing particles of indistin...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Willcocks MM,Carter MJ,Silcock JG,Madeley CR

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 598 isolates of Shigella species (24 S. dysenteriae, 254 S. flexneri, 30 S. boydii, 290 S. sonnei) submitted to the Ontario Public Health Laboratories in 1990 were tested for their susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. Overall 79.6% of isolates were resistant to one or more ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Harnett N

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influenza virus continues to pose a significant threat to public health throughout the world. Current avian influenza outbreaks in humans have heightened the need for improved surveillance and planning. Despite recent advances in the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs, seasonal epidemics of influenza cont...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Fleming DM,Elliot AJ

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from the first sentinel site (Waterloo Region, Ontario) of the Canadian Integrated Enteric Disease Surveillance System (C-EnterNet) were used in a secondary-based case-control study of laboratory-confirmed Cryptosporidium infections to study the role of various exposure factors. The incidence of cryptosporidiosis...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Pintar KD,Pollari F,Waltner-Toews D,Charron DF,McEwen SA,Fazil A,Nesbitt A

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ornithosis outbreaks in poultry processing plants are well-described, but evidence for preventive measures is currently lacking. This study describes a case-control study into an outbreak of ornithosis at a poultry processing plant in the East of England, identified following three employees being admitted to hospital...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Williams CJ,Sillis M,Fearne V,Pezzoli L,Beasley G,Bracebridge S,Reacher M,Nair P

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 100 tropical aquaria from six pet shops were sampled for the presence of Salmonella, Campylobacter and Aeromonas species. Eight fish tanks contained unusual serotypes of salmonella. None had been used to house terrapins. One hundred and three isolates of Aeromonas species were obtained from 98 tanks. One ta...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sanyal D,Burge SH,Hutchings PG

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over Christmas 1993, an outbreak of food poisoning occurred among guests in a hotel in South West Scotland. Evidence from a cohort study strongly suggested that raw oysters were the vehicle for infection, probably due to a Small Round Structured Virus (SRSV). Detailed enquiry about the source and preparation of the oy...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Chalmers JW,McMillan JH

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim was to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and risk factors for HIV infection in various population subgroups in Ethiopia. Serum panels from blood donors (n = 2610), from various population subgroups in Ethiopia were tested for anti-HIV-1/2 by ELISA. All ELISA repeatedly reactive samples were subjected f...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sentjens RE,Sisay Y,Vrielink H,Kebede D,Adèr HJ,Leckie G,Reesink HW

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Japan has been free from rabies since 1958. A strict import regimen has been adopted since 2004 consisting of identification of an animal with microchip, two-time rabies vaccination, neutralizing antibody titration test and a waiting period of 180 days. The present study aims to quantitatively assess the risk of rabie...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Kwan NC,Sugiura K,Hosoi Y,Yamada A,Snary EL

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Roughly half (54%) of the 910 young conscripts at a garrison in Finland were vaccinated with commercial influenza vaccines in autumn 1998. During the influenza outbreak in February 1999, 12 H3N2-subtype virus strains were isolated from vaccinated patients, and 11 such strains were isolated from unvaccinated patients. ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Pyhälä R,Ikonen N,Haanpää M,Santanen R,Tervahauta R

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common blood-borne infection in the USA. Estimating prevalence is critical for monitoring diagnosis, treatment, and cure and for allocating resources. Surveillance data reported to the New York City (NYC) Health Department, 2000-2015, were used to estimate HCV prev...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Bocour A,Greene SK,Laraque F,Winters A

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the evaluation of a bancroftian filariasis control programme undertaken in Pondicherry from 1981-5. Integrated vector management was applied in one half of the town, and routine operations under the national programme (larviciding and chemotherapy) continued in the comparison area. The programme ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Subramanian S,Pani SP,Das PK,Rajagopalan PK

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent resurgence in serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been observed in the United Kingdom. More information on Hib transmission in the population is required in order to better understand the mechanism of this increase. The Public Health Laboratory Service (subsumed into the Health P...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： McVernon J,Howard AJ,Slack MP,Ramsay ME

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mathematical modelling is an important tool for understanding the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases, which could be the result of a natural outbreak or of the intentional release of pathogenic biological agents. Decision makers and policymakers responsible for strategies to contain disease, prevent epidemi...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Baldassi F,D'Amico F,Carestia M,Cenciarelli O,Mancinelli S,Gilardi F,Malizia A,DI Giovanni D,Soave PM,Bellecci C,Gaudio P,Palombi L

