Abstract:
:Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mediates hypotension in endotoxemia. In this study, NO induction by a toxin-producing Streptococcus pyogenes isolate, H250, and by recombinant streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (rSPEA) has been examined, both in vitro and in vivo. Streptococcal supernatants, but not rSPEA, induce production of nitrite by murine macrophages when both are coincubated with gamma interferon. Intraperitoneal injection of rSPEA did not cause significant production of NO. However, an elevated level of nitrate in serum was detected in a model of streptococcal fasciitis due to live H250. iNOS was localized to Kupffer cells, hepatocytes, and renal tubular cells by immunostaining. Administration of a NOS inhibitor, N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), reduced peak concentrations of nitrate in serum but did not affect survival. NO is induced by H250, both in vitro and in vivo, mainly via SPEA-independent mechanisms. In this model, iNOS is expressed predominantly in the liver. Furthermore, in this model L-NMMA is not protective.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Sriskandan S,Moyes D,Buttery LK,Wilkinson J,Evans TJ,Polak J,Cohen Jdoi
10.1128/IAI.65.5.1767-1772.1997subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-05-01 00:00:00pages
1767-72issue
5eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::PtlH is an essential component of the Ptl system, the type IV transporter responsible for secretion of pertussis toxin (PT) across the outer membrane of Bordetella pertussis. The nine Ptl proteins are believed to interact to form a membrane-spanning apparatus through which the toxin is secreted. In this study, we moni...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00008-07
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An acute and persistent eosinophil infiltration is observed during Mycobacterium bovis BCG pleural infection in mice. Eosinophil accumulation, lipid body formation, and eotaxin production were significantly reduced in BCG-infected Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2)-deficient mice compared to wild-type mice. Neutralization of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01326-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cell interactions with pathogenic microbes initiate and direct the development of subsequent adaptive responses. The protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia infects the mammalian small intestine, leading to nutrient malabsorption and diarrhea but rarely causing inflammation. In order to begin to understand how th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00718-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The localization and population levels of the indigenous bacterial flora of conventional rats were investigated by cultural and histological techniques. Lactobacilli predominate in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine and associate with keratinized cells of the nonglandular portion of stomach. Mixtures of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.5.962-968.1975
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Live or heat-killed cells of Streptococcus mutans specifically adhere to dextran previously synthesized on glass surfaces by the action of extracellular dextransucrase. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.9.4.764-765.1974
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 46 adults (age 18 to 35), 19 adults (age 70 to 91), 10 children (age 1 to 3), and 22 neonates (cord blood samples) were tested for their chemiluminescence response to opsonized zymosan. Results indicated that both cord blood leukocytes and those from individuals over 70 were significa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.22.1.57-61.1978
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) frequently occurs in patients with respiratory disease and is particularly prevalent in patients with cystic fibrosis. GER is a condition in which the duodenogastric contents of the stomach leak into the esophagus, in many cases resulting in aspiration into the respiratory tract. As such,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00674-13
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a mouse model of thermal injury, an increase in burn size produced a decrease in the ratio of Candida albicans cells adherent to the marginal zone to those adherent to the white pulp of the spleen, an increase in the number of Candida cells in the circulation and in the kidneys, and an increase in mortality. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.8.3493-3495.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous investigations have shown that 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) homologs interact tightly with hydrophobic proteins and functionally assist proteins in membranous organelles and environments. One such protein is the Chlamydia trachomatis Hsp70 that is associated with isolated outer membrane complexes of infe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.2.535-543.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood mononuclear cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) were isolated from infected calves during in vivo control of acute anaplasmosis and cultured with Anaplasma marginale organisms. Supernatants from the cultures reduced the proportion of erythrocytes containing viable A. marginale in vitro, indicating that an antibody...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.11.4846-4849.1996
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Menstrually associated toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is attributed primarily to the effects of staphylococcal exotoxin toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1). A region of the 194-amino-acid toxin spanning residues 115 through 144 constitutes a biologically active site. Several point mutations in the TSST-1 gene in that re...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.3.793-799.1993
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacity of the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes to activate the alternative pathway of human complement was examined. Incubation of L. monocytogenes with human serum in optimal conditions (20% Mg2+EGTA [ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid]-chelated serum) consumed (3...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.12.5134-5139.1993
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two inbred mouse strains, derived from feral founders, are susceptible to experimental leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major and support a disease of a severity intermediate between those observed in strains C57BL/6 and BALB/c. Mice of the MAI strain develop a severe, nonhealing, but nonfatal disease with no resistanc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.8.4603-4611.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunization of BALB/c mice with a plasmid containing the gene for Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TS) induced antibodies that inhibited TS enzymatic activity, CD4+ Th1 and CD8+ Tc1 cells, and protective immunity against infection. We used this model to obtain basic information on the requirement of CD4 or CD8 or B...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.69.9.5477-5486.2001
