Saccharomyces boulardii stimulates intestinal immunoglobulin A immune response to Clostridium difficile toxin A in mice.

abstract：:The data presented indicate that in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of mice, protease enhances the virulence of the organism. Anesthetized CBA/Lü mice were subjected to a 15-s flame burn and infected with a wild-type protease-producing strain and two of its protease-deficient mutants. The average bacteri...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Pavlovskis OR,Wretlind B

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the murine model of urinary tract infections (UTI), cystitis by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) occurs through an intimate relationship with the bladder superficial umbrella cell entailing cycles of adherence, invasion, intracellular bacterial community (IBC) formation, and dispersal (fluxing) from the intrac...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Wright KJ,Seed PC,Hultgren SJ

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymorphoneutrophils (PMNs) are important effector cells in host defense against pneumonia. However, PMNs can also induce inflammation and tissue damage. To investigate the contribution of PMNs to host defense against pneumococcal pneumonia, we determined the effect of the PMN-depleting rat monoclonal antibody RB6-8C...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Marks M,Burns T,Abadi M,Seyoum B,Thornton J,Tuomanen E,Pirofski LA

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cathepsin G (CatG) is a serine protease found in the azurophilic granules of monocytes that is known to have antimicrobial properties, but its role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is unknown. We found that M. tuberculosis infection of human THP-1 monocytic cells induced the down-regulation of CatG mRNA express...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Rivera-Marrero CA,Stewart J,Shafer WM,Roman J

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen capable of invading primary cultures of normal human gingival epithelial cells (NHGEC). Involvement of P. gingivalis fimbriae in the invasion process was examined. Purified P. gingivalis 33277 fimbriae blocked invasion of this organism into NHGEC in a dose-dependent m...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Weinberg A,Belton CM,Park Y,Lamont RJ

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of C3H mice with Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, reliably produces an infectious arthritis and carditis that peak around 3 weeks postinfection and then spontaneously resolve. Macrophage polarization has been suggested to drive inflammation, the clearance of bacteria, and tissue rep...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Lasky CE,Olson RM,Brown CR

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cell interactions with pathogenic microbes initiate and direct the development of subsequent adaptive responses. The protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia infects the mammalian small intestine, leading to nutrient malabsorption and diarrhea but rarely causing inflammation. In order to begin to understand how th...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Kamda JD,Singer SM

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori has been directly linked with active chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric adenocarcinoma in humans. Although a substantial portion of the human population is colonized with H. pylori, the patterns of transmission of the organism remain in doubt, and reservoir hosts have not been identi...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Handt LK,Fox JG,Dewhirst FE,Fraser GJ,Paster BJ,Yan LL,Rozmiarek H,Rufo R,Stalis IH

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the mechanisms underlying the eosinophil-mediated inflammation