Molecular basis of pathogenicity in Blastomyces dermatitidis: the importance of adhesion.

abstract：:Motile bacteria seek optimal living habitats by following gradients of attractant and repellent chemicals in their environment. The signaling machinery for these chemotactic behaviors, although assembled from just a few protein components, has extraordinary information-processing capabilities. Escherichia coli, the be...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Parkinson JS,Ames P,Studdert CA

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Virulence associated protein type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are intricately structured organic nanosyringes that achieve the translocation of bacterial proteins from the prokaryotic cytoplasm across three membranes into the host cytosol. The substrates for these systems number in the hundreds, with remarkably dive...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Marlovits TC,Stebbins CE

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The détente between pathogen and host has been of keen interest to researchers in spite of being exceedingly difficult to probe. Recently, new RNA interference (RNAi) technologies, in particular in Drosophila tissue culture cells, have made it possible to interrogate the genetics of host organisms rapidly, with nearly...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Cherry S

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness and the wasting disease, nagana, in cattle. The parasite is transmitted to the mammalian host by the bite of a tsetse fly. These parasites lack transcriptional regulation, and their gene expression is mainly regulated post-tr...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Michaeli S

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quorum sensing is an important mechanism for the regulation of genes in many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the absence of one or more components of the quorum-sensing system results in a significant reduction in virulence. Recent advances in the past ye...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Smith RS,Iglewski BH

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete and partial genome sequence information is underway in several parasitic and symbiotic fungi that infect humans, other animals and plants. Comparative analyses of these sequences will provide new insights into the genomic plasticity and evolution of parasitism and mutualism in fungi. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Tunlid A,Talbot NJ

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Septins are cytoskeletal elements that contain a highly conserved canonical G domain flanked by more divergent N- and C-termini. Septin monomers form heteropolymers that in turn associate into a variety of higher-order structures. SUMOylation, acetylation and phosphorylation of septins have all been reported; however,...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Hernández-Rodríguez Y,Momany M

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two-component signaling systems, phosphorylated response regulators (RRs) are often dephosphorylated by their partner kinases in order to control the in vivo concentration of phospho-RR (RR approximately P). This activity is easily demonstrated in vitro, but these experiments have typically used very high concentra...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Kenney LJ

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular phylogenetic studies reveal that many endosymbioses between bacteria and invertebrate hosts result from ancient infections followed by strict vertical transmission within host lineages. Endosymbionts display a distinctive constellation of genetic properties including AT-biased base composition, accelerated s...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Moran NA,Baumann P

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammasomes - molecular platforms for caspase-1 activation - have emerged as common hubs for a number of pathways that detect and respond to bacterial pathogens. Caspase-1 activation results in the secretion of bioactive IL-1β and IL-18 and pyroptosis, and thus launches a systemic immune and inflammatory response. I...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Eldridge MJ,Shenoy AR

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections caused by the apicomplexan parasites Plasmodium and Toxoplasma are wide-spread, life-threatening and therapeutically challenging. These pathogens are obligate intracellular microorganisms that invade mammalian cells by forming a self-made niche, the parasitophorous vacuole that is impervious to host lysosom...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Coppens I

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA sequencing has emerged as the premier approach to study bacterial transcriptomes. While the earliest published studies analyzed the data qualitatively, the data are readily digitized and lend themselves to quantitative analysis. High-resolution RNA sequence (RNA-seq) data allows transcriptional features (promoters...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Creecy JP,Conway T

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages protect their host by engulfing foreign bodies within phagosomes that rapidly develop into microbicidal organelles. Numerous pathogens, such as species of Toxoplasma, Leishmania, Mycobacterium, Salmonella and Legionella, thrive in human macrophages, sometimes with disastrous effects. Defining the survival ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Amer AO,Swanson MS

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arginine is an integral part of host defense when invading pathogens are encountered. The arginine metabolite nitric oxide (NO) confers antimicrobial properties, whereas the metabolite ornithine is utilized for polyamine synthesis. Polyamines are crucial to tissue repair and anti-inflammatory responses. iNOS/arginase ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Gogoi M,Datey A,Wilson KT,Chakravortty D

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodium vivax is uniquely restricted to invading reticulocytes, the youngest of red blood cells. Parasite invasion relies on the sequential deployment of multiple parasite invasion ligands. Correct targeting of the host reticulocyte is mediated by two families of invasion ligands: the reticulocyte binding proteins ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Kanjee U,Rangel GW,Clark MA,Duraisingh MT

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria of Shigella spp., the causative agents of shigellosis in humans, possess a repertoire of approximately 25-30 effectors injected into host cells by a type III secretion apparatus (T3SA). The T3SA activity is activated upon contact of bacteria with cells and controls expression of some effectors. Recent structu...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Parsot C

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluency in a common language allows individuals to convey information and carry out complex activities that otherwise would be difficult or even impossible without the benefit of shared communication. Cyclic (di)nucleotides have recently been recognized as such an accessible language understood by both microbe and the...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Gao J,Tao J,Liang W,Jiang Z

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome sequence, augmented by new data on gene expression and function, continues to yield new findings about eukaryote genome evolution. Analysis of the duplicate gene pairs formed by whole-genome duplication indicates that selection for increased levels of gene expression was a significa...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Seoighe C,Wolfe KH

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In filamentous fungi, the actin cytoskeleton is required for polarity establishment and maintenance at hyphal tips and for formation of a contractile ring at sites of septation. Recently, formins have been identified as Arp (actin-related protein) 2/3-independent nucleators of actin polymerization, and filamentous fun...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Xiang X,Plamann M

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ustilago maydis is a well-established model system for biotrophic fungal plant pathogens. The fungus has a dimorphic life cycle with a yeast-like saprophytic phase switching to filamentous, pathogenic growth upon hyphal fusion. Due to its highly differentiated development and the amenability for reverse-genetics U. ma...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Matei A,Doehlemann G

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biochemical, serological and microbiological methods have been used to dissect pathogens and identify the components useful for vaccine development. Although successful in many cases, this approach is time-consuming and fails when the pathogens cannot be cultivated in vitro, or when the most abundant antigens are vari...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Rappuoli R

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appreciation for the prevalence and diversity of noncoding, small RNAs (sRNAs) has grown enormously in the past decade. A major role for sRNAs in all organisms is to regulate gene expression, often at the level of mRNA translation or stability. However, a few sRNAs have been shown to function by regulating transcripti...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Wassarman KM

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular protozoans co-evolved with their mammalian host cells a range of strategies to cope with the composite and dynamic cell surface features they encounter during migration and infection. Therefore, these single-celled eukaryotic parasites represent a fascinating source of living probes for precisely capturi...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Pavlou G,Milon G,Tardieux I

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasingly diverse array of clinically relevant animal models of candidiasis have been established that mimic both the immune perturbations of the host and tissue-specific features of candidiasis in humans. Cause-and-effect analysis of Candida host-pathogen interactions using these animal models has made a quantu...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： de Repentigny L

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wild Escherichia coli are superbly adapted to survive in the intestines of their mammalian hosts and in the environment. E. coli K12 derivative (MG1655) encodes 4288 potential genes that provide the background genetic framework of this species. Particular E. coli clonal types encode additional chromosomal and extrachr...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Dougan G,Haque A,Pickard D,Frankel G,O'Goara P,Wain J

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrrolysine is an amino acid encoded by the amber codon in genes required for methylamine utilization by members of the Methanosarcinaceae. Pyrrolysine and selenocysteine share the distinction of being the only two non-canonical amino acids that have entered natural genetic codes. Recent experiments have shown that en...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Krzycki JA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The small nucleotides pppGpp and ppGpp (or (p)ppGpp) are rapidly synthesized in response to nutritional stress. In Escherichia coli, the enzymes RelA and SpoT are triggered by different starvation signals to produce (p)ppGpp. In many Gram-positive bacteria this is carried out by RelA and two small homologs. (p)ppGpp, ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Srivatsan A,Wang JD

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial biofilms are generally described as surface-associated bacterial communities comprising exopolysaccharide-surrounded microcolonies. Interspersed between these microcolonies are water-filled channels that may serve as primitive circulatory systems. Over the past few years, much progress has been made in our u...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Pratt LA,Kolter R

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Associations between marine invertebrates and their cooperative bacterial symbionts offer access to an understanding of the roots of host-microbe interaction; for example, several symbioses like the squid-vibrio light organ association serve as models for investigating how each partner affects the developmental biolog...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： McFall-Ngai MJ,Ruby EG

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental pathogenic fungi present a paradox in that they are virulent in animals without requiring animal hosts for replication or survival, a phenomenon we call 'ready-made' virulence. In the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, the capacity for virulence in animals may originate from environmental s...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Casadevall A,Steenbergen JN,Nosanchuk JD

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00