Abstract：
:Major advances have been made in understanding nicotine addiction and smoking behaviour in recent years. In particular, evidence for the relative importance of genetic and environmental effects on smoking initiation and persistence has emerged from behaviour genetic studies. These data have supported evidence from molecular genetic studies for the role of particular candidate genes in tobacco dependence. Studies of the personality correlates of smoking behaviour suggest that these factors mediate the association between genetics and smoking initiation, while learning models of nicotine addiction suggest a role for dopaminergic genes in facilitating neuroadaptations associated with smoking persistence and development of nicotine dependence. Integrating these different avenues of research represents one of the most interesting and potentially fruitful ventures in the treatment of tobacco dependence.
journal_name
Addict Bioljournal_title
Addiction biologyauthors
Munafò M,Johnstone E,Murphy M,Walton Rdoi
10.1080/13556210020040181subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-01 00:00:00pages
109-117issue
2eissn
1355-6215issn
1369-1600journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cocaine addiction is characterized by alterations in motivational and cognitive processes involved in goal-directed behavior. Recent studies have shown that addictive behaviors can be attributed to alterations in the activity of large functional networks. The aim of this study was to investigate how cocaine addiction ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12820
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both the opioid antagonist naltrexone and corticotropin-releasing factor type-1 receptor (CRF-R1) antagonists have been investigated for the treatment of alcoholism. The current study examines the combination of naltrexone and CP154526 to reduce intermittent access ethanol drinking [intermittent access to alcohol (IAA...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12189
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The controversy over the relationship between heroin addiction and hepatocellular dysfunction was examined by assay of serum activities of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, total protein, albumin and globulin in 48 chronic heroin smokers and 33 controls. Biliary secretion in the addicts was compared to controls...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1355621961000124826
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reduced executive control is one of the central components of model on the development and maintenance of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Among the various executive control problems, high impulsivity has consistently been associated with IGD. We performed voxel-based morphometric analysis with diffeomorphic anatomica...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12552
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although our previous studies have demonstrated both protein kinase C (PKC) and GluN2B-containing N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (GluN2B-NMDAR) play crucial roles in morphine-associated learning and memory, the relationship between them remains unexplored. In this study, we validated the enhanced PKC and membrane GluN2...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12558
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal and cross-sectional human studies suggest that chronic cocaine use is associated with altered responsivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to stress. Moreover, increased susceptibility to stress has been proposed as an important factor for development, maintenance and relapse of cocaine addiction. As...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12632
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mixing alcohol with caffeinated energy drinks is a common practice, especially among young people. In humans, the research on this issue has mainly focused on the use of the mass-marketed energy drinks themselves, whereas in animal models, it has focused on the individual effects of their active ingredients (i.e. caff...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12560
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hangover refers to the cluster of physiological and behavioral symptoms that occur following the end of a drinking episode. While hangover has been studied after the typical oral consumption of alcohol, the occurrence of hangover following intravenous (IV) alcohol administration in human laboratory studies has not bee...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12469
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We demonstrated that alcohol-dependent patients who relapsed within 1 year after detoxification showed stronger PIT effects compared with abstainers and controls. Relapsers particularly failed to correctly perform in trials where an instrumental stimulus required inhibition while a Pavlovian background cue indicated a...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12703
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde and next to acetate is accompanied by free radical generation. Free radicals can affect cell integrity when antioxidant mechanisms are no longer able to cope with the free radical generation observed in ethanol intoxication. Natural antioxidants are particularly useful in such a situa...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13556210220139523
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic morphine treatment of rats for 2 and 4 weeks led to an increase in morphine-binding cells in the spleen, despite the general reduction of mononuclear cell content in the spleen and thymus. Simultaneously, serum antibodies to morphine (AbM) in haemagglutination titres 1:20 and higher appeared in 50% and 80% of ...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1355621961000125046
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This invited commentary on the paper 'White Matter Connectivity and Internet gaming disorder' by Jeong et al. (unpublished) looks at the implications and importance of the MRI findings in the present study-one of the largest to date-and also considers the broader developments of neuroimaging within the complex, emergi...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12265
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to examine whether genetically predetermined differences in components of the endocannabinoid system were present in the brain of Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and Sardinian alcohol-non-preferring (sNP) rats, a pair of rat lines selectively bred for opposite alcohol preference. The...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00299.x
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract Twenty-eight Wistar rats treated orally with 20% ethanol solution, were divided into two groups: adult group (n = 19) and aged group (n = 9) consisting of animals aged 4 and 12 months, respectively, at the beginning of the treatment. Neurons from the basal nucleus region were counted and the percentage of cho...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/135562101200100571
