Abstract:
:Antigen-stimulated B lymphocytes undergo genetic and phenotypic changes in germinal centers (GCs), including affinity maturation of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes and Ig heavy chain isotype switching. Expression of the Germinal Center Expressed Transcript (GCET) gene is up-regulated in murine GC B cells. The human homolog of GCET, HGAL/GCET2, is an important prognostic marker for staging lymphomas derived from GCs. To identify mechanisms that control cell type-specific transcription of GCET, we localized promoter sequences using S1 nuclease protection and functional assays. Sequences comprising a TATA-less promoter were localized to a short region upstream of multiple mRNA start sites. In functional assays, the promoter is active in cells irrespectively of endogenous GCET gene expression. In vitro binding assays identified a non-consensus binding site for Sp factors near sites of transcriptional initiation. The site binds Spl and Sp3 in nuclear extracts and recombinant Spl in vitro, and is required for full promoter function in transient promoter assays. Activation of the promoter by Spl or Sp3 in Spl/3-deficient cells was largely dependent on the Sp site. Together, these data provide the first analysis of regulatory modules necessary for GCET expression, a model for GC B cell-specific transcription.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Steinke JW,Hodsdon W,Parenti S,Ostraat R,Lutz R,Borish L,Hagman Jdoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2004.06.031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-01 00:00:00pages
1145-53issue
12eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(04)00252-4journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Peptides representing the amino-terminal sequence of protamines HP1 (sequence 1-12) and HP2 (sequence 1-11), the two major nuclear proteins of human sperm, have been synthesized. Rabbits were immunized either with peptide conjugated with a carrier or with free peptide. The resulting antisera were examined for their ca...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90179-n
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maspin (mammary serine protease inhibitor) is a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily and a tumor suppressor in several cancers due to its ability to inhibit cell invasion, angiogenesis, and promote apoptosis. However, its immunomodulatory function remains largely unexplored. Thus, we expl...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2016.12.021
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lewis (LEW) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats of the same major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype (RT.1(l)) display differential susceptibility to adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). LEW are susceptible while WKY are resistant to AIA. To gain insights into the mechanistic basis of these disparate outcomes, we compare...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.230
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to identify potential transcriptomic markers in developing asthma by an integrative analysis of multiple public microarray data sets. Using the R software and bioconductor packages, we performed a statistical analysis to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes in asthma, and further per...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.09.021
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly the environmental component of the disease, remains speculative. Recent reports have suggested that alterations in the gut microbiota of MS patients could contribute to the etiology or pathophysiology of the disease. In this Viewpoint, using PICRUSt (Phylogenetic I...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.09.016
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report demonstrates that a marker of human embryonic endoderm and embryonal carcinoma cells recognized by a hybridoma antibody FC 10.2, involves Type 1 blood group chains with the sequence Gal beta 1 leads to 3G1cNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta 1 leads to 4G1c. This conclusion has been reached from antigenic analys...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(83)90005-6
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Somatic hypermutation (SHM) in immunoglobulin gene (Ig) variable (V) regions is critical for the maturation of the antibody response. It is dependent on the expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and translesion DNA polymerases in germinal center B cells as well as Ig V transcription, as regulated b...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.018
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five murine A/J hybridomas (the 35-20 group) produce anti-digoxin antibodies that have homologous heavy and light chain immunoglobulin variable regions (VH and VL), yet differ from each other in fine specificity and affinity for digoxin and related cardiac glycosides [Mudgett-Hunter et al. Molec. Immun. 22, 477-488 (1...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90126-0
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many T cell responses are dominated by restricted TCR expression and can range from repeated usage of particular TCR Vbeta- and/or Valpha-elements, to the preferential usage of both V- and J-elements, often in conjunction with conserved V-D-J or V-J junctional sequences. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for a Kb-restr...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(98)00051-0
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The globular C1q heterotrimer is a subunit of the C1 complement factor. Binding of the C1q subunit to the constant (Fc) part of antibody molecules is a first step and key event of complement activation. Although three-dimensional structures of C1q and antibody Fc subunits have been determined experimentally no atomic ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.111
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Notexin and nigexine are monomeric phospholipases A2(PLA2s) from the venoms of Notechis scutatus scutatus and Naja nigricollis, respectively. Polyclonal antibodies raised in mice against these antigenic proteins displayed non-reciprocal cross-reactivity; anti-notexin antibodies recognized notexin but not nigexine, whe...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(90)90055-5
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::alpha 2-Macroglobulin (alpha 2M) complexed with proteinases or modified by the action of amines has been shown to affect immune responses in vitro, though as yet the mechanisms are poorly understood. Supernates from rabbit lymphoid cells cultured in medium with normal rabbit serum and 35S-methionine (or 14C-leucine) w...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90079-5
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) present on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is one of the most important pathogen-associated molecular patterns and a potent elicitor in innate immunity. In human, TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) and MD-2 (myeloid differiation-2) form a receptor complex to transduce the LPS signal into...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.02.006
