Abstract:
:Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) with the type IV staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) is rarely reported as being acquired in hospital. We report a hospital outbreak, in Grampian, Scotland, of eight cases of skin and soft-tissue infections due to such a strain. All patients had been in the labour, delivery and maternity units of a small community hospital during a 7-month period. Typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed the isolates to be a single strain closely related to the USA800 lineage (paediatric clone) and additional typing confirmed it as ST5-MRSA-IV. Genes for exfoliative toxin A (ETA) and enterotoxin D were detected by PCR in all the isolates although none carried the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene. Region-wide surveillance of over 6000 MRSA isolates collected from 1998 to 2004 showed that 95 (1.6%) were closely related to the outbreak strain although only 60 carried the ETA gene. The strain has not been seen elsewhere in Scotland.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Gould IM,Girvan EK,Browning RA,MacKenzie FM,Edwards GFdoi
10.1017/S0950268809002234subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
1242-8issue
9eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268809002234journal_volume
137pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. While RSV is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. The cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appe...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268814002702
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the prevalence of mumps antibodies in the Israeli population in relation to mumps vaccination policy and past and subsequent incidence of disease. The levels of specific IgG antibodies against mumps were tested in 3330 residual sera collected during 1997-1998 from an age-stratified population sample. Again...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807008989
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Horizontal transmission of Campylobacter jejuni was investigated in campylobacter-free broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty chicks housed individually, were provided with water containing 10(2)-10(9) c.f.u./ml C. jejuni. Colonization was rapid [47 of 73 (64%) positive cloacal cultures within 3 days and 65 of 73 (89%...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800054571
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated which vaccination schedule gives best protection to the vaccinating population, in case there is a measles epidemic in an area with low vaccine coverage. We considered combinations of an early measles vaccination (none, at 6 months or at 9 months), a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination around the f...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268801006409
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical features, treatment and outcome were assessed retrospectively by means of a questionnaire in 174 patients in general practice whose vaginal swabs yielded beta-haemolytic streptococci. These were compared with 96 patients whose swabs yielded no recognized microbial pathogens. Patients with group B streptococci...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800030107
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The depopulation of Pacific islands during the 16th to 19th centuries is a striking example of historical mass mortality due to infectious disease. Pacific Island populations have not been subject to such cataclysmic infectious disease mortality since. Here we explore the processes which could have given rise to this ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001989
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify predictive factors and mortality of patients with influenza admitted to intensive care units (ICU) we carried out a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in adult ICUs in a network of Canadian hospitals between 2006 and 2012. There were 626 influenza-positive...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002113
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 2007 to 2010, the largest reported Q-fever epidemic occurred in the Netherlands with 4026 notified laboratory-confirmed cases. During the course of the epidemic, health-seeking behaviour changed and awareness among health professionals increased. Changes in laboratory workflows were implemented. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819000736
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mu-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting chlamydia-specific IgM was developed by use of the heat stable, lipopolysaccharide group-specific antigen and an alkaline phosphatase-labelled anti-chlamydia group-specific monoclonal antibody conjugate. The test was used to study the serological res...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800054339
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed prevalence of and risk factors for candidaemia following Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) using longitudinal population-based surveillance. Of 13 615 adults with CDI, 113 (0·8%) developed candidaemia in the 120 days following CDI. In a matched case-control analysis, severe CDI and CDI treatment with v...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815003027
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to estimate the natural history and transmission parameters based on experimental viral shedding and symptom dynamics in order to understand the key epidemiological factors that characterize influenza (sub)type epidemics. A simple statistical algorithm was developed by combining a well-defined mathema...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809991178
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The investigation of plasmid similarity is an important component in the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and in the detection of epidemic plasmids. The use of restriction endonucleases in the classification of transferable, multiply-resistant plasmids from faecal Enterobacteriaceae isolated at the Children's ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800030892
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the evaluation of a bancroftian filariasis control programme undertaken in Pondicherry from 1981-5. Integrated vector management was applied in one half of the town, and routine operations under the national programme (larviciding and chemotherapy) continued in the comparison area. The programme ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800031095
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation become immunocompromised for various reasons. Deep granulocytopenia, induced by conditioning (chemotherapy and total body irradiation), renders the patient at risk for serious bacterial and fungal infections. Our strategy for prevention of these infections by selective d...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050342
