Abstract：
:While the exact physiological mechanisms underlying cocaine dependence remain unclear, a growing body of evidence indicates a role for the serotonergic neurotransmitter system in the pathology of this substance use disorder. The focus of the present study is to determine whether genetic variation in the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) gene, which encodes the enzyme responsible for synthesis of the majority of the serotonin contained in neurons of the central nervous system, contributes to the pathophysiology of cocaine dependence. To examine this hypothesis, we used a case-control study design in which the genotype and allele distributions for six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TPH2 gene were compared between cocaine-dependent (n = 299) and control individuals (n = 208) of African descent. The results indicate that none of the SNPs in the TPH2 gene examined in this study associate with the cocaine-dependent phenotype. This work suggests that variations in the TPH2 gene are not a risk factor for the development of cocaine dependence, but these findings require confirmation in larger, independent samples of cocaine-dependent and control subjects.
journal_name
Addict Bioljournal_title
Addiction biologyauthors
Dahl JP,Cubells JF,Ray R,Weller AE,Lohoff FW,Ferraro TN,Oslin DW,Kampman KM,Dackis C,Tang Y,Gelernter J,Kranzler HR,O'Brien CP,Berrettini WHdoi
10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00005.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-03-01 00:00:00pages
76-83issue
1eissn
1355-6215issn
1369-1600pii
ADB005journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：:The present study examined the association between a measure of sociopathy and 5-HTTLPR genotype in a sample of individuals from Project MATCH, a multi-center alcohol treatment trial. 5-HTTLPR, an insertion-deletion polymorphism in SLC6A4, the gene encoding the serotonin transporter protein, results in functionally di...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00197.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impulsive delayed reward discounting (DRD) is an important behavioral process in alcohol use disorders (AUDs), reflecting incapacity to delay gratification. Recent work in neuroeconomics has begun to unravel the neural mechanisms supporting DRD, but applications of neuroeconomics in relation to AUDs have been limited....
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12017
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The AA (alko, alcohol) and ANA (alko, non-alcohol) rat lines were among the earliest rodent lines produced by bidirectional selection for ethanol preference. The purpose of this review is to highlight the strategies for understanding the neurobiological factors underlying differential alcohol-drinking behavior in thes...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00037.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine, the primary addictive component of tobacco, affects the mammalian brain. Smokers' brains have smaller cortical grey matter volumes and/or lower densities compared with non-smokers'. Differences in subcortical structures like the striatum are however, less clear. A high concentration of nicotinic receptors ma...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00301.x
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously showed that cocaine self-administration increases spine density in CA1 hippocampal neurons in Lewis (LEW) but not in Fischer 344 (F344) rats. Dendritic spine morphology is intimately related to its function. Thus, we conducted a 3D morphological analysis of CA1 dendrites and dendritic spines in these two...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12294
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review article discusses the importance of identifying gene-environment interactions for understanding the etiology and course of alcohol use disorders and related conditions. A number of critical challenges are discussed, including the fact that there is no organizing typology for classifying different types of ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00189.x
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frustration represents a particular aspect of the addictive process that is related to loss of control when the expected reward is not obtained. We aim to study the consequences of frustrated expected reward on gene expression in the mouse brain. For this purpose, we used an operant model of frustration using palatabl...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12188
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is the major psychoactive alkaloid of some species of mushrooms distributed worldwide. These mushrooms represent a growing problem regarding hallucinogenic drug abuse. Despite its experimental medical use in the 1960s, only very few pharmacological data about psilocy...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/1355621021000005937
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the notion that alcohol promotes violence is widespread, not all individuals are aggressive while intoxicated. Genetic variation could be a contributing factor to individual differences in alcohol-heightened aggression. The present study examines the effects of OPRM1C77G genotype on responses to threat in rhe...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12428
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythroycte delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) has been suggested as a marker for detecting recent alcohol intake. Unlike other markers, ALAD activity decreases after alcohol intake. Review of the literature suggests that the main interest in this marker is because it increases rapidly after withdrawal. The ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13556219772778
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two analytical techniques (RIA and GC-MS) were used for the simultaneous identification and determination of heroin, cocaine and their metabolites in the urine and hair of 200 drug addicts. Opiates tests were positive in 182 hair samples and 145 urine samples, whereas cocaine tests were positive in 173 hair samples an...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13556219971407
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several genetic polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with alcohol withdrawal seizures (AWS) and delirium tremens (DT). To replicate and further explore these findings, we investigated the effects of 12 previously reported candidate genetic variations in two groups of alcohol-dependent European Americans w...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00183.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol exposure during fetal and early postnatal development can lead to an increased incidence of later life adult-onset diseases. Examples include central nervous system dysfunction, depression, anxiety, hyperactivity, and an inability to deal with stressful situations, increased infection and cancer. Direct effect...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/adb.12186
