Seeligeriolysin O, a protein toxin of Listeria seeligeri, stimulates macrophage cytokine production via Toll-like receptors in a profile different from that induced by other bacterial ligands.

abstract：:Factors responsible for the predictable generation of Th1 or Th2 immune responses to microorganisms in vivo are not well characterized, although the ability of antigen presenting cells (APC) to provide co-stimulation, the kinetics of MHC-peptide ligand generation as well as the cytokine environment are all considered ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Pashine A,John B,Rath S,George A,Bal V

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) receptor-associated adaptor Ewing's sarcoma-associated transcript-2 (EAT-2) is primarily expressed in innate immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and NK cells. A recent human HIV vaccine study confirmed that EAT-2 expression was associated with ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Aldhamen YA,Seregin SS,Aylsworth CF,Godbehere S,Amalfitano A

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin (IG:) genes are hypermutated in mature B cells after interaction with antigen and T cells in a germinal center reaction. We and others have recently shown that the human BCL6 gene is also hypermutated in human peripheral blood memory B cells and tonsils. A preliminary analysis of other non-Ig genes (c-M...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Shen HM,Michael N,Kim N,Storb U

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A canonical pre-TCR/TCR signaling pathway critical for thymic T cell development involves sequential phosphorylation and signaling through Lck, Zap70, Lat and Slp76. However, we and others have previously reported that genomic deletion of c-Cbl (Cbl) partially or completely reverses the defects in thymic development i...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Chiang YJ,Hodes RJ

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9 sense microbial single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and ssDNA in endolysosomes. Nucleic acid (NA)-sensing in endolysosomes is thought to be important for avoiding TLR7/9 responses to self-derived NAs. Aberrant self-derived NA transportation to endolysosomes predisposes to autoimmune diseas...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Li X,Saitoh S,Shibata T,Tanimura N,Fukui R,Miyake K

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immediate responses to aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in respiratory toxic shock were studied in the circulation of rhesus monkeys with low antibody levels following immunization with SEB toxoid-containing microspheres. Both the surviving and dying monkeys had toxic shock syndrome 4-48 h after SEB ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Weng CF,Komisar JL,Hunt RE,Johnson AJ,Pitt ML,Ruble DL,Tseng J

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been demonstrated that in vivo T cell priming requires CD154-CD40 interaction, which is suggested to be critical in the induction of co-stimulatory activities on antigen-presenting cells (APC). In the current study, we demonstrate that in vivo administration of a high dose of a superantigen, staphylococcal ente...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Eshima K,Choi Y,Flavell RA

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine critical for maintenance of intestinal intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IELs), especially CD8αα + IELs (CD8αα IELs). In the intestine, IL-15 is produced by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) and hematopoietic cells. However, the precise role of...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Zhu Y,Cui G,Miyauchi E,Nakanishi Y,Mukohira H,Shimba A,Abe S,Tani-Ichi S,Hara T,Nakase H,Chiba T,Sehara-Fujisawa A,Seno H,Ohno H,Ikuta K

更新日期：2020-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data suggest that initiation of signal transduction via type 1 Fc epsilon receptor (Fc epsilon RI) and other immunoreceptors is spatially constrained to lipid rafts. In order to better understand the complexity and function of these structures, we prepared mAb against lipid rafts from the rat basophilic leukemi...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Hálová I,Dráberová L,Dráber P

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of cell activation in post-radiation fibrosis and its chronic extension are still poorly understood. Since local IL-2 cancer treatment sometimes triggers intraperitoneal fibrosis we have analyzed three myofibroblastic cell strains from post-radiation skin fibrosis (FPR7, FPR10 and FPR15) for their interacti...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Alileche A,Han D,Plaisance S,Assier E,Sahraoui Y,Clemanceau C,Metivier D,Brouty-Boyer D,Jasmin C,Azzarone B

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have analyzed transcripts encoding the variable regions of Ig heavy chains from adult and fetal bovine splenocytes and bovine x mouse heterohybridomas. The 13 adult, seven fetal and two heterohybridomas transcripts as well as the six genes that were sequenced had > 83% identity to each other in the VH-encoded regio...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Berens SJ,Wylie DE,Lopez OJ

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MHC class II molecules associate with peptides in the endocytic pathway. Different endosomal locations for peptide loading of class II molecules, varying from early endosomes (EE) to lysosomes, have been assigned on the basis of subcellular fractionation experiments. We have determined the intracellular location of HL...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Fernandez-Borja M,Verwoerd D,Sanderson F,Aerts H,Trowsdale J,Tulp A,Neefjes J

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) confer protection against intracellular pathogens, yet the mechanism by which some escape activation induced cell death (AICD) and give rise to long-lived memory cells is unclear. We studied the differentiation of transgenic TCR CD8(+) cells into CTL and memory cells using a novel system ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Opferman JT,Ober BT,Narayanan R,Ashton-Rickardt PG

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD161(++)IL-18Rα(+)CD8(+) human T cells have recently been identified as a new subset of memory cells but their exact role remains unclear. CD161(++)IL-18Rα(+)CD8(+), mucosal-associated invariant T cells express a semi-invariant TCR Vα7.2-Jα33, which recognizes the MHC-related protein 1. On the basis of properties inc...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Havenith SH,Yong SL,Henson SM,Piet B,Idu MM,Koch SD,Jonkers RE,Kragten NA,Akbar AN,van Lier RA,ten Berge IJ

