Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Remnant lipoproteins that persist in the bloodstream after each meal have become increasingly important contributors to atherosclerotic vascular disease, owing to the spread of overnutrition, underexertion, obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Here, we review recent work that clarified long-standing controversies over the molecular mediators of remnant clearance by the liver, as well as their dysregulation - but possible correction - during alterations in caloric balance. RECENT FINDINGS:Two endocytic receptors, the syndecan-1 heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and the LDL receptor, plus one docking receptor, SR-BI, significantly contribute to normal hepatic remnant catabolism. Compelling evidence exists for dysfunction of the syndecan-1 HSPG in diabetic states. The major molecular defect identified so far in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes is impaired hepatic HSPG assembly. In contrast, the primary defect in hepatic HSPGs in type 2 diabetes appears to arise from accelerated de-sulfation, owing to the induction of a sulfatase. Moreover, short-term caloric restriction restores hepatic expression of this sulfatase towards normal. SUMMARY:Correct identification of hepatic remnant receptors has finally allowed investigations of their molecular dysregulation in diabetes and related conditions. New work points to novel therapeutic targets to correct postprandial dyslipoproteinemia and its consequent arterial damage.
journal_name
Curr Opin Lipidoljournal_title
Current opinion in lipidologyauthors
Williams KJ,Chen Kdoi
10.1097/MOL.0b013e328338cabcsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
218-28issue
3eissn
0957-9672issn
1473-6535pii
00041433-201006000-00010journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although the role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating multiple physiological processes including apoptosis, cell differentiation, and cancer is well established, the importance of these tiny RNAs in regulating lipid metabolism has only recently been uncovered. This review summarizes the evidence for ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283428d9d
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fibrates continue to be a viable treatment option for mixed atherogenic dyslipidemia, and recent reports from clinical studies have shed new light on the therapeutic utility of fibrates for the prevention of microvascular and macrovascular disease, especially in combination with statins. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32834701c3
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is well recognized that adipose tissue in obesity is characterized by macrophage accumulation and local inflammation. This review summarizes current evidence regarding dietary cholesterol on adipose tissue macrophage accrual, systemic inflammation and its potential link to atherosclerosis. RECENT ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e32831bef8b
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:mAbs targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have the potential to become groundbreaking therapies for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. However, one major drawback of mAb-based therapy for a chronic condition like dyslipidemia is its relatively high cost. This review summ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000312
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression profiling and genomic DNA sequence comparisons are increasingly being applied to the identification and analysis of the genes that are involved in lipid metabolism. Not only has genome-wide expression profiling aided in the identification of novel genes that are involved in important processes in lipid meta...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200204000-00009
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We will discuss the diverse roles of lipoprotein receptors that contribute to the maintenance and integrity of the vascular wall. RECENT FINDINGS:Lipoprotein receptors function not only as transporters for cholesterol and other lipids. They also act as sensors and signal transducers through which the...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200404000-00010
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present review summarizes recent advances in the transcriptional regulation of the human apolipoprotein genes, focusing mostly, but not exclusively, on in-vivo studies and signaling mechanisms that affect apolipoprotein gene transcription. An attempt is made to explain how interactions of transcription factors tha...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200104000-00012
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose is to evaluate recent findings concerning dietary fats and the risk of coronary heart disease. Monounsaturated fatty acids are often regarded as healthy, and many have recommended their consumption instead of saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Support for the benefits o...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200302000-00008
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article provides recent insights on the early onset of atherosclerosis in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and reports on novel treatment options as well as on the consequences of long-term statin use in childhood. RECENT FINDINGS:Children with familial hypercholesterolemia have greate...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000177
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the LDL receptor family members recognize apolipoprotein E. The structures of the VLDL receptor, and recently identified apolipoprotein E receptor 2, closely resemble the LDL receptor. Recent studies have demonstrated that the VLDL receptor is responsible for the reproduction of premammalian species by mediati...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199610000-00007
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Most LDL-lowering trials are limited in duration while the disease process occurs over decades. It is informative, therefore, to evaluate the long-term effects of treatment by undertaking extended observation beyond the formal double-blind phase of intervention studies. The current review brings toget...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000230
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with a high lifetime risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, this risk is variable. This review evaluates recent evidence related to ASCVD risk stratification in familial hypercholesterolemia considering aspects of phenotype and geno...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000391
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study was to provide valuable information on the ability of fibrates to reduce cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this review is to analyse results from FIELD and to see whether they may lead to modify t...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000252612.21602.e3
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerotic macrovascular disease is the leading cause of both morbidity and mortality in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Endothelial dysfunction is a key, early and potentially reversible event in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Its occurrence in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is well supported...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199910000-00002
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To examine the role of gut microbiota in the regulation of host energy homeostasis and its role in the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RECENT FINDINGS:Experimental models highlight several mechanisms connecting gut microbiota to host energy metabolism: ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283347ebb
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To discuss crucial cues (chemokines, adhesion molecules and pharmacological means) that guide and control the context-specific mobilization, recruitment and fate of circulating progenitor cells in arterial repair and plaque stability. RECENT FINDINGS:The mobilization and recruitment of bone marrow de...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32830dfe33
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low folate intake is an important determinant of elevated blood levels of homocysteine. Because elevated homocysteine has been shown to be a possible graded risk factor for CHD, sufficient folate intake may be important in the prevention of CHD. The magnitude of the association between folate and CHD is consistent wit...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199802000-00005
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Control of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype is essential in the development and maintenance of a healthy vasculature. Acquisition of a synthetic, proproliferative phenotype by VSMCs following vascular insult is central to neointimal formation and the development of vascular pathology. Micr...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32835719a1
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss recent advances in the understanding of the physiological role of lipoprotein lipase in lipid and energy metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS:Studies on the transcriptional and the posttranscriptional level of lipoprotein lipase expression have provided new i...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200210000-00002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines recent evidence proposing that lipids and lipoproteins can act as nuclear factors regulating chromatin structure. These novel data broaden our understanding of the mechanisms by which lipoproteins can affect basic biological phenomena such as transcription, genome stability, and c...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000180165.70077.ee
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent primary prevention trials demonstrated that cardiovascular morbidity and mortality benefits are not accompanied by adverse effects on overall mortality and morbidity in cohorts representing plasma cholesterol concentrations observed in the bulk of coronary artery disease. During the past year, further analyses ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199812000-00006
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis is a complex interplay of a multitude of metabolic pathways situated in different organs. The liver plays a central role and has received most attention of the research community. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the understanding of the emerging role...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283395e45
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; we highlight the most recent research initiatives that have sought to define Lp(a)-dependent pathogenicity as well as pharmacologic approaches to lowering Lp(a). RECENT FINDINGS:Recent large-scale meta-analyses have confirmed elevate...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32835111d8
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The metabolic syndrome has become a leading health concern in developed countries. In the search for strategies to combat this growing problem, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) inhibition has been proposed as an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, recent studies warn of potentially harmful conse...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32833854ac
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review highlights the recent key advances in our understanding of the role of phospholipid transfer protein in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS:The overexpression of human phospholipid transfer protein in mice is associated with an increase in atherosclerosis. This is consistent...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200406000-00004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The interest for the human HDL system was recently revived by the identification of the ABCA1 as a critical component in the formation and maintenance of plasma HDL levels. The present review focuses on recent progress in our understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying HDL biogenesis pathways. R...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000226117.43178.7c
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In the last 2 years, significant advances in the understanding of HDL particle structure and the associations between particle structure, function, and atherosclerosis have been made. We will review and provide clinical and epidemiological context to these recent advances. RECENT FINDINGS:Several rec...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000571
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Over the past two decades serious efforts has been invested in the search for genes that predispose to common obesity, but progress has been slow and success limited. Genome-wide association, however, has revived optimism. Here we review recent advances in the field of obesity genetics and discuss the...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3282f6a7f3
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The association of dietary intake and fatty liver disease (FLD) is of importance for disease prevention. Dietary pattern analysis enables the investigation of overall diet and permits to take interactions and cumulative effects of dietary components into account. This review summarizes recent findings...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000141
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytokines interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and, potentially, to atherogenesis. The synthesis of these cytokines in humans can be suppressed by oral intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This mechanism may contribute to the beneficial effect of lon...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199602000-00011
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00