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on ethanol reinforcement, motivation and relapse in C57BL/6 J mice. The effects of CBD (60 mg/kg, i.p.) on blood ethanol concentration, hypothermia and handling-induced convulsions associated to acute ethanol administration were evaluated. The two-bottle choice par...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12495
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The World Health Organization estimates a 12-month prevalence rate of 8+% for an alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnosis in people age 15 years and older in the United States and Europe, presenting significant health risks that have the potential of accelerating age-related functional decline. According to neuropathologi...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12746
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine exerts its rewarding effects by promoting an increase in dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and this process is influenced by the endocannabinoid system. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the main enzyme responsible for the degradation of the endocannabinoid anandamide and other non-cann...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12531
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early relapse is common after opiate withdrawal and deprives addicts of important opportunities to develop new, opiate-free cognitive-behavioural habits. The oral opiate antagonist naltrexone (NTX) significantly reduces relapse only when rigorously supervised and/or probation-linked. Simple but effective NTX implants,...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1355621031000117446
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We demonstrated that the genotype of the variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the linked polymorphic region (LPR) of the 5' promoter and in the intron 2 (Stin2) transcriptional regulatory domains of the serotonin transporter SLC6A4 gene determined its promoter interactions with transcription factors and co-activa...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00288.x
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identifying addicts with higher risk of relapse would provide the opportunity to implement individualized interventions and increase cessation success rates. Unfortunately, the ability to predict the long-term success of drug cessation treatments continues to elude researchers. We tested whether brain responses to emo...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00372.x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes confer a significant protective effect against alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) in East Asian populations. Recently, attention has focused on the role of these SNPs in determining ADS risk in European populations. To ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12141
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The insula has been implicated in salience processing, craving, and interoception, all of which are critical to the clinical manifestations of drug and behavioral addiction. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we examined resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the insula and its associ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12247
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Repeated or even a single exposure to drugs of abuse can lead to persistent locomotor sensitization, which is the result of an abundance of neuroplastic changes occurring within the circuitry involved in motivational behavior and is thought to play a key role in certain aspects of drug addiction. There is substantial ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00341.x
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Naltrexone blocks the opioid receptors that modulate the release of dopamine in the brain reward system and therefore blocks the rewarding effects of heroin and alcohol. It is generally assumed that naltrexone leads to reduction of craving, but few studies have been performed to prove this. The purpose of the present ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2007.00067.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist such as an abused drug phencyclidine (PCP) causes the induction of heat shock protein HSP-70, a sensitive marker of neuronal injury, in the retrosplenial cortex of rat brain. The present study was undertaken to examine the role of a -amino-3- hydroxy-...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13556219772859
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The habit of chewing fresh leaves and twigs of khat (Catha edulis) for their stimulating amphetamine-like effects is highly prevalent in East Africa and southwest on the Arabic peninsula. There is an extensive literature on khat providing information about its history, botany, production, geographical distribution, ch...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/13556210500353020
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Through incentive learning, the emotional experience of a reward in a relevant need state (e.g. hunger for food) sets the incentive value that guides the performance of actions that earn that reward when the need state is encountered again. Opiate withdrawal has been proposed as a need state in which, through experien...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12172
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder, influenced by complex interactions between endogenous and exogenous factors. Per2, a circadian gene, plays a role in drug addiction. Previous studies using Per2-knockout mice have shown a role for Per2 in cocaine, morphine and alcohol addiction. In the present ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12663
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The multifaceted gut-brain peptide ghrelin and its receptor (GHSR-1a) are implicated in mechanisms regulating not only the energy balance but also the reward circuitry. In our pre-clinical models, we have shown that ghrelin increases whereas GHSR-1a antagonists decrease alcohol consumption and the motivation to consum...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12277
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous research in rodents suggests that the long-term neurobehavioral disturbances induced by chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure could be due to endocannabinoid system (ECS) alterations. Moreover, ECS failure has been proposed to mediate the cognitive impairment and β-amyloid production in Alzheimer disease (AD). Thus...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12883
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One aspect of the addictive process that has not been thoroughly investigated is the consequence of the frustrated state occurring when the drug is not available. The present study aimed to validate a novel operant model of frustrated expected reward in mice. C57BL/6J mice were trained in operant conditioning maintain...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00423.x
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
