A subcutaneously injected UV-inactivated SARS coronavirus vaccine elicits systemic humoral immunity in mice.

abstract：:Taking advantage of the recently demonstrated presence of N-aminopeptidases and the serine protease dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV) at the surface of human myeloblastic HL-60 cells, the regulation of these protease activities in HL-60 cell differentiation has been assessed using combined spectrophotometric and f...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Laouar A,Wietzerbin J,Bauvois B

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An alloreactive CTL clone, 27.B2, produced in the mouse strain combination B6.C-H-2bm1 (bm1) against C57BL/6 (B6) and nominally directed against the Kb molecule has been shown to be peptide dependent. The clone recognizes intact B6, but not intact bm1 or bm3 target cells. However, peptides recognized by 27.B2 CTL can ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Falk K,Rötzschke O,Rammensee HG

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metazoan species, from sponges to insects and mammals, possess successful defence systems against their pathogens and parasites. The evolutionary origins of these diverse systems are beginning to be more comprehensively investigated and mapped out. We have collected 1811 metazoan immunity genes from literature and gen...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Rannikko K,Ortutay C,Vihinen M

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play pivotal roles in initiating immune responses. However, DC maturation is usually strongly restricted by the stromal microenvironment, especially in non-lymphoid tissues, such as skin and mucosa. Although suppression of DC maturation by stromal cel...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Shiraishi H,Yoshida H,Saeki K,Miura Y,Watanabe S,Ishizaki T,Hashimoto M,Takaesu G,Kobayashi T,Yoshimura A

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from several different experimental systems suggests that regulatory cells specific for self-antigens exist in the normal immune repertoire, and that these cells are necessary for maintenance of self-tolerance and prevention of autoimmune disease. We attempted to demonstrate the existence of regulatory cells ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Lindsey JW,Jin R

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seeligeriolysin O (LSO), a member of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins of Listeria seeligeri, exhibits cytokine-inducing activity. In this study, we examined the profile of cytokines expressed in macrophages of mice after stimulation with full-length form of recombinant LSO (rLSO530), C-terminal-truncated protein (rLSO...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Ito Y,Kawamura I,Kohda C,Tsuchiya K,Nomura T,Mitsuyama M

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of immunoglobulin expression in mice transgenic for either a kappa light chain (driven by the kappa enhancer) or lambda light chain (driven by the IgH enhancer) revealed that the transgenic light chains are expressed by the majority of B lymphocytes in the neonatal mice. However, the proportion of B cells tha...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Pettersson S,Sharpe MJ,Gilmore DR,Surani MA,Neuberger MS

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is formed constitutively in neurons by the constitutive enzyme NO synthase (cNOS) and acts as a neurotransmitter. It has already been shown that cNOS-containing neurons are identical to neurons staining for NADPH diaphorase and vice versa. Effector cells of the immune response produce high NO levels ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Flesch IE,Hess JH,Kaufmann SH

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the role in B cell activation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the labile rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of polyamines thought to be required for S phase entry in all cells. When small resting mouse splenic B cells were stimulated with the mitogenic agents phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) plus ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Molitor J,Pace W,Stunz L,Vigna J,Louie S,Ashman R

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that the bacterial superantigens bind to both TCR beta-chain and, with moderate affinity, to MHC class II molecules. Class II-bearing cells bind the superantigen and present the superantigen to T cells expressing certain TCR beta-chain variable region alleles. We have observed that the superanti...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Rogers TJ,Guan L,Zhang L

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice lacking the IL-2 receptor beta chain (IL-2R beta) exhibit an autoimmune reaction characterized by generalized T cell activation, production of autoantibodies, myeloproliferation and severe anemia. T cells of IL-2R beta-/- mice were examined to elucidate the mechanism responsible for their abnormal activation and ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Suzuki H,Hayakawa A,Bouchard D,Nakashima I,Mak TW

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NK cells limit the emergence of cancers and viral infections by surveillance of 'missing-self' and 'induced-self' ligands, and by direct recognition of pathogen-associated molecules. We examined individual roles for Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-7 and -8 in human NK-cell activation using synthetic, small molecule agonist...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Gorski KS,Waller EL,Bjornton-Severson J,Hanten JA,Riter CL,Kieper WC,Gorden KB,Miller JS,Vasilakos JP,Tomai MA,Alkan SS

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural and functional aspects of the accessory molecule lymphocyte function associated antigen (LFA)-3 (CD58) have been examined following the transfection of DAP.3 and P815 cells with a cDNA clone encoding the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked form of human LFA-3. Despite earlier observations that DAP.3 ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Greenlaw R,Robinson P,Heaton T,Lombardi G,Lechler R

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The invertebrate pattern-recognition protein named coelomic cytolytic factor (CCF) and the mammalian cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) share functional analogies that are based on a similar saccharide recognition specificity. In particular, CCF and TNF have been shown to interact with ion channels on the surface of...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Bilej M,Josková R,Van den Bergh R,Procházková P,Silerová M,Ameloot P,De Baetselier P,Beschin A

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promoter contains a 10 bp element known as CK-1 or CD28RE that specifically responds to the co-stimulatory signal delivered to T cells via the CD28 surface receptor. This element is a variant NFkappaB site that does not function alone but requires an adjace...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Shang C,Attema J,Cakouros D,Cockerill PN,Shannon MF

