Abstract：
:Several studies have reported prolonged neural transmission times on auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) measured in autistic children, a finding which implicates CNS dysfunction at the level of the brainstem in autistic conditions. This study measured ABRs in 25 children and adults with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs), including autism, and 25 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Subjects were carefully evaluated audiometrically and neurologically and artifact was controlled to produce highly reliable measures. Prolonged transmission times were seen in only one PDD subject and in one normal control, while shortened transmission times were seen in four PDD subjects. The majority of PDD subjects showed normal ABRs. Previous reports of a significant incidence of prolonged transmission times among autistic and autisticlike subjects, thus, were not replicated. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Rumsey JM,Grimes AM,Pikus AM,Duara R,Ismond DRsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-10-01 00:00:00pages
1403-18issue
10eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Marked interindividual differences in vulnerability to nicotine dependence exist, but factors underlying such differences are not well understood. The midbrain alpha4beta2* subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) has been implicated in mediation of the reinforcing effects of nicotine responsibl...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.09.036
更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent research suggests that immune dysregulation in pregnancy could be a risk factor for anxiety and depression symptoms in offspring. Whereas animal studies have demonstrated the importance of the link between perinatal cytokines and abnormal behaviors in offspring, human epidemiological studies in this a...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.10.009
更新日期：2020-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Kraepelin originally conceptualized schizophrenia as a degenerative brain disorder. It remains unclear whether the illness is characterized by a static encephalopathy or a deterioration of brain function, or periods of each condition. Assessments of cognitive function, as measured by neuropsychologic assessm...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00240-7
更新日期：2000-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent regulators of gene expression with proposed roles in brain development and function. We hypothesized that miRNA expression profiles are altered in individuals with severe psychiatric disorders. METHODS:With real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we compared the expre...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.039
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. One study has suggested that genetic variation in the AKT1 gene might influence this effect. METHODS:In a case-control study of 489 first-episode psychosis patients and 278 control subjects, we investigated the interaction between variation at ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.020
更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, so it was expected that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) would be associated with activation of this axis; however, studies have found both increased and decreased cortisol in PTSD. To address this question, we collected saliva cortisol at h...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.05.011
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten patients with panic disorder and 10 matched control subjects were compared as to their blood pressure and heart rate during regular daily activity. Physiological responses were monitored by ambulatory recorder, and subjective reports of mood were collected. Data were analyzed controlling for activity and stress le...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00048-8
更新日期：1995-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The present review explores the descriptive epidemiology of schizophrenia. Risk factors and correlates are divided into three groups based on whether the available evidence is consistent and strong, consistent and potentially strong, or inconsistent. The paper then considers epidemiologic studies of the course of illn...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00153-5
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Subjects with autism suffer from impairments of social interaction, deviations in language usage, as well as restricted and stereotyped patterns of behavior. These characteristics are found irrespective of age, IQ, and gender of affected subjects. However, brain changes due to age, IQ, and gender might pose ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.03.026
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Reduction of precuneus choline acetyltransferase activity co-occurs with greater beta-amyloid (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether this cholinergic deficit is associated with alteration in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling and its relation to Aβ plaque and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology during...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.12.016
更新日期：2015-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Experimental animal studies suggest that early glucocorticoid exposure may have lasting effects on the neurodevelopment of the offspring; animal studies also suggest that this effect may be eliminated by positive postnatal rearing. The relevance of these findings to humans is not known. METHODS:We prospecti...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.002
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Major prevention trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are now focusing on multidomain lifestyle interventions. However, the exact combination of behavioral factors related to AD pathology remains unclear. In 2 cohorts of cognitively unimpaired individuals at risk of AD, we examined which combinations of perso...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.023
更新日期：2020-02-06 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is well-known heterogeneity in affective mechanisms in depression that may extend to positive affect. We used data-driven parsing of neural connectivity to reveal subgroups present across depressed and healthy individuals during positive processing, informing targets for mechanistic intervention. METH...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.023
更新日期：2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Working memory impairments are commonly found in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and often improve with psychostimulant treatment. Little is known about how these medications affect the function of frontoparietal brain regions engaged for working memory. This study used functional magnetic re...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.11.011
