Developmental biology in marine invertebrate symbioses.

abstract：:Endosymbiotic theory goes back over 100 years. It explains the similarity of chloroplasts and mitochondria to free-living prokaryotes by suggesting that the organelles arose from prokaryotes through (endo)symbiosis. Gene trees provide important evidence in favour of symbiotic theory at a coarse-grained level, but the ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Zimorski V,Ku C,Martin WF,Gould SB

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptidoglycan (PG) sacculus once thought to be just a reinforcing, static and uniform structure, is fast becoming recognized as a dynamic cell constituent involved in every aspect of bacterial physiology. Recent advances showed that in addition to 'classical' tasks-as an essential element to define bacterial shape...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Cava F,de Pedro MA

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A combination of structural, biochemical and functional studies with the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis virus has revealed the characteristics of a new class of viral fusion protein, class II, that is unrelated to the class I viral fusion proteins for which influenza virus hemagglutinin is the prototype. New struc...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Heinz FX,Allison SL

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The RNA chaperone protein Hfq is critical to the function of small, base pairing RNAs in many bacteria. In the past few years, structures and modeling of wild type Hfq and assays of various mutants have documented that the homohexameric Hfq ring can contact RNA at four sites (proximal face, distal face, rim and C-term...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Updegrove TB,Zhang A,Storz G

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual development in filamentous ascomycetes requires mating-type genes to mediate recognition of compatible cell and nuclear types. Characterization of mating-type genes from various fungi shows that they primarily encode transcriptional regulators. Recent studies on mating-type-specific pheromones and internuclear ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Shiu PK,Glass NL

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In filamentous fungi, the actin cytoskeleton is required for polarity establishment and maintenance at hyphal tips and for formation of a contractile ring at sites of septation. Recently, formins have been identified as Arp (actin-related protein) 2/3-independent nucleators of actin polymerization, and filamentous fun...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Xiang X,Plamann M

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elimination of non-functional or unwanted proteins is critical for cell growth and regulation. In bacteria, ATP-dependent proteases target cytoplasmic proteins for degradation, contributing to both protein quality control and regulation of specific proteins, thus playing roles parallel to that of the proteasome in euk...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Battesti A,Gottesman S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodium vivax is uniquely restricted to invading reticulocytes, the youngest of red blood cells. Parasite invasion relies on the sequential deployment of multiple parasite invasion ligands. Correct targeting of the host reticulocyte is mediated by two families of invasion ligands: the reticulocyte binding proteins ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Kanjee U,Rangel GW,Clark MA,Duraisingh MT

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the dengue virus life cycle based on new structural data of the virus and its proteins. Specifically, we focus on the structure of the pre-membrane protein, prM and its role in virus assembly, the first full-length structure of a multi-domain dengue virus r...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Perera R,Kuhn RJ

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two-component signaling systems, phosphorylated response regulators (RRs) are often dephosphorylated by their partner kinases in order to control the in vivo concentration of phospho-RR (RR approximately P). This activity is easily demonstrated in vitro, but these experiments have typically used very high concentra...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Kenney LJ

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acquisition of drug resistance by Plasmodium falciparum has severely curtailed global efforts to control malaria. Our ability to define resistance has been greatly enhanced by recent advances in Plasmodium genetics and genomics. Sequencing and microarray studies have identified thousands of polymorphisms in the P....

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Ekland EH,Fidock DA

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Upon infection, both DNA and RNA viruses can be sensed by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the cytoplasm or the nucleus to activate antiviral innate immunity. Sensing of viral products leads to the activation of a signaling cascade that ultimately results in transcriptional activation of type I and III interfer...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Beachboard DC,Horner SM

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leishmania parasites are able to delay the onset of cell-mediated immunity by selectively impairing the ability of infected macrophages to produce interleukin (IL)-12. Leishmania infection arrests the JAK/STAT-mediated signal transduction involved in activation of the IL-12 p40 promoter; the phosphorylation defects ma...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： McDowell MA,Sacks DL

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dictyostelium genome sequencing predicts an unexpectedly large number of genes. Many are absent from yeast but present in animals and presumably support cellular abilities not found in yeast. Prominent amongst these abilities is chemotaxis, where great strides are being made in understanding how cells orient in a grad...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Kay RR

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All organisms must secure essential trace nutrients, including iron, zinc, manganese and copper for survival and proliferation. However, these very nutrients are also highly toxic if present at elevated levels. Mammalian immunity has harnessed both the essentiality and toxicity of micronutrients to defend against micr...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Ballou ER,Wilson D

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wastewater bioreactors have been used to treat domestic and industrial waste for nearly a century. Development of molecular tools such as PCR and DNA microarrays have enabled identification and characterization of some of the microbes in these bioreactors; however, molecular characterization of the microbes is still i...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Bramucci M,Nagarajan V

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete and long-lasting protective immunity against malaria can be achieved through vaccination with invasive live attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites, the motile stage inoculated in the host skin during a mosquito bite. Protective immunity relies primarily on effector CD8+ T cells targeting the parasite in the liver....

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Silvie O,Amino R,Hafalla JC

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protozoan pathogens have evolved countermeasures to avoid immune clearance and prolong the period of infection in their vertebrate hosts. The type and degree of immune escape strategies depends on the in vivo 'lifestyle' the pathogen has adopted. Here we describe how parasites use different strategies to coordinate th...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Lopez-Rubio JJ,Riviere L,Scherf A

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetoplastid parasites adapt to different environments with wide-reaching control of gene expression, but transcription of nuclear protein-coding genes is polycistronic: there is no individual control of transcription initiation. Mature mRNAs are made by co-transcriptional trans splicing and polyadenylation, and comp...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Clayton CE

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of a large number of sequenced microbial genomes allows us to conduct systematic studies on microbial gene regulatory systems. Computational methods, using comparative genomics approaches, are powerful tools to understand their mechanisms and evolutionary history. Recent advances in computational meth...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Stormo GD,Tan K

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single microbial cells can now be sequenced using DNA amplified by the Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) reaction. The few femtograms of DNA in a bacterium are amplified into micrograms of high molecular weight DNA suitable for DNA library construction and Sanger sequencing. The MDA-generated DNA also performs...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Lasken RS

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness and the wasting disease, nagana, in cattle. The parasite is transmitted to the mammalian host by the bite of a tsetse fly. These parasites lack transcriptional regulation, and their gene expression is mainly regulated post-tr...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Michaeli S

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular techniques are providing unprecedented insights into the organismal and functional make-up of natural microbial consortia. Apart from nucleic acid based approaches, community proteomics has the potential to provide a high-resolution representation of genotypic and phenotypic traits of distinct community memb...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Wilmes P,Bond PL

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N(6)-methyl-adenines can serve as epigenetic signals for interactions between regulatory DNA sequences and regulatory proteins that control cellular functions, such as the initiation of chromosome replication or the expression of specific genes. Several of these genes encode master regulators of the bacterial cell cyc...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Collier J

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The review highlights the dual role that the conserved master regulator FoxO has in aging by coordinating both stem cell proliferation and antimicrobial peptides, effector molecules of the innate immune system. As observed in non-senescent Hydra, continuously high activity of the transcription factor FoxO contributes ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Mortzfeld BM,Bosch TC

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work has shown that Immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) domains occur frequently on the surface of tailed dsDNA bacteriophages. Several of these Ig-like domains are added to bacteriophage structural proteins via programmed ribosomal frameshifts, and their evolutionary patterns suggest that they can be exchanged by ho...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Fraser JS,Maxwell KL,Davidson AR

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Application of metagenomic functional selections to study antibiotic resistance genes is revealing a highly diverse and complex network of genetic exchange between bacterial pathogens and environmental reservoirs, which likely contributes significantly to increasing resistance levels in pathogens. In some cases, clini...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Dantas G,Sommer MO

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous pathogen that causes a variety of severe diseases. The virulence of S. aureus is defined by a large repertoire of virulence factors, among which secreted toxins play a preeminent role. Many S. aureus toxins damage biological membranes, leading to cell death. In particular, S. aureu...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Otto M

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organisms do not exist isolated from each other, but constantly interact. Cells can sense the presence of interaction partners by a range of receptors and, via complex regulatory networks, specifically react by changing the expression of many of their genes. Technological advances in next-generation sequencing over th...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Wolf T,Kämmer P,Brunke S,Linde J

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metagenomics is a novel field which deals with the sequencing and study of microbial organisms or viruses isolated directly from a particular environment. This has already provided a wealth of information and new insights for the inhabitants of various environmental niches. For a given sample, one would like to determ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： McHardy AC,Rigoutsos I

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00