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-12 has been shown to play a central role in cell-mediated inflammatory reactions through direct activation of T cells and NK cells. IL-12 also strongly influences humoral immunity but these effects have been thought to be indirect and caused by intermediary cytokines. Using flow cytometry, we now show that IL-12 di...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Vogel LA,Showe LC,Lester TL,McNutt RM,Van Cleave VH,Metzger DW

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are abundant in the gastrointestinal tract where they continuously regulate the immune system. NK cells are potently activated by dendritic cells (DCs) matured by inflammatory stimuli, and NK cells are present in the gut epithelium and in mesenteric lymph nodes, but it is not known how NK-DC...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Fink LN,Zeuthen LH,Christensen HR,Morandi B,Frøkiaer H,Ferlazzo G

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptide motifs of two HLA molecules, B8 and DR3(17), which are associated with autoimmune diseases including myasthenia gravis, were determined from natural peptide pools using Edman degradation. The majority of HLA-B8 ligands are nonamers preferentially terminated by leucine. As a characteristic feature of the HL...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Malcherek G,Falk K,Rötzschke O,Rammensee HG,Stevanović S,Gnau V,Jung G,Melms A

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:bcl-2 transgenic mice develop anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies similar to those present in systemic lupus erythematosus. To begin to understand where a breakdown in the regulation of autoreactive lymphocytes is occurring, we have used a bcl-2 transgene (Tg) in conjunction with an Ig Tg that allows us to identi...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Mandik-Nayak L,Nayak S,Sokol C,Eaton-Bassiri A,Madaio MP,Caton AJ,Erikson J

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has proven difficult to evaluate the functional potential of germinal center (GC) B cells, including those from Peyer's patches (PP), by either in vivo or in vitro methods. Thus, rather than assess secreted Ig product as an indicator of functional potential we have instead sought to detect mRNAs related to the vari...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Weinstein PD,Schweitzer PA,Cebra-Thomas JA,Cebra JJ

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NK cells were first identified in 1975 and represent the prototypical group 1 innate lymphoid cell (ILC). More recently, the discovery of new members of the ILC family has highlighted the complexity of this innate lymphoid lineage. Importantly, it has been recognized that different subsets exist within the group 1 ILC...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Seillet C,Belz GT

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells that play a central role in the control of immunity. Mature DC are characterized by high expression levels of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules, and by the secretion of IL-12, a key cytokine for the priming of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Here, we have compared...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Rouas R,Lewalle P,El Ouriaghli F,Nowak B,Duvillier H,Martiat P

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunomodulator FTY720 inhibits lymph node (LN) and thymic egress, thereby constraining T cell circulation and reducing peripheral T cell numbers. Here, we analyzed in mouse models the as yet scarcely characterized impact of long-term (up to 6 months) FTY720 exposure on T cell homeostasis and possible consequences...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Metzler B,Gfeller P,Wieczorek G,Li J,Nuesslein-Hildesheim B,Katopodis A,Mueller M,Brinkmann V

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate potential roles of the RAG-1 and RAG-2 gene products in Ig heavy chain class recombination (CSR), we have generated RAG-1(-/-) and RAG-2(-/-) mice which contain both a rearranged Ig HC V(D)J gene (referred to as B1-8) inserted into the endogenous Ig heavy chain (HC) locus in place of the JH segments, an...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Lansford R,Manis JP,Sonoda E,Rajewsky K,Alt FW

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is critical for EBV-driven B-cell transformation and most EBV-associated malignancies and is also implicated in exacerbation of autoimmunity. LMP1 functionally mimics the TNFR superfamily member CD40, but LMP1-induced signals and downstream B-cell functions are amplified an...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Arcipowski KM,Stunz LL,Bishop GA

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune tolerance in the lung is important for preventing hypersensitivity, such as allergic asthma. Maintenance of tolerance in the lung is established by coordinated activities of poorly understood cellular and molecular mechanisms, including participation of dendritic cells (DCs). We have previously identified DC ex...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Han D,Walsh MC,Kim KS,Hong SW,Lee J,Yi J,Rivas G,Choi Y,Surh CD

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors show a time-dependent differentiation into macrophages upon in vitro cultivation, closely mimicking their in vivo migration and maturation into extravascular tissues. The mediator(s) of this maturation process has not been yet defined. We investigated th...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Coccia EM,Del Russo N,Stellacci E,Testa U,Marziali G,Battistini A

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fas/APO-1 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor receptor family. This cell surface protein, when associated with the Fas/APO-1 ligand or specific mAb, elicits an apoptotic response in susceptible cells via an oligomerization of its intracellular domains, termed the'death domains'. We have ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Fadeel B,Lindberg J,Achour A,Chiodi F

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of Bcl-2 to inhibit apoptotic cell death is well established. Several homologues of the bcl-2 gene, such as bax, bcl-x or mcl-1, have recently been identified. Like Bcl-2, both Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 appear to function as repressors of apoptotic cell death, whereas Bax facilitates it, indicating possible interac...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Ohta K,Iwai K,Kasahara Y,Taniguchi N,Krajewski S,Reed JC,Miyawaki T

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Defects of early complement components (C1, C4 and C2) are associated with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The availability of complement knockout mice has increased our knowledge on the role of complement in the regulation of adaptive immunity. An impaired removal of apoptotic bodies, a disturb...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Zachrau B,Finke D,Kropf K,Gosink HJ,Kirchner H,Goerg S

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00