Abstract:
:Controlled processing, response inhibition, and set adoption were examined in 51 HIV-1 infected participants and 21 uninfected controls who were administered a vocal reaction time (RT) version of the Stroop task (Stroop-RT; J. R. Stroop, 1935) as well as the traditional 100 item paper-and-pencil version. Response set expectancies on the Stroop-RT were manipulated by presenting 50% of trials in homogenous blocks and randomly varying the stimulus type during the remaining trials. As hypothesized, HIV seropositive (HIV+) participants were significantly slower than HIV seronegative controls on both versions of the Stroop. Significant interference effects were apparent on the paper-and-pencil version of the Stroop, but were not as prominent on the Stroop-RT. The HIV+ participants did profit from the blocking manipulation on the Stroop-RT, suggesting that set adoption is retained in HIV infection. These data suggest that HIV infection may result in deficient response inhibition, possibly secondary to frontostriatal dysfunction and dopaminergic alterations.
journal_name
Neuropsychologyjournal_title
Neuropsychologyauthors
Hinkin CH,Castellon SA,Hardy DJ,Granholm E,Siegle Gdoi
10.1037//0894-4105.13.2.306subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-04-01 00:00:00pages
306-16issue
2eissn
0894-4105issn
1931-1559journal_volume
13pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验相关文献
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY文献大全abstract::Several studies have shown that children with spina bifida meningomyelocele (SBM) and hydrocephalus have attention problems on parent ratings and difficulties in stimulus orienting associated with a posterior brain attention system. Less is known about response control and inhibition associated with an anterior brain ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1037/a0013373
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The ability to imagine an elaborative event from a personal perspective relies on several cognitive processes that may potentially enhance subsequent memory for the event, including visual imagery, semantic elaboration, emotional processing, and self-referential processing. In an effort to find a novel strate...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0020318
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine changes in odor identification performance and cognitive measures in healthy aging individuals. While cross-sectional studies reveal associations between odor identification and measures of episodic memory, processing speed, and executive function, longitudinal studies so far have been ambiguous wi...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000212
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to have clinically beneficial effects in altering the perception of auditory hallucinations (AH) in patients with schizophrenia. However, the mode of action is not clear. Recent neuroimaging findings indicate that rTMS has the potential to ind...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037/a0026603
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Age, education, and sex associate with cognitive performance. We investigated associations between age, sex, education, and cognitive performance in young or middle-aged adults and evaluated data reduction methods to optimally capture cognitive performance in our population-based data. METHOD:This study is p...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000239
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Stroop-analog task with faces and words was developed to investigate intrahemispheric and interhemispheric Stroop effects (SEs). Lateralized faces and words were used in an attempt to invoke right- and left-hemispheric specialization, respectively. A prototypical male face, female face, and baby face and the corresp...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.14.4.579
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study identified the brain activations associated with auditory vigilance tasks, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We created auditory continuous performance tests (CPTs) in which a demanding task (working memory task) was made more difficult than a simple vigilance task by increasing working memory an...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.12.4.505
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Behavioral achievements are the product of brain maturation. During postnatal development, the medial temporal lobe completes its maturation, and children acquire new memory abilities. In recent years, virtual reality-based tasks have been introduced in the neuropsychology field to assess different cognitive ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000054
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Change in visual confrontation naming was examined following left (speech dominant) anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) as a function of surgical technique and patient characteristics. Two hundred seventeen patients with intractable left temporal lobe epilepsy were selected according to standard criteria across 8 center...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.13.1.3
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare neuropsychological profiles of adults who had experienced an episode of moderate to severe protein-energy malnutrition confined to the first year of life with that of a healthy community comparison group. METHOD:We assessed neuropsychological functioning in a cohort of Barbadian adults, all of who...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000058
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recent research has identified specific cognitive deficits in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), including impairment in executive functioning and attention. Another such cognitive process, implicit category learning has been less studied in AN. This study examined whether implicit category learning is impa...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0026771
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to compare attentional control abilities in healthy older subjects and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subtypes. We also analyzed group differences in dynamic changes in performance across the entire reaction time (RT) distribution. METHOD:Thirty-one multiple domain (mda-MCI), 31 single...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000047
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attention and memory performances were studied in Persian Gulf War veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses. Veterans diagnosed with PTSD showed relative performance deficiencies on tasks of sustained attention, mental manipulation, initial acquisition of information, and retroactive in...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.12.1.125