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine self-administration in rats results in dysfunctional neuroadaptations in the prelimbic (PrL) cortex during early abstinence. Central to these adaptations is decreased phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), which plays a key role in cocaine seeking. Normalizing ERK phosphorylation in the PrL cor...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12504
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quitting smoking is notoriously difficult. Models of nicotine dependence posit that strength of cognitive control contributes to maintaining smoking abstinence during smoking cessation attempts. We examine the role for large-scale functional brain systems associated with cognitive control in smoking lapse using a nove...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.13001
更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol dependence (AD) affects individuals from all racial/ethnic groups, and previous research suggests that there is considerable variation in AD risk between and among various ancestrally defined groups in the United States. Although the reasons for these differences are likely due in part to contributions of comp...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12578
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transferrin (T f) and its carbohydrate-deficient isoform (CDT) were measured by radioimmunoassay in phosphate-buffered saline extracts of two informative areas of cerebral cortex tissue obtained at autopsy from alcoholics without other associated disease (n = 4); alcoholics with cirrhosis of the liver (n = 4) and agem...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13556219772633
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The posterior hippocampus (pHp) plays a major role in the processing and storage of drug-related cues and is linked to striatal-limbic brain circuits involved with craving and drug salience. We have recently reported that increased basal regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in a pHp loci, as measured by pseudo-continuo...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12361
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intravenous drug addiction is known to be associated with an inordinate morbidity and mortality. As our previous report had identified an immune phenotype consistent with accelerated ageing, we wished to investigate how much of this change may have been related to chronic viral hepatitis. A total of 12 409 clinical pa...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2008.00123.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on binge drinking and evaluate potential gender-related differences. To this aim, male and female C57BL/6J mice (n = 60 per sex) were exposed to the drinking in the dark (DID) model for 4 weeks (DID-1 to DID-4). Dose-response effects of CBD on t...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12765
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maladaptive cortical plasticity has been described in individuals with heroin and methamphetamine addiction and may mediate other substance abuse disorders. It is unknown whether cannabis dependence in humans alters the capacity for induction of cortical plasticity. The aim of this study was to non-invasively investig...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12912
更新日期：2020-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Two analytical techniques (RIA and GC-MS) were used for the simultaneous identification and determination of heroin, cocaine and their metabolites in the urine and hair of 200 drug addicts. Opiates tests were positive in 182 hair samples and 145 urine samples, whereas cocaine tests were positive in 173 hair samples an...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13556219971407
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly potent and addictive psychostimulant that is frequently abused worldwide. Although the biggest challenge to the efficient treatment of drug dependence is relapse, its mechanism is completely unclear. Plenty of evidence suggests that inflammation contributes to drug-induced reward esp...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12740
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is an increasing popular and highly addictive stimulant associated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, cardiovascular pathology and neurotoxicity. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to assess autonomic function and predict mortality in cardiac disorders and drug intoxication...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00270.x
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Through incentive learning, the emotional experience of a reward in a relevant need state (e.g. hunger for food) sets the incentive value that guides the performance of actions that earn that reward when the need state is encountered again. Opiate withdrawal has been proposed as a need state in which, through experien...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12172
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cannabinoid system appears to play a critical facilitative role in mediating the reinforcing effects of nicotine and relapse to nicotine-seeking behaviour in abstinent subjects based on the actions of cannabinoid (CB) receptor antagonists. However, the effects of CB receptor stimulation on nicotine self-administra...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00314.x
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescent alcohol use is associated with increased risk for alcohol use disorders later in life; therefore, identifying biomarkers for initiation of heavy alcohol use, such as individual differences in the development of white-matter microstructure, may inform prevention strategies that improve public health. This pr...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/adb.12767
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The habit of chewing fresh leaves and twigs of khat (Catha edulis) for their stimulating amphetamine-like effects is highly prevalent in East Africa and southwest on the Arabic peninsula. There is an extensive literature on khat providing information about its history, botany, production, geographical distribution, ch...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/13556210500353020
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Lewis (LEW) and Fischer 344 (F344) inbred rat strains are frequently used to study the role of genetic factors in vulnerability to drug addiction and relapse. Glutamate and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) transmission are significantly altered after cocaine-induced reinstatement, although whether LEW and F344 rats dif...
journal_title：Addiction biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00404.x
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
