Adolescents' behavioral and neural responses to e-cigarette advertising.

abstract：:Two analytical techniques (RIA and GC-MS) were used for the simultaneous identification and determination of heroin, cocaine and their metabolites in the urine and hair of 200 drug addicts. Opiates tests were positive in 182 hair samples and 145 urine samples, whereas cocaine tests were positive in 173 hair samples an...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Tabernero MJ,Bermejo AM,Fernandez P

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) markedly increases dopamine (DA) release in the mesolimbic DA system, which plays an important role in mediating the reinforcing effects of METH. METH-induced DA release results in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage. We have recently reported that ROS are...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Jang EY,Yang CH,Hedges DM,Kim SP,Lee JY,Ekins TG,Garcia BT,Kim HY,Nelson AC,Kim NJ,Steffensen SC

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy alcohol use reduces the levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the prefrontal cortex of rodents through the upregulation of microRNAs (miRs) targeting BDNF mRNA. In humans, an inverse correlation exists between circulating blood levels of BDNF and the severity of psychiatric disorders includin...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Ehinger Y,Phamluong K,Darevesky D,Welman M,Moffat JJ,Sakhai SA,Whiteley EL,Berger AL,Laguesse S,Farokhnia M,Leggio L,Lordkipanidzé M,Ron D

更新日期：2020-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on the knowledge that alcohol misuse causes a multitude of diseases and increased mortality, this systematic review examines whether a reduction of the individual alcohol consumption can contribute to a minimization of health risks within a harm reduction approach. In fact, the reviewed 63 studies indicate that ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Charlet K,Heinz A

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroadaptations in the ventral striatum (VS) and ventral midbrain (VMB) following chronic opioid administration are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis and persistence of opiate addiction. In order to identify candidate genes involved in these neuroadaptations, we utilized a behavior-genetics strategy designed ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Tapocik JD,Luu TV,Mayo CL,Wang BD,Doyle E,Lee AD,Lee NH,Elmer GI

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One aspect of the addictive process that has not been thoroughly investigated is the consequence of the frustrated state occurring when the drug is not available. The present study aimed to validate a novel operant model of frustrated expected reward in mice. C57BL/6J mice were trained in operant conditioning maintain...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Burokas A,Gutiérrez-Cuesta J,Martín-García E,Maldonado R

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol exposure during fetal and early postnatal development can lead to an increased incidence of later life adult-onset diseases. Examples include central nervous system dysfunction, depression, anxiety, hyperactivity, and an inability to deal with stressful situations, increased infection and cancer. Direct effect...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Sarkar DK

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroadaptations that participate in the ontogeny of alcohol dependence are likely a result of altered gene expression in various brain regions. The present study investigated brain region-specific changes in the pattern and magnitude of gene expression immediately following chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Melendez RI,McGinty JF,Kalivas PW,Becker HC

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol use disorder is a chronic, relapsing brain disorder causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Cholinergic interneurons (CIN) within the nucleus accumbens (nAc) have been suggested to exert a regulatory impact on dopamine (DA) neurotransmission locally, and defects in CIN have been implied in several psychia...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Loftén A,Adermark L,Ericson M,Söderpalm B

更新日期：2020-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The supply of substitute opioid medication as a treatment for heroin dependence is now common practice. There is growing international interest in the prescription of injectable diamorphine for subgroups of patients who are unable to stop injecting opiate drugs; in the United Kingdom it is estimated that there are cur...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： McLachlan-Troup N,Taylor GW,Trathen BC

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on chronic morphine-induced neuronal morphological changes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rats at electron-microscopic level. Fourteen days of administering escalating doses of morphine induced pathological morphological changes of neur...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Chu NN,Xia W,Yu P,Hu L,Zhang R,Cui CL

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adolescent alcohol use is associated with increased risk for alcohol use disorders later in life; therefore, identifying biomarkers for initiation of heavy alcohol use, such as individual differences in the development of white-matter microstructure, may inform prevention strategies that improve public health. This pr...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Morales AM,Jones SA,Harman G,Patching-Bunch J,Nagel BJ

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to profile and compare blood naltrexone and 6-beta-naltrexol levels with time following treatment with two sustained-release naltrexone preparations produced by GoMedical Industries, Australia at a community heroin treatment clinic in Perth, Western Australia. A sample of 10 patients who each...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Hulse GK,Arnold-Reed DE,O'Neil G,Chan CT,Hansson R,O'Neil P

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The class I hepatic alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are primarily responsible for ethanol metabolism in humans. Genetic polymorphism at the ADH2 locus results in the inheritance of isozymes of strikingly different catalytic properties. In European and Caucasian American populations, β1, which is encoded by ADH2(1) , is ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Yamauchi M

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol dependence (AD) affects individuals from all racial/ethnic groups, and previous research suggests that there is considerable variation in AD risk between and among various ancestrally defined groups in the United States. Although the reasons for these differences are likely due in part to contributions of comp...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Brick LA,Keller MC,Knopik VS,McGeary JE,Palmer RHC

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The World Health Organization estimates a 12-month prevalence rate of 8+% for an alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnosis in people age 15 years and older in the United States and Europe, presenting significant health risks that have the potential of accelerating age-related functional decline. According to neuropathologi...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Zhao Q,Pfefferbaum A,Podhajsky S,Pohl KM,Sullivan EV