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The level of type-specific antigen (that covalently associated with the cell wall peptidoglycan and that released extracellularly) synthesized by virulent and avirulent strains of type III group B streptococci was quantitated and compared. Additionally, the effect of the physiological age of the cells and the influenc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.44.2.217-221.1984
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In nature, mixed Borrelia burgdorferi infections are common and possibly can be acquired by either superinfection or coinfection. Superinfection by heterologous B. burgdorferi strains has been established experimentally, although the ability of homologous B. burgdorferi clones to superinfect a host has not been studie...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01817-14
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results from studies using mice deficient in specific complement factors and clinical data on patients with an inherited deficiency of the classical complement pathway component C2 suggest that the classical pathway is vital for immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, the consequences of defects in classical pa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00291-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pertussis toxin (PT), a virulence factor secreted by Bordetella pertussis, contributes to respiratory tract infection and disease caused by this pathogen. By comparing a wild-type (WT) B. pertussis strain to a mutant strain with an in-frame deletion of the ptx genes encoding PT (DeltaPT), we recently found that the la...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.6.3350-3358.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of dengue-2 antigens was studied in infected monkey kidney cells (LLC MK2) using an indirect, horseradish peroxidase-conjugated immunoglobulin technique. This procedure allowed both light and electron microscopic examination of serial-step sections of individual cells cut in a plane perpendicular to t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.6.1699-1709.1976
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a Plasmodium chabaudi infection in interleukin-10 (IL-10) knockout mice, there is greater parasite sequestration, more severe cerebral edema, and a high frequency of cerebral hemorrhage compared with infection of C57BL/6 mice. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha treatment ameliorated both cerebral edema and hemorr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.5.3054-3058.2004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reverse transcriptase PCR analyses have demonstrated that open reading frames (ORFs) PM0298, PM0299, and PM0300 of the animal pathogen Pasteurella multocida constitute a single transcriptional unit. By cloning and overexpression studies in Escherichia coli cells, the product of ORF PM0300 was shown to bind hemoglobin ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.11.5955-5964.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme arthritis, does not produce any exported proteases capable of degrading extracellular matrix despite the fact that it is able to disseminate from a skin insertion site to infect multiple organs. Prior studies have shown that B. burgdorferi induces the host protease, ma...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00214-09
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies have been generated to the unique distal sugar epitopes on the oligosaccharide haptens of the glycopeptidolipid antigens of clinically prominent members of the Mycobacterium avium serocomplex. Thus, antibodies are described that recognize the distal O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue of the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.10.3147-3158.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Commercial fluid used for peritoneal lavage in peritonitis and in peritoneal dialysis suppressed the activity of peripheral blood leukocytes as measured by chemiluminescence, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing. Suppression was found to be due to the low pH and high osmolality of the fluid. The pH was adjusted to noni...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.33.1.130-135.1981
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell walls from Streptococcus mutans were prepared by conventional technique and subjected to a series of extraction procedures involving classical protein solvents. The extracted walls contained several non-peptidoglycan amino acids and were also amenable to radiolabeling with [125I]sodium iodide and chloramine T. Th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.28.1.118-126.1980
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogenic yeast that protects against antibiotic-associated diarrhea and recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis. The administration of C. difficile toxoid A by gavage to S. boulardii-fed BALB/c mice caused a 1.8-fold increase in total small intestinal immunoglobulin A levels (P = 0.00...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.4.2762-2765.2001
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exoenzyme S (ExoS), an ADP-ribosylating enzyme produced by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is directly translocated into eukaryotic cells by bacterial contact. Within the cell, ExoS ADP-ribosylates the cell signaling protein Ras and causes inhibition of DNA synthesis and alterations in cytoskeletal ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.6.2847-2854.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant major surface antigen (P30), which was produced as a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) fusion protein of Toxoplasma gondii, was found to be able to activate macrophages to kill T. gondii in vitro. The macrophage activation was due to P30 in the fusion protein, not to glutathione S-transferase. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.8.2851-2852.1991
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific stimulation of T cells by phytohemagglutinin and Lens culinaris lectin was inhibited by a soluble factor(s) secreted by normal adherent cells stimulated with culture filtrate protein extract (CFPE) derived from bacterial cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (avirulent) and H37Rv (virulent). The induct...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.52.1.309-313.1986
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligately intracellular bacterial parasite of eucaryotic cells that undergoes a biphasic life cycle within a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) called an inclusion. The parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) constitutes a barrier between the replicating bacteria and the nutrient-rich environmen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.3.1088-1094.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00