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Learned helplessness is a behavioral condition induced by exposure to inescapable stress that models aspects of stress-related disorders including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder, and has been associated with diminished serotonin release in the rat frontal cortex. Our hypothesis was that presynaptic 5-hyd...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00114-X
更新日期：1997-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is unknown, but several neurotransmitters, e.g., acetylcholine, have been implicated. Recently, the group of calcium channel antagonists have been reviewed for their potential neuropsychiatric applications. These agents are capable of enhancing cholinergic tone, neurofilament/...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(90)90050-c
更新日期：1990-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fatigue is highly prevalent and causes serious disruption in quality of life. Although the underlying biological mechanism is unknown, increases in inflammation have been implicated. This prospective study examined the association between C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of systemic inflammation, and fa...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.06.008
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Degeneration of the locus coeruleus (LC), the major noradrenergic nucleus in the brain, occurs early and is ubiquitous in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Experimental lesions to the LC exacerbate AD-like neuropathology and cognitive deficits in several transgenic mouse models of AD. Because the LC contains multipl...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.013
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A polymorphism of the human serotonin transporter gene (SCL6A4) has been associated with serotonin transporter expression and with processing of aversive stimuli in the amygdala. Functional imaging studies show that during the presentation of aversive versus neutral cues, healthy carriers of the short (s) al...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.019
更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent research has demonstrated that clinical depression can emerge as early as the preschool period. Here, we examine brain function in children with a history of preschool-onset depression (PO-MDD) in comparison with healthy children. METHODS:Participants were medication naïve school-aged children (ages ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.009
更新日期：2012-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present paper was to perform a single trial analysis of event-related potentials in order to elucidate the mechanisms behind a reduced P300 amplitude occurring in unmedicated depressives (n = 11) and schizophrenics (n = 18). For this purpose, tools from linear system theory were applied to single trials...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00652-4
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the present study was to describe the distribution of regional cerebral blood flow during the hypnotic state (HS) in humans, using positron-emission tomography (PET) and statistical parametric mapping. METHODS:The hypnotic state relied on revivification of pleasant autobiographical memories and w...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00546-5
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:EEGs were recorded for two groups of chronic alcoholics who scored at opposite extremes on the Shipley Institute of Living Scale. The groups were matched in terms of age and drinking history variables and were compared to age-matched control subjects for left and right precentral (F-T) and postcentral (C-O) placements...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal dominant metabolic disorder that has various psychiatric manifestations. This is a report of a case who had six brief psychotic episodes of varying nature within a 2-month period. The psychotic manifestations included catatonic stupor, hypomania, and delirium in diffe...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(94)90085-x
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of age, cognitive function (measured by Cambridge cognitive examination (CAM-COG) score); and dexamethasone (DEX) levels on the dexamethasone suppression test were studied in 33 healthy older subjects (age 51-96). Three subjects (9.1%) were nonsuppressors and were older and had lower CAMCOG scores than the...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(94)91214-9
更新日期：1994-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Like fear conditioning, the acquisition phase of extinction involves new learning that is mediated by the amygdala. During extinction training, the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus, and the expression of previously learned fear gradually becomes suppre...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.10.012
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, ketamine, induces a range of symptoms resembling those seen in schizophrenia. Enhancement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) function may have potential as a treatment for the cognitive deficits and negative symptoms of schizophreni...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.05.009
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In specific vole and primate species the neuropeptide oxytocin plays a central role in the regulation of pair-bonding behavior. Here we investigate the extent to which genetic variants in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) are associated with pair-bonding and related social behaviors in humans. METHODS:We fi...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.09.002
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, demonstrated by failure to suppress cortisol secretion after dexamethasone, is found in approximately 50% of patients with major depression (MD). In this study, we examined the response of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol to insulin-induced ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(87)90226-5
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows investigation of in vivo neurochemical pathology of schizophrenia. "First generation" studies, focusing on phosphorus and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, have suggested alterations in membrane phospholipid metabolism and reductions in N-acetyl aspartate in the frontal and...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00940-9
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
