Abstract:
:The concept of generalist genes operating across diverse domains of cognitive abilities is now widely accepted. Much less is known about the etiology of the high extreme of performance. Is there more specialization at the high extreme? Using a representative sample of 4,000 12-year-old twin pairs from the UK Twins Early Development Study, we investigated the genetic and environmental overlap between web-based tests of general cognitive ability, reading, mathematics and language performance for the top 15% of the distribution using DF extremes analysis. Generalist genes are just as evident at the high extremes of performance as they are for the entire distribution of abilities and for cognitive disabilities. However, a smaller proportion of the phenotypic intercorrelations appears to be explained by genetic influences for high abilities.
journal_name
Behav Genetjournal_title
Behavior geneticsauthors
Haworth CM,Dale PS,Plomin Rdoi
10.1007/s10519-009-9271-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
437-45issue
4eissn
0001-8244issn
1573-3297journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The paradise fish, a small insectivore, coinhabits marshes of Southeast Asia with several predator fish species. Its ability to recognize and avoid harmful fish may depend upon both genetic factors and experience. Here we demonstrate genetic variability between the 20-day-old larvae of two inbred strains of paradise f...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1025601828464
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variance components analysis provides an efficient method for performing linkage analysis for quantitative traits. However, power and type 1 error of variance components-based likelihood ratio testing may be affected when phenotypic data are nonnormally distributed (especially with high values of kurtosis) and there i...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:BEGE.0000013729.26354.da
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study explored the effects of infantile stimulation (i.e., neonatal handling or NH) on the performance of 18-month-old Roman high-avoidance (RHA/Verh) and low-avoidance (RLA/Verh) rats in a swimming pool matching-to-place (SPMP) test. This test (also called repeated acquisition and place learning-set parad...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1015253807488
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A complimentary two-phase strategy was used to detect and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the basal locomotor response to a saline challenge (10 ml/kg). In phase 1, putative QTLs, significant at p < 0.01 or better, were identified by analysis of the strain means for 25 strains of the B x D recombina...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1001963906258
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model to analyze resemblances of twins and parents using LISREL is outlined and applied to sports participation and heart-rate data. Sports participation and heart rate were measured in 44 monozygotic and 46 dizygotic adolescent twin pairs and in their parents. Genetic factors influence variation in both sports beha...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01065888
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biometric studies have shown that happiness is strongly affected by genes. The findings are mainly based on twin data, however, and the full validity of the results has been debated. To overcome some limitations in classical twin research, we examined aetiological sources of subjective well-being (SWB), using two inde...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-010-9365-x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic and environmental influences on problem behaviors were studied in a sample of international adoptees. Parental ratings of childrens' problem behaviors were obtained with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The sample (mean age, 12.4 years) comprised a group of biological siblings (111 pairs), a group of nonbi...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01067187
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on a cross-syndrome comparison of hand, foot, eye and ear laterality in three groups of individuals with different genetic disorders (trisomy 21, del7q11.23, and del22q11.2) to test the relationship between atypical laterality and intellectual disability. These groups were compared to a group of typically de...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-011-9465-2
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gamma aminobutyric acid receptor alpha 2 (GABRA2) and adolescent conduct disorder (CD) and alcohol dependence in adulthood, but not adolescent alcohol dependence. The present study was intended as a replication and extension of ...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-014-9653-y
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review the literature on the familial resemblance of body mass index (BMI) and other adiposity measures and find strikingly convergent results for a variety of relationships. Results from twin studies suggest that genetic factors explain 50 to 90% of the variance in BMI. Family studies generally report estimates of...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1025635913927
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gender-moderated gene-environment interactions are rarely explored, raising concerns about inaccurate specification of etiological models and inferential errors. The current study examined the influence of gender, negative and positive daily life events, and GABRA2 genotype (SNP rs279871) on alcohol dependence, testin...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-013-9607-9
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Univariate and multivariate analyses of the genetic and environmental contributions to variance in adipose tissue and adipose tissue distribution were carried out in early adolescents. Stature, weight, body mass index (BMI), and five subcutaneous skinfolds were measured at half-yearly intervals in 105 MZ and DZ twin p...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021671313974
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To extend Purcell's well known ACE model in testing gene by measured environment interactions (GxM) in behavior genetic designs, Rathouz et al. considered a broader class of models for quantifying and testing such interactions. Only a sub-group of these extended models have been investigated for their statistical oper...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-015-9710-1
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study documented the etiology contributions between anxiety symptoms (AS) and depressive symptoms (DS) from ages 6-12 years. Teachers assessed AS and DS in 1112 twins at 5 time points. A genetic cross-lagged model was used to estimate genetic/environmental contributions to cross-sectional, cross-age and cross-lag...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-019-09988-1
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results obtained from previous studies of word recognition, reading component skills, and reading composite measures suggest that genetic factors may be more important as a cause for reading disability among children with higher IQ scores than among those with lower IQ scores. To investigate the genetic etiology of re...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1016069012111
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large sample of adult twins (1117 pairs), who were concordant for having had children were asked to report on their child-rearing practices. A 14-item version of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) was used to assess rearing practices of parent twins. The two factors of Care and Overprotection, commonly found in o...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01067533
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voluntary physical activity may be related to personality traits. Here, we investigated these relations in two mouse lines selectively bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior and in one non-selected control line. Selection lines were more explorative and "information gathering" in the open-field test, either wi...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-010-9359-8
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a repeated-measures, genetic analysis of ethanol-induced anesthesia (sleep time) in mice from the inbred long-sleep (ILS) and short-sleep (ISS) strains of mice and their derived F1 and F2 generations. Mice (total N > 1300) were administered a 4.1 g/kg intraperitoneal dose of ethanol at two times, 7 to 10 da...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02197243
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study uses longitudinal population-based samples of young siblings to examine the effects of two hypothesized moderators of early externalizing behaviors: parental emotional support and family socioeconomic status. The first sample, a twin sample from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), ...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-014-9664-8
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations on the period locus of Drosophila melanogaster influence circadian periods as well as the rhythm in inter-pulse intervals in male courtship song; perL mutations produce long circadian periods and courtship song rhythms and per(s) mutations produce short circadian periods and courtship song rhythms. Thus, the...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021625819967
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fingerprints and handedness were measured in 2169 subjects. Left-handers were more likely to have an increased number of arches and radial loops, while having fewer whorls and lower pattern intensity than right-handers. Analyzing by hand and digit, the differences were most marked on the left hand, which showed signif...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01067817
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model of handedness incorporating both genetic and cultural processes is proposed, based on an evolutionary analysis, and maximum-likelihood estimates of its parameters are generated. This model has the characteristics that (i) no genetic variation underlies variation in handedness, and (ii) variation in handedness ...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02253372
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most research on child behavior incorporates information from different individuals. While agreement between informants is generally only modest, there is little understanding of the processes underlying disagreement. In twin studies, differential agreement among raters for MZ and DZ twins is of particular concern. Th...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02197280
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two separate genome-wide association studies were conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with social and nonsocial autistic-like traits. We predicted that we would find SNPs associated with social and non-social autistic-like traits and that different SNPs would be associated with soci...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-009-9308-6
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reports the results of 11 generations of selective breeding for isolation-induced, interfemale aggression in Mus musculus. Within-family selection was used to form two high, two low, and two unselected control lines, beginning with a population of wild-trapped mice. Selection was successful in establishin...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01065597
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we evaluated long term memory in twenty individuals with molecularly confirmed diagnosis of Noonan syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome, two disorders caused by mutations in genes coding transducers participating in the RAS-MAPK signaling cascade. The profile of explicit long term memory abilities was in...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10519-011-9446-5
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human obesity is associated with greater-than-average energy intake, although relatively few studies have tested the heritability of food intake. The present study examined the genetic architecture of measured caloric intake during laboratory test meals in 36 monozygotic and 18 dizygotic twin pairs. A series of analys...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021683716700
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selection for geotaxis was carried out with flies from a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster; geotactic behavior was measured by means of a Hirsch classification maze. The population was initally almost neutral to gravity, and it responded to both positive (downward) and negative (upward) selection with a re...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01065679
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that many continuously distributed traits have a heritable component. However, it is often difficult to communicate to the general public the meaning of quantitative estimates of heritability. To address this problem, the present paper introduces a heuristic for communicating heritability to non...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1025670316169
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the reviewed literature and the data presented in this paper, conclusions can be drawn with respect to the validity of the WAG/Rij strain of rats as a model for absence epilepsy in humans. The view that the WAG/Rij model has "face validity" is supported by the simultaneous presence of clinical and electroence...
journal_title:Behavior genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1026179013847
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00