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In late 2002, health professionals from the ministries of health and academia of Jordan, the Palestinian Authority and Israel formed the Middle East Consortium on Infectious Disease Surveillance (MECIDS) to facilitate trans-border cooperation in response to infectious disease outbreaks. The first mission of MECIDS was...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Cohen D,Gargouri N,Ramlawi A,Abdeen Z,Belbesi A,Al Hijawi B,Haddadin A,Sheikh Ali S,Al Shuaibi N,Bassal R,Yishai R,Green MS,Leventhal A

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prevalence survey was conducted using tuberculin skin test (TST) and Quantiferon test (QFT) in 1218 healthcare workers (HCWs) in Medellín, Colombia. In order to improve the prevalence estimates, a latent class model was built using a Bayesian approach with informative priors on t...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Ochoa J,León AL,Ramírez IC,Lopera CM,Bernal E,Arbeláez MP

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SUMMARY Wild canids are potential hosts for numerous species of Bartonella, yet little research has been done to quantify their infection rates in South America. We sought to investigate Bartonella seroprevalence in captive wild canids from 19 zoos in São Paulo and Mato Grosso states, Brazil. Blood samples were collec...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Fleischman DA,Chomel BB,Kasten RW,André MR,Gonçalves LR,Machado RZ

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli O157 are zoonotic bacteria for which cattle are an important reservoir. Prevalence estimates for E. coli O157 in British cattle for human consumption are over 10 years old. A new baseline is needed to inform current human health risk. The British E. coli O157 in Cattle Study (BECS) ran between Septemb...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Henry MK,Tongue SC,Evans J,Webster C,McKENDRICK IJ,Morgan M,Willett A,Reeves A,Humphry RW,Gally DL,Gunn GJ,Chase-Topping ME

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studying the epidemiology of pertussis and impact of differing vaccine schedules is difficult because of differing methods of case ascertainment. The advent of internationally standardized serological diagnosis for recent infection has allowed comparison of age-specific pertussis infection among European countries and...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Cagney M,MacIntyre CR,McIntyre P,Puech M,Giammanco A

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a well-established cause of traveller's diarrhoea and occasional domestic foodborne illness outbreaks in the USA. Although ETEC are not detected by conventional stool culture methods used in clinical laboratories, syndromic culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) capable...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Buuck S,Smith K,Fowler RC,Cebelinski E,Lappi V,Boxrud D,Medus C

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the roles of multiple factors in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with emphasis on the modification of various individual characteristics on the risk associated with percutaneous exposure to blood. Serum samples taken from 4869 men in Taiwan within a cohort study were tested for HCV antibody. Th...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Chang HC,Yu MW,Lu CF,Chiu YH,Chen CJ

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:National health statistics report a 2·5-fold increase in laboratory-confirmed Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) cases over the last decade in Switzerland where no CT screening programme exists. We obtained essential denominator information to describe the epidemiology of CT in the canton of Basel-Stadt, an urban canton in no...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Schmutz C,Burki D,Frei R,Mäusezahl-Feuz M,Mäusezahl D

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annual overviews of waterborne disease outbreaks associated with untreated recreational water use provided by authorities responsible for bathing-water quality and public health in The Netherlands revealed 742 outbreaks during 1991-2007 mainly comprising of skin conditions (48%) and gastroenteritis (31%) and involving...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Schets FM,De Roda Husman AM,Havelaar AH

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the incidence of cases of nosocomial pathogens and risk factors in an intensive treatment unit ward to determine if the number of cases is dependent on location of patients and the colonization/infection history of the ward. A clustering approach method was developed to investigate the patterns of spre...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Rushton SP,Shirley MD,Sheridan EA,Lanyon CV,O'Donnell AG

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plague, which is most often caused by the bite of Yersinia pestis-infected fleas, is a rapidly progressing, serious disease that can be fatal without prompt antibiotic treatment. In late December 2007, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred in Nimroz Province of southern Afghanistan. Of the 83 probable cases of...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Leslie T,Whitehouse CA,Yingst S,Baldwin C,Kakar F,Mofleh J,Hami AS,Mustafa L,Omar F,Ayazi E,Rossi C,Noormal B,Ziar N,Kakar R

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eradication of poliomyelitis most likely will occur. In fact, it is almost gone from the Western Hemisphere. Health workers in Sweden, Finland, and the Netherlands routinely vaccinate almost all children with the inactivated poliovaccines (IPV). Despite good vaccination coverage, polio can still occur. For example...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Melnick JL

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00