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DC) are capable of capturing and processing antigens and can stimulate co-cultured effector cells in a specific manner. Here, we pulsed DC with apoptotic bodies (apb) from colorectal carcinoma. For enhancement of the immunogenic potential of apb, we transduced the tumor cells with the MHC class II gen...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00142-6
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are preferentially M2 skewed and promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and/or metastasis. In this study, we have analyzed the in vitro immunomodulatory potential of a non-toxic neem leaf glycoprotein (NLGP) in reprogramming Stage III supraglottic laryngeal tumor cell lysate ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.01.015
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kappa light chains were investigated in sera of several groups of wild derived mouse strains by radioimmunological analysis using xenogeneic anti-mouse kappa light chain antibodies. Although the majority of strains tested expressed serologically indistinguishable kappa chains, several significant exceptions were obser...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(86)90068-4
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis and therapy of allergic disorders are usually performed with crude extracts which are a heterogeneous mixture of proteins with different allergenic potency. The knowledge of the allergenic composition is a key step for diagnostic and therapeutic options. Parietaria judaica pollen represents one of the ma...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.01.009
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracy of calibrated immunoassays for measuring antibody concentration was analysed from a theoretical perspective. The study shows that there are theoretical limits on the accuracy of antibody immunoassays, which are determined by the affinity of the standard and unknown antibodies and the conditions chosen for...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90115-z
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against crystallized human adenovirus type 1 (Ad h 1) hexon were tested with purified homologous and heterologous hexon preparations by gel diffusion. Six MAbs formed a single line with the homologous hexon in a 2-well pattern, and 3 MAbs formed lines only in biclonal combina...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(85)90084-7
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The scid mutation interferes with normal rearrangement of antigen receptor genes, leading to an absence of T and B lymphocytes in most SCID mice. However, the SCID phenotype is "leaky", with an age- and strain-dependent increase in the incidence of mice with small number of T and B cells and readily detectable serum i...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(94)90016-7
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is known as a unique member of the cyclin-dependent family of serine/threonine kinases. Previously, we demonstrated Cdk5 to be an important regulator of T cell function and that disruption of Cdk5 expression ameliorates T cell mediated neuroinflammation. Here, we show a novel role of C...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.06.015
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sphingosine-1-phosphate analogue FTY720 is known to alter migration and homing of lymphocytes via sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. However, several studies indicate that its mode of action is more complex and that FTY720 may also directly influence cytokine effector functions. Therefore, we studied the effect of...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.02.026
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The O-antigen of the gram negative bacteria Brucella is composed of an homopolymer of 4,6-dideoxy-4-formamido-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl (or perosamine). Several mAb interact specifically with only the O-antigen of certain Brucella species. Although, many studies show that this specific recognition results mainly from the...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2003.11.037
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::BST-2 (also known as tetherin, CD317, or HM1.24) was first described as a potent interferon-inducible host antiviral factor nearly five years ago. Since that time, numerous reports have been published regarding the antiviral activity and immunological properties of this protein. BST-2 blocks viral replication by inhib...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.11.008
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The T cell receptor (TCR) detects the presence of infectious pathogens and activates numerous intracellular signaling pathways. Protein tyrosine phosphorylation and ubiquitination serve as key regulatory mechanisms downstream of the TCR. Negative regulation of TCR signaling pathways is important in controlling the imm...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.08.015
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system plays a central role in a number of human inflammatory diseases, and there is a significant need for development of complement-directed therapies. The discovery of an arsenal of anti-complement proteins secreted by the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus brought with it the potential for harnessing th...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.012
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A phosphorylcholine (PC)-binding IgG (Mab2) antibody produced by a hybridoma derived from a BALB/c mouse which had been immunized against Trichinella spiralis was found to bind to the immunizing antigen (TSC) but not to other PC-associated antigens such as pneumococcal antigen (PNC) and PC-conjugated ovalbumin (PC-OVA...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(94)90106-6
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:C5L2, a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), has been identified as an ASP (C3adesArg) and C5a receptor. Controversy exists regarding both ligand binding and functionality. ASP activation of C5L2 is proposed to regulate fat storage. C5L2 is also proposed as a decoy receptor for C5a, an inflammatory mediator, b...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.06.007
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) induces phosphorylation of a basic 38,000 mol. wt protein in a human lymphoblastic cell line (Molt 4b) and a human colon carcinoma cell line (HT29). In both cell types, VIP interacts with specific high affinity receptors to activate adenylate cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinas...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90010-2
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system is a vital component of the immune-priveliged human eye that is always active at a low-grade level, preventing harmful intraocular injuries caused by accumulation of turnover products and controlling pathogens to preserve eye homeostasis and vision. The complement system is a double-edged sword t...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.05.028
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00