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of IgE, a main player in allergic disorders such as asthma and atopic dermatitis, is strictly regulated and the serum concentrations of IgE are normally kept at a much lower level than other isotypes. We found that mice deficient for the p85alpha regulatory subunit of class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Doi T,Obayashi K,Kadowaki T,Fujii H,Koyasu S

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NOD mice spontaneously develop type I diabetes resulting from autoimmune destruction of their insulin-producing beta cells. Among the self-antigens targeted by NOD autoimmune T cells is a peptide, p277, from the sequence of the 60 kDa heat shock protein (hsp60). Common to the anti-p277 T cell populations of NOD mice i...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Elias D,Tikochinski Y,Frankel G,Cohen IR

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At least three B cell subsets, B-1a, B-1b and B-2, or conventional B cells are present in the mouse periphery. Here we demonstrate that B-1 cells spontaneously proliferate in stationary cultures of normal adherent mouse peritoneal cells. B-1 cells were characterized by morphology, immunohistochemistry and flow cytomet...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Almeida SR,Aroeira LS,Frymuller E,Dias MA,Bogsan CS,Lopes JD,Mariano M

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T-cell immune responses are critical for protection of the host and for disease pathogenesis during infection with Plasmodium species. We examined the regulation of CD4(+) T-cell cytokine responses during infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA). CD4(+) T cells from PbA-infected mice produced IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Kimura D,Miyakoda M,Honma K,Shibata Y,Yuda M,Chinzei Y,Yui K

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we propose that certain modifications in cellular metabolism might function as danger signals triggering inflammasome-mediated immune responses. We propose to call them danger-associated metabolic modifications (DAMMs). As intracellular bacteria can actively modulate macrophage metabolism for their ben...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Dramé M,Buchrieser C,Escoll P

更新日期：2020-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells inhibit the activation of autoreactive T cells in vitro and in vivo, and suppress organ-specific autoimmune diseases. The mechanism of CD25(+)CD4(+) T cells in the regulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is poorly understood. To assess the role of CD25(+)CD4(+) T ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Zhang X,Koldzic DN,Izikson L,Reddy J,Nazareno RF,Sakaguchi S,Kuchroo VK,Weiner HL

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to identify autoantigens of synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we constructed lambda phage expression cDNA libraries from synovium and screened them by IgG purified from synovial fluids, both of which were derived from RA patients. As a result of this unique combination of the libraries and probes, w...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Tanaka M,Ozaki S,Osakada F,Mori K,Okubo M,Nakao K

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4 T cells are not thought to play a significant role in generating an effective primary CD8 T cell response to most viral infections. We have challenged this view by demonstrating that antigen-specific CD4 T cells can indeed suppress the proliferation of antigen-specific naive CD8 T cells in response to low doses of...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Cose S,Brammer C,Zammit DJ,Blair DA,Lefrançois L

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of melanoma cell lines with IFN-gamma induces the switch from proteasome (PS) to immunoproteasome (iPS). This finding has profound implications for the immunobiology of melanoma cells since certain peptides (such as Melan-A(mart1)(27-35)) are cleaved differently by iPS, thus implying a different ability to b...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Cangemi G,Morandi B,D'Agostino A,Peri C,Conte R,Damonte G,Ferlazzo G,Biassoni R,Melioli G

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is involved both in immune responses and in inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism and embryonic development. IL-6 plays roles in chronic inflammation (closely related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer) and even in the cytokine storm of corona virus disease 201...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Hirano T

更新日期：2020-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:T lymphocyte responses to the MHC of an evolutionarily distant species are known to be weak compared with responses against allogeneic MHC products within a species. This fact was used to examine the regions of human MHC class II molecules required for the stimulation of strong primary immune responses against MHC all...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Ramesh P,Barber L,Batchelor JR,Lechler RI

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIEL) are a unique population of predominantly CD8 alpha beta+, TCR alpha beta+ lymphocytes and, to a lesser extent, TCP gamma delta+ lymphocytes that proliferate poorly to anti-CD3 mitogenic signals but display significant cytolytic activity. Studies in mouse model system...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Balk SP,Polischuk JE,Probert C,Stevens C,Ebert E,She J,Terhorst C,Blumberg RS

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen-presenting cells and understanding their mechanisms of antigen uptake is important for loading DC with antigen for immunotherapy. The multilectin receptors, DEC-205 and macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), are potential antigen-uptake receptors; therefore, we examined their expres...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Kato M,Neil TK,Fearnley DB,McLellan AD,Vuckovic S,Hart DN

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amongst CD4-CD8- (double negative) thymocytes there is a sizeable population (variable from strain to strain) of cells expressing surface T cell receptor (TCR). These TCR+ double negatives are predominantly non-cycling, have very little precursor activity, and, unlike the TCR-CD4-CD8- thymocytes, appear not to be part...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Wu L,Pearse M,Egerton M,Petrie H,Scollay R

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs 125a and 125b are predicted to be able to bind to the B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (BLIMP-1) and IFN regulatory protein-4 (IRF-4) transcription factors, which are essential for plasma cell differentiation. A computational survey of the human and mouse genomes revealed that miR-125a and miR-125b ...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Gururajan M,Haga CL,Das S,Leu CM,Hodson D,Josson S,Turner M,Cooper MD

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After a 3 week course (approximately), during which there is marked lymphoid hyperplasia, Trypanosoma musculi infections in young-adult mice are cured by an immune mechanism involving antibodies of the IgG2a isotype. Both the lymphoid hyperplasia and IgG2a antibody response are T-cell-dependent events and both process...

journal_title：International immunology

authors： Utsuyama M,Albright JW,Holmes KL,Hirokawa K,Albright JF

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00