Abstract:
:To examine as randomly as possible the role of the beta-ketoacyl and acyl carrier protein (ACP) components of bacterial type II polyketide synthases (PKSs), homologs of the chain-length-factor (CLF) genes were cloned from the environmental community of microorganisms. With PCR primers derived from conserved regions of known ketosynthase (KSalpha) and ACP genes specifying the formation of 16- to 24-carbon polyketides, two CLF (KSbeta) genes were cloned from unclassified streptomycetes isolated from the soil, and two were cloned from soil DNA without the prior isolation of the parent microorganism. The sequence and deduced product of each gene were distinct from those of known KSbeta genes and, by phylogenetic analysis, belonged to antibiotic-producing PKS gene clusters. Hybrid PKS gene cassettes were constructed with each novel KSbeta gene substituted for the actI-ORF2 or tcmL KSbeta subunit genes, along with the respective actI-ORF1 or tcmK KSalpha, tcmM ACP, and tcmN cyclase genes, and were found to produce an octaketide or decaketide product characteristic of the ones known to be made by the heterologous KSalpha gene partner. Since substantially less than 1% of the microorganisms present in soil are thought to be cultivatable by standard methods, this work demonstrates a potential way to gain access to a more extensive range of microbial molecular diversity and to biosynthetic pathways whose products can be tested for biological applications.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Seow KT,Meurer G,Gerlitz M,Wendt-Pienkowski E,Hutchinson CR,Davies Jdoi
10.1128/jb.179.23.7360-7368.1997subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
7360-8issue
23eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
179pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Dehalogenases play key roles in the detoxification of halogenated aromatics. Interestingly, only one hydrolytic dehalogenase for halogenated aromatics, 4-chlorobenzoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) dehalogenase, has been reported. Here, we characterize another novel hydrolytic dehalogenase for a halogenated aromatic compound from ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01547-09
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sneathia amnii is a poorly characterized emerging pathogen that has been implicated in amnionitis and urethritis. We found that S. amnii damages fetal membranes, and we identified and purified a cytotoxic exotoxin that lyses human red blood cells and damages cells from fetal membranes. The gene appears to be cotranscr...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00162-20
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The complete Bacillus subtilis genome contains two genes with the potential to encode glutamate dehydrogenase (GlutDH) enzymes. Mutations in these genes were constructed and characterized. The rocG gene proved to encode a major GlutDH whose synthesis was induced in media containing arginine or ornithine or, to a lesse...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmid Rms312, specifying resistance to tetracycline (Tc), chloramphenicol (Cm), streptomycin (Sm), sulfonamide (Su), and mercury chloride (Mer), deletes both Tc and Cm Sm Su Mer determinants at a high frequency in Salmonella typhimurium LT2. S. typhimurium mutants that were stable carriers of Rms312 were isolated by...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.142.1.145-152.1980
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, synthesis of sialic acid is not regulated by allosteric inhibition mediated by cytidine 5'-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuNAc). Evidence for the lack of metabolic control by feedback inhibition was demonstrated by measuring the intracellular level of sialic acid and CMP-NeuNAc in muta...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.164.2.854-860.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work describes the draft genome sequence of Lactococcus garvieae DCC43. The 2.2-Mb draft genome contains 2,227 predicted protein-coding genes, among which is a region encoding the bacteriocin garvicin ML. No antibiotic resistance genes or capsule-related virulence genes were identified. Two plasmid replication re...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01864-12
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protoplasts of Bacillus megaterium readily reverted to bacillary form in liquid media and when plated in a soft-agar layer onto the surface of appropriate agar media. Three phases of the reversion sequence could be differentiated by phase contrast microscopy: (i) increase in size of the individual protoplasts, (ii) no...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.125.3.1172-1179.1976
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gene coding for thermophilic beta-amylase of Clostridium thermosulfurogenes was cloned into Bacillus subtilis, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The nucleotide sequence suggested that the thermophilic beta-amylase is translated from monocistronic mRNA as a secretory precursor with a signal peptide of 32 am...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.12.5848-5854.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Campylobacter jejuni is a leading food-borne pathogen causing gastroenteritis in humans. Although OxyR is a widespread oxidative stress regulator in many Gram-negative bacteria, C. jejuni lacks OxyR and instead possesses the metalloregulator PerR. Despite the important role played by PerR in oxidative stress defense, ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.05493-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Galactose-negative mutants of the group H Streptococcus strain Challis were obtained by treatment with nitrosoguanidine. Enzyme assays of extracts of these mutants revealed that 12 of the mutants were lacking one of the enzymes of the Leloir pathway. Thus, the Leloir pathway is the major means of galactose metabolism ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.109.2.512-519.1972
更新日期:1972-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::[3H]Diaminopimelic acid (Dap) was incorporated exclusively into peptidoglycan by Escherichia coli strains auxotrophic for both lysine and Dap. The rate of [3H]Dap incorporation by stringent (rel+) strains was significantly decreased when cells were deprived of required amino acids. The addition of chloramphenicol to a...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.127.3.1119-1126.1976
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yersinia pestis is an important human pathogen that is maintained in flea-rodent enzootic cycles in many parts of the world. During its life cycle, Y. pestis senses host-specific environmental cues such as temperature and regulates gene expression appropriately to adapt to the insect or mammalian host. For example, Y....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.188.4.1381-1388.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two related killer strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were mutagenized and screened for nonkiller variants. About 20% of the mutants derived from one strain lacked all detectable double-straned ribonucleic acid (dsRNA). About 70% of the mutants from the other strain lacked one of the dsRNA species normally associated...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.132.1.346-348.1977
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The utilization of glycerol as a carbon source for growth by Klebsiella aerogenes, strain 2103, involves separate aerobic (sn-glycerol-3-phosphate or G3P) and anaerobic (dihydroxyacetone or DHA) pathways of catabolism. Enzyme and transport activities of the aerobic pathway are elevated in cells grown under oxygenated ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.119.1.50-56.1974
更新日期:1974-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In gammaproteobacteria the Hfq protein shows a great variation in size, especially in its C-terminal part. Extremely large Hfq proteins consisting of almost 200 amino acid residues and more are found within the gammaproteobacterial family Moraxellaceae. The difference in size compared to other Hfq proteins is due to a...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00490-09
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::From citrate-utilizing (Cit+) Escherichia coli strain C53 of bovine origin, strains C53A and C53B were obtained. Upon mating with recA+ but not with recA mutant recipients of K-12, C53A produced chromosomal recombinants at quite high frequencies, leading to the following conclusions: (i) C53A is an Hfr strain; (ii) th...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.143.2.1090-1094.1980
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular pigmentation is an important virulence factor of the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis Pigmentation has been associated with many bacterial functions, including but not limited to colonization, maintaining a local anaerobic environment by binding oxygen molecules, and defense against reactive oxygen spec...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00832-16
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of high doses of radiation (1, 5, or 20 Mrad) on the toxicity, pyrogenicity, and immunogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium cells and endotoxin were studied. Toxicity decreased progressively after exposure to 1, 5, or 20 Mrad. The lethal effect of 1-Mrad exposed cells was greater than that of heat-, acetone-...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.95.6.2165-2170.1968
更新日期:1968-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The method of shuttle mutagenesis has been extended to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We have constructed a defective mini-Tn3 derivative that encodes chloramphenicol resistance in both N. gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli and selected for mutations in the chloramphenicol resistance gene that express higher levels of antibioti...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.1.40-46.1990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An R plasmid, R100-1, was mapped previously (Yoshikawa, 1974) by transduction from an integratively suppressed Hfr strain to a recipient with a mutation in gene dnaA. By this method various types of transductants of plasmid R100-1 that exist autonomously or in the integrated state were obtained. Seventy-one such trans...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.124.3.1097-1100.1975
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major structural components of the P2 contractile tail are encoded in the FETUD tail gene operon. The sequences of genes F(I) and F(II), encoding the major tail sheath and tail tube proteins, have been reported previously (L. M. Temple, S. L. Forsburg, R. Calendar, and G. E. Christie, Virology 181:353-358, 1991). ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.23.6522-6531.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An apparatus has been developed in which bacterial growth can be measured very precisely over short intervals of time. Its precision is presented and used to assess the constancy of growth in batch culture. Under certain conditions, i.e., Luria broth or 0.2% glucose-M9 medium at very low cell densities, the specific g...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.136.3.969-975.1978
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis contains two minimal Tat translocases, TatAdCd and TatAyCy, which are each involved in the secretion of one or more specific protein substrates. We have investigated the subcellular localization of the TatA components by employing C-terminal green fluorescent protein (GFP)...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00215-09
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fowler, Audree V. (University of California, Los Angeles), and Irving Zabin. Effects of dimethylsulfoxide on the lactose operon in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 92:353-357. 1966.-Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 5% (v/v) in the culture medium inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli to only a slight ext...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.92.2.353-357.1966
更新日期:1966-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphogenesis of the filamentous bacteriophage f1 occurred at adhesion zones between the inner and outer membranes of the host cell. Quantitation of adhesion zones in cells infected with mutant phage strains suggested that the phage gene I protein may be involved in the formation of adhesion zones for phage assembly. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.163.3.1270-1274.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mobilizable genomic islands (MGIs) are small genomic islands that are mobilizable by SXT/R391 integrating conjugative elements (ICEs) due to similar origins of transfer. Their site-specific integration and excision are catalyzed by the integrase that they encode, but their conjugative transfer entirely depends upon th...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01093-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soluble c-type cytochromes are central to metabolism of C1 compounds in methylotrophic bacteria. In order to characterize the role of c-type cytochromes in methane-utilizing bacteria (methanotrophs), we have purified four different cytochromes, cytochromes c-554, c-553, c-552, and c-551, from the marine methanotroph M...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.9.5360-5367.1990
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among 120 strains of gliding bacteria which were screened for restriction endonucleases, 27 were found positive. Additionally, three strains carried enzymes able to release the supercoiled state of closed circular DNA. By using a new rapid method, restriction endonuclease activity was released by stirring about 0.5 g ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.136.2.708-713.1978
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The delta subunit of RNA polymerase, RpoE, is widespread in low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria and is thought to play a role in enhancing transcriptional specificity by blocking RNA polymerase binding at weak promoter sites and stimulating RNA synthesis by accelerating core enzyme recycling. Despite the well-studied bioch...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00653-10
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus, the enzyme DNA gyrase has been implicated in the expression of genes for anaerobic metabolic processes such as nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis. To assess the involvement of supercoiling in anaerobic gene expression, we have developed an assay to detect in vi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.9.4836-4843.1989
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00