Genetic variants in or near ADH1B and ADH1C affect susceptibility to alcohol dependence in a British and Irish population.

abstract：:The orexin (hypocretin) system plays a critical role in motivated drug taking. Cocaine self-administration with the intermittent access (IntA) procedure produces a robust addiction-like state that is orexin-dependent. Here, we sought to determine the role of the orexin system in opioid addiction using IntA self-admini...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Fragale JE,James MH,Aston-Jones G

更新日期：2020-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by a series of positive, negative or cognitive symptoms but with also the particularity of exhibiting a high rate of co-morbid use of drugs of abuse. While more than 80% of schizophrenics are smokers, the second most consumed drug is alcohol, with dramatic consequences ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Jeanblanc J,Balguerie K,Coune F,Legastelois R,Jeanblanc V,Naassila M

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural and genetic factors underlying chronic tolerance to alcohol are currently unclear. The GluN2A N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) subunit and the NMDAR-anchoring protein PSD-95 mediate acute alcohol intoxication and represent putative mechanisms mediating tolerance. We found that chronic intermittent eth...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Daut RA,Busch EF,Ihne J,Fisher D,Mishina M,Grant SG,Camp M,Holmes A

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although substantial research effort has focused on developing pharmacological treatments for cocaine abuse, no effective medications have been developed. Recent studies show that enzymes that metabolize cocaine in the periphery, forestalling its entry into the brain, can prevent cocaine toxicity and its behavioral ef...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Schindler CW,Justinova Z,Lafleur D,Woods D,Roschke V,Hallak H,Sklair-Tavron L,Redhi GH,Yasar S,Bergman J,Goldberg SR

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine addiction has been associated with increased sensitivity of the human reward circuit to drug-related stimuli. However, the capacity of non-drug incentives to engage this network is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the functional sensitivity to monetary incentives and the structural integrity of the hu...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Vaquero L,Cámara E,Sampedro F,Pérez de Los Cobos J,Batlle F,Fabregas JM,Sales JA,Cervantes M,Ferrer X,Lazcano G,Rodríguez-Fornells A,Riba J

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral sensitization to cocaine is associated to neuroadaptations that contribute to addiction. Enkephalin is highly expressed in mesocorticolimbic areas associated with cocaine-induced sensitization; however, their influence on cocaine-dependent behavioral and neuronal plasticity has not been explained. In this s...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Mongi-Bragato B,Zamponi E,García-Keller C,Assis MA,Virgolini MB,Mascó DH,Zimmer A,Cancela LM

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol exposure during fetal and early postnatal development can lead to an increased incidence of later life adult-onset diseases. Examples include central nervous system dysfunction, depression, anxiety, hyperactivity, and an inability to deal with stressful situations, increased infection and cancer. Direct effect...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Sarkar DK

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroimaging of opiate-dependent individuals indicates both altered brain structure and function. Magnetic resonance-based arterial spin labeling has been used to measure noninvasively cerebral blood flow (i.e. perfusion) in alcohol, tobacco and stimulant dependence; only one arterial spin labeling paper in opiate-dep...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Murray DE,Durazzo TC,Schmidt TP,Murray TA,Abé C,Guydish J,Meyerhoff DJ

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early relapse is common after opiate withdrawal and deprives addicts of important opportunities to develop new, opiate-free cognitive-behavioural habits. The oral opiate antagonist naltrexone (NTX) significantly reduces relapse only when rigorously supervised and/or probation-linked. Simple but effective NTX implants,...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Foster J,Brewer C,Steele T

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrated that the genotype of the variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the linked polymorphic region (LPR) of the 5' promoter and in the intron 2 (Stin2) transcriptional regulatory domains of the serotonin transporter SLC6A4 gene determined its promoter interactions with transcription factors and co-activa...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Vasiliou SA,Ali FR,Haddley K,Cardoso MC,Bubb VJ,Quinn JP

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Betel quid chewing has been claimed to produce a sense of well-being, euphoria, warm sensation of the body, sweating, salivation, palpitation, heightened alertness and increased capacity to work. These effects suggest that betel quid chewing affects predominantly the central and autonomic nervous systems. Several stud...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Chu NS

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of brain microglial cells, microgliosis, has been linked to methamphetamine (MA)-seeking behavior, suggesting that microglia could be a new therapeutic target for MA use disorder. Animal data show marked brain microglial activation following acute high-dose MA, but microglial status in human MA users is unc...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Rathitharan G,Truong J,Tong J,McCluskey T,Meyer JH,Mizrahi R,Warsh J,Rusjan P,Kennedy JL,Houle S,Kish SJ,Boileau I

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about the neural functioning that underpins drug valuation and choice in addiction, including nicotine dependence. Following ad libitum smoking, 19 dependent smokers (smoked≥10/day) and 19 occasional smokers (smoked 0.5-5/week) completed a decision-making task. First, participants stated how much they ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Lawn W,Mithchener L,Freeman TP,Benattayallah A,Bisby JA,Wall MB,Dodds CM,Curran HV,Morgan CJA

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adolescent alcohol use is associated with increased risk for alcohol use disorders later in life; therefore, identifying biomarkers for initiation of heavy alcohol use, such as individual differences in the development of white-matter microstructure, may inform prevention strategies that improve public health. This pr...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Morales AM,Jones SA,Harman G,Patching-Bunch J,Nagel BJ

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine-threonine kinase that controls global protein synthesis, in part, by modulating translation initiation, a rate-limiting step for many mRNAs. Previous studies implicate mTOR in regulating stimulant-induced sensitization and antidepressive-like behavior in rodents, as...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Bailey J,Ma D,Szumlinski KK

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One aspect of the addictive process that has not been thoroughly investigated is the consequence of the frustrated state occurring when the drug is not available. The present study aimed to validate a novel operant model of frustrated expected reward in mice. C57BL/6J mice were trained in operant conditioning maintain...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Burokas A,Gutiérrez-Cuesta J,Martín-García E,Maldonado R

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the effects of chronic ethanol intake on hepatic haemodynamics and reticuloendothelial system function in the rat. Comparisons were also made with blood flow to pancreas, kidney, spleen, lung and skin. Male Wistar rats, approximately 0.15 kg initial body weight, were fed a diet containing 35% o...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Preedy VR,Nott DM,Yates J,Venkatesan S,Jenkins SA,Peters TJ

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of its primary role in drug-seeking, consumption and addictive behaviour, there is a growing interest in identifying the neural circuits and molecular mechanisms underlying the formation, maintenance and retrieval of drug-related memories. Human studies, which focused on neuronal systems that store and control...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Carbo-Gas M,Vazquez-Sanroman D,Aguirre-Manzo L,Coria-Avila GA,Manzo J,Sanchis-Segura C,Miquel M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Poor working memory is linked to future risk-taking behaviors. Lifelong risk of habitual drug use is highest in individuals who initiate use in early adolescence. We sought to determine in rats whether juvenile traits, specifically poor working memory and low salivary brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are rela...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Jordan CJ,Andersen SL

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abstract Twenty-eight Wistar rats treated orally with 20% ethanol solution, were divided into two groups: adult group (n = 19) and aged group (n = 9) consisting of animals aged 4 and 12 months, respectively, at the beginning of the treatment. Neurons from the basal nucleus region were counted and the percentage of cho...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Fernandes PA,Ribeiro AM,Pereira RF,Marra HL,Pittella JE

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixing alcohol with caffeinated energy drinks is a common practice, especially among young people. In humans, the research on this issue has mainly focused on the use of the mass-marketed energy drinks themselves, whereas in animal models, it has focused on the individual effects of their active ingredients (i.e. caff...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Roldán M,Echeverry-Alzate V,Bühler KM,Sánchez-Diez IJ,Calleja-Conde J,Olmos P,Boehm SL,Maldonado R,Rodríguez de Fonseca F,Santiago C,Gómez-Gallego F,Giné E,López-Moreno JA

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although adolescents are a group heavily targeted by the e-cigarette industry, research in cue-reactivity has not previously examined adolescents' behavioral and neural responses to e-cigarette advertising. This study addressed this gap through two experiments. In Experiment One, adult traditional cigarette smokers (n...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Chen Y,Fowler CH,Papa VB,Lepping RJ,Brucks MG,Fox AT,Martin LE

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors control the motivational properties and reinforcing effects of nicotine. Indeed, peripheral administration of a CB1 receptor antagonist dramatically decreases both nicotine taking and seeking. However, the neural substrates through which the cannabinoid CB1 receptors regulate the vol...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Simonnet A,Cador M,Caille S

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the fact that several data have supported the involvement of the cerebellum in the functional alterations observed after prolonged cocaine use, this brain structure has been traditionally ignored and excluded from the circuitry affected by addictive drugs. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Vazquez-Sanroman D,Leto K,Cerezo-Garcia M,Carbo-Gas M,Sanchis-Segura C,Carulli D,Rossi F,Miquel M

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In our society every second polytraumatized patient is a chronic alcoholic. A patient's alcohol-related history is often unavailable and laboratory markers are not sensitive or specific enough to detect alcohol-dependent patients who are at risk of developing alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) during their post-traumat...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Spies CD,Rommelspacher H,Winkler T,Müller C,Brummer G,Funk T,Berger G,Fell M,Blum S,Specht M,Hannemann L,Schaffartzik W

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insula has been implicated in salience processing, craving, and interoception, all of which are critical to the clinical manifestations of drug and behavioral addiction. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we examined resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the insula and its associ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Zhang JT,Yao YW,Li CS,Zang YF,Shen ZJ,Liu L,Wang LJ,Liu B,Fang XY

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major advances have been made in understanding nicotine addiction and smoking behaviour in recent years. In particular, evidence for the relative importance of genetic and environmental effects on smoking initiation and persistence has emerged from behaviour genetic studies. These data have supported evidence from mol...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Munafò M,Johnstone E,Murphy M,Walton R

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine self-administration in rats results in dysfunctional neuroadaptations in the prelimbic (PrL) cortex during early abstinence. Central to these adaptations is decreased phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), which plays a key role in cocaine seeking. Normalizing ERK phosphorylation in the PrL cor...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Siemsen BM,Lombroso PJ,McGinty JF

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity of the liver to synthesize insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) may be compromised by alcohol. The characteristics of IGFBP-3 variants obtained from healthy individuals and patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (ALC) were compared. Concanavalin A (Con A) affinity electrophore...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Nedić O,Nikolić JA,Prisić S,Acimovic J,hajdukovic-Dragojlovic L

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular glycine modulates accumbal dopamine levels as well as ethanol-induced dopamine overflow. Glycine availability is also crucial for regulating alcohol consumption and the glycine transporter 1 (GlyT-1) inhibitor Org25935 robustly decreases alcohol intake in rats. To explore whether the alcohol-intake reduc...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Lidö HH,Marston H,Ericson M,Söderpalm B

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00