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to estimate the healthcare usage and loss of productivity due to gastroenteritis in Australia using the National Gastroenteritis Survey II. In 2008-2009, 7578 participants across Australia were surveyed about infectious gastroenteritis by telephone interview. A gastroenteritis case was define...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001375
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral hepatitis is recognized as one of the most frequently reported diseases, and especially in China, acute and chronic liver disease due to viral hepatitis has been a major public health problem. The present study aimed to analyse and predict surveillance data of infections of hepatitis A, B, C and E in Wuhan, Chin...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881200146X
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In long-term care facilities (LTCFs), the elderly are apt to be infected because those with latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) are at an increased risk for reactivation and post-primary TB disease. We report an outbreak of TB in staff and residents in a LTCF. An outbreak investigation was conducted after two TB ca...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002265
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the relationships between Legionnaires' disease (LD) incidence and weather in Glasgow, UK, by using advanced statistical methods. Using daily meteorological data and 78 LD cases with known exact date of onset, we fitted a series of Poisson log-linear regression models with explanatory variables...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881200101X
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::National health statistics report a 2·5-fold increase in laboratory-confirmed Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) cases over the last decade in Switzerland where no CT screening programme exists. We obtained essential denominator information to describe the epidemiology of CT in the canton of Basel-Stadt, an urban canton in no...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812002567
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed the data from the control group in a typhoid vaccine trial in Karachi to assess the differences in individual-, household- and cluster-level characteristics for developing typhoid fever. The annual incidence of typhoid in children aged 2-16 years in the control arm of the vaccine trial was 151/100 000 popu...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811000938
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using DNA probes specific for the genes encoding Vero cytotoxins 1 and 2 in hybridization experiments on faecal samples, Vero cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) of serogroup O 157 were detected in 21 of 63 cases of haemorrhagic colitis, 9 of 31 cases of non-bloody diarrhoea and 14 of 68 cases of haemolytic ur...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800054261
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is endemic in Turkey, and since 2004 many cases have been reported from different regions of Turkey. There are limited data about the seroprevalence of the disease in household members of patients or persons sharing the same environment. We evaluated seroprevalence of CCHF in th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813001155
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) is becoming increasingly established in Asian hospitals. The primary aim of this study was to decompose the risk factors for HA-MRSA based on conceptual clinical pathways. The secondary aim was to show the amount of effect attributable to antibiot...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002733
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1985 to 1988, a total of 2496 swine sera from 60 farms in the Tohoku District of the Honshu Island of Japan were examined for antibodies to swine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV), human coronavirus (HCV) and bovine coronavirus (BCV) by haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. Antibodies to HEV 67N s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268899002332
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spread of COVID-19 is recent in India, which has within 4 months caused over 190 000 infections, as of 1 June 2020, despite four stringent lockdowns. With the current rate of the disease transmission in India, which is home to over 1.35 billion people, the infection spread is predicted to be worse than the USA in ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268820001776
更新日期:2020-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::We used a structured population model to study factors determining the magnitude of indirect protection in Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination. On a simulation platform mimicking the population of Finland, a Hib transmission and immunity model, including cross-reactive bacterial encounters, was formulated....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880400250x
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive weight loss due to protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a significant problem in Nigerian children. This syndrome may be difficult to differentiate from the wasting disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied 70 children admitted to the Baptist Medical Center in Ogbom...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880006831x
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the dengue surveillance program, we prospectively collected data on all the suspected and confirmed cases of dengue in Barbados from 2006 to 2015. Data were analysed for demographic, seasonal and temporal dynamics of this disease in this country. The overall mean annual incidence rate of suspected and confirmed ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818000900
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible relationship between the results of a microbiological sampling programme and visual inspections carried out in local food-manufacturing premises was examined. Using five main parameters - overall appearance, personal hygiene, risk of contamination, temperature control, and training and education - a visua...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800030880
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noroviruses (NoVs) are major causal agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans. NoV GII.4 is the predominant genotype globally. However, uncommon and minor types of NoVs are consistently detected and some have been shown to dominate over GII.4. Therefore, the prevalence of dominant and uncommon NoVs makes the identific...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268817001273
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00