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Parkinson's disease (PD) has long been conceptualized as a motor disorder, but nonmotor symptoms also manifest in the disease and significantly reduce quality of life. Anxiety and cognitive dysfunction are prevalent nonmotor symptoms, even in early disease stages, but the relation between these symptoms remai...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000353
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Previous research suggests visual short-term memory (VSTM) capacity and mathematical abilities are significantly related. Moreover, both processes activate similar brain regions within the parietal cortex, in particular, the intraparietal sulcus; however, it is still unclear whether the neuronal underpinnings...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000349
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two studies tested the specificity of the neurocognitive profile of women with fragile X syndrome (FXS). First, women with an FXS full mutation were compared with women with a premutation and women without FXS who grew up in FXS families. Women with FXS had a significantly lower IQ than the other groups, and analyses ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 15 older controls (OCs), and 109 younger controls (YCs) were compared in 2 category-learning tasks. Participants attempted to assign colored geometric figures to 1 of 2 categories. In rule-based tasks, category membership was defined by an explicit rule that was easy to ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The detection of malingering in cognitive performance is a challenge in clinical and legal environments. Neuroimaging may provide an objective method for delineation of malingering. METHOD:A heterogeneous with concern of gender and racial-ethnic identity of 22 healthy volunteers completed the Tombaugh Test o...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000251
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Long-term memory functioning in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is marked by a characteristic pattern of impairments and strengths. Individuals with ASD show impairment in memory tasks that require the processing of relational and contextual information, but spared performance on tasks requiring more item-ba...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0034492
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors assessed visual information processing in high-functioning individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and their parents. The authors used tasks for contrast sensitivity, motion, and form perception to test visual processing occurring relatively early and late in the magnocellular-dorsal and p...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.1.65
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The imagination inflation effect, which is a form of memory distortion, occurs when imagining an event that never happened may increase the tendency to falsely remember that it really occurred. We investigated this effect in Korsakoff's syndrome. METHOD:Our procedures consisted of 2 sessions and a recognitio...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000635
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic and recreational use of cocaine has been shown to impair inhibitory output control (response inhibition) but whether input control is also affected is an open question. For the first time, this study compared the ability to perform a cued target-discrimination task that measured inhibition of return (IOR), a r...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0013821
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The lack of inversion effect for face recognition in congenital prosopagnosia (CP) is consistent with the hypothesis of a failure in holistic processing. However, although CPs' abnormal gaze behavior for upright faces has already been demonstrated, neither their scanning strategy for inverted faces, nor the p...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000362
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Behavioral studies of spatial navigation in aging indicate that orientation using an allocentric reference frame (object-centered orientation) is impaired, whereas orientation using egocentric processes (self-centered orientation) is not. It has been proposed that navigational deficits may result from more ge...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000084
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Children with developmental language disorders have been shown to be impaired not only in language processing (including syntax), but also in rhythm and meter perception. Our study tested the influence of external rhythmic auditory stimulation (i.e., musical rhythm) on syntax processing in children with speci...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0031277
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The literature on emotional processing in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients shows mixed results. This may be because of various methodological and/or patient-related differences, such as failing to adjust for cognitive functioning, depression, and/or mood. METHOD:In the current study, we tested PD patients a...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000371
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 29(2) of Neuropsychology (see record 2014-42242-001). The funding source information was missing from the author note, and A. M. Barrett's institutional affiliation was incorrect. The funding source information and Barrett's correct institut...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000122
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male and female left- and right-handers participated in 3 experiments designed to investigate 3 components of performance asymmetry in lateralized tasks. Experiment 1 used a consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) identification task measuring quantitative differences in hemispheric abilities and hemispheric control and quali...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.11.4.562
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main objective of the present study was to determine whether event-related potentials (ERPs) predominant in prefrontal cortex (PFC) respond in a similar fashion to ERPs predominant in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in duration and size discrimination tasks. The results indicate that contingent negative variation ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0015757
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Executive function was assessed with the Trail Making Test (Army Individual Test Battery; M. D. Lezak, 1983), the Comprehensive Trail Making Test (C. Reynolds, 2002), and a neurocognitive measure of executive control (Attentional Network Task [ANT]; J. I. Fan, B. D. McCandliss, T. Somer, A. Raz, & M. I. Posner, 2002) ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.3.275
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00