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Functional disconnection of frontal cortex and visual cortex in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Current pathophysiologic models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that impaired functional connectivity within brain attention networks may contribute to the disorder. In this electroencephalographic (EEG) study, we analyzed cross-frequency amplitude correlations to investigate differences in cue-induced functional connectivity in typically developing children and children with ADHD. METHODS:Electroencephalographic activity was recorded in 25 children aged 8 to 12 years (14 with ADHD) while they performed a cross-modal attention task in which cues signaled the most likely (.75 probability) modality of an upcoming target. The power spectra of the EEG in the theta (3-5 Hz) and alpha (8-12 Hz) bands were calculated for the 1-sec interval after the cue and before the target while subjects prepared to discriminate the expected target. RESULTS:Both groups showed behavioral benefits of the predictive attentional cues, being faster and more accurate for validly cued targets (e.g., visual target preceded by a cue predicting a visual target) than to invalidly cued targets (e.g., visual target preceded by a cue predicting an auditory target); in addition, independent of cue-target validity, typical children were faster to respond overall. In the typically developing children, the alpha activity was differentially modulated by the two cues and anticorrelated with midfrontal theta activity; these EEG correlates of attentional control were not observed in the children with ADHD. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings provide neurophysiological evidence for a specific deficit in top-down attentional control in children with ADHD that is manifested as a functional disconnection between frontal and occipital cortex.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Mazaheri A,Coffey-Corina S,Mangun GR,Bekker EM,Berry AS,Corbett BA

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.11.022

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-04-01 00:00:00

pages

617-23

issue

7

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(09)01415-2

journal_volume

67

pub_type

杂志文章

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