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymorphism of a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in the 3' untranslated region of exon 15 of the SLC6A3 gene, coding for the dopamine transporter (DAT), was analysed to test whether length variation contributes to differences in the individual susceptibility to aggressive - criminal behaviour and liability t...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Gerra G,Garofano L,Pellegrini C,Bosari S,Zaimovic A,Moi G,Avanzini P,Talarico E,Gardini F,Donnini C

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Copy number variations (CNVs) can alter the DNA sequence in blocks ranging from kilobases to megabases, involving more total nucleotides than single nucleotide polymorphisms. Yet, its impact in humans is far from fully understood. In this study, we investigate the relationship of genome-wide CNVs with brain function e...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Liu J,Calhoun VD,Chen J,Claus ED,Hutchison KE

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abuse of Δ⁹-THC by females during adolescence may produce long-term deficits in complex behavioral processes such as learning, and these deficits may be affected by the presence of ovarian hormones. To assess this possibility, 40 injections of saline or 5.6 mg/kg of Δ⁹-THC were administered i.p. daily during adolescen...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Winsauer PJ,Daniel JM,Filipeanu CM,Leonard ST,Hulst JL,Rodgers SP,Lassen-Greene CL,Sutton JL

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is an increasing popular and highly addictive stimulant associated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, cardiovascular pathology and neurotoxicity. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to assess autonomic function and predict mortality in cardiac disorders and drug intoxication...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Henry BL,Minassian A,Perry W

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic inhalation of volatile solvents induce severe brain damage. In humans, intense exposure to volatile solvents for recreational purposes is frequently associated with chronic malnutrition. We studied in rats the effects of chronic inhalation of volatile solvents and malnutrition, alone and combined, on the seizu...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Palencia G,Calvillo M,Benita A,Sotelo J

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is an important cause of mental retardation and developmental disabilities. A population based screening tool would allow for early diagnosis and entry into intervention programs. The aim of the study was to develop a brief screening tool for use in population-based settings to improve the...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Burd L,Cox C,Poitra B,Wentz T,Ebertowski M,Martsolf JT,Kerbeshian J,Klug MG

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In keeping with its ability to control the mesoaccumbens dopamine (DA) pathway, the serotonin2C receptor (5-HT2C R) plays a key role in mediating the behavioral and neurochemical effects of drugs of abuse. Studies assessing the influence of 5-HT2C R agonists on cocaine-induced responses have suggested that 5-HT2C Rs c...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Cathala A,Devroye C,Maitre M,Piazza PV,Abrous DN,Revest JM,Spampinato U

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The drive to eat is regulated by two compensatory brain pathways termed as homeostatic and hedonic. Hypothalamic orexinergic (ORX) neurons regulate metabolism, feeding and reward, thus controlling physiological and hedonic appetite. Circadian regulation of feeding, metabolism and rhythmic activity of ORX cells are dri...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Feillet CA,Bainier C,Mateo M,Blancas-Velázquez A,Salaberry NL,Ripperger JA,Albrecht U,Mendoza J

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Use of human laboratory analogues of smoking behavior can provide an efficient, cost-effective mechanistic evaluation of a medication signal on smoking behavior, with the result of facilitating translational work in medications development. Although a number of human laboratory models exist to investigate various aspe...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： McKee SA

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Through incentive learning, the emotional experience of a reward in a relevant need state (e.g. hunger for food) sets the incentive value that guides the performance of actions that earn that reward when the need state is encountered again. Opiate withdrawal has been proposed as a need state in which, through experien...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Wassum KM,Greenfield VY,Linker KE,Maidment NT,Ostlund SB

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies on acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) focused on drinking behavior or alcoholism because the ALDH2*2 allele protects against the risk of developing alcoholism. The mechanism provides that the ALDH2 gene's protective effect is also involved in dopamine metabolism. The interaction of the ALDH2 gene wi...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Lu RB,Lee JF,Huang SY,Lee SY,Chang YH,Kuo PH,Chen SL,Chen SH,Chu CH,Lin WW,Wu PL,Ko HC

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine addiction has been associated with increased sensitivity of the human reward circuit to drug-related stimuli. However, the capacity of non-drug incentives to engage this network is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the functional sensitivity to monetary incentives and the structural integrity of the hu...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Vaquero L,Cámara E,Sampedro F,Pérez de Los Cobos J,Batlle F,Fabregas JM,Sales JA,Cervantes M,Ferrer X,Lazcano G,Rodríguez-Fornells A,Riba J

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine addiction is characterized by alterations in motivational and cognitive processes involved in goal-directed behavior. Recent studies have shown that addictive behaviors can be attributed to alterations in the activity of large functional networks. The aim of this study was to investigate how cocaine addiction ...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Barrós-Loscertales A,Costumero V,Rosell-Negre P,Fuentes-Claramonte P,Llopis-Llacer JJ,Bustamante JC

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical compounds that target dopamine (DA) D1 or D3 receptors have shown promise as potential interventions in animal models of cue-induced relapse. However, undesirable side effects or pharmacodynamic profiles have limited the advancement of new compounds in preclinical studies when administered as independent trea...

journal_title：Addiction biology

authors： Ewing ST,Dorcely C,Maidi R,Paker G,Schelbaum E,Ranaldi R

更新日期：2021-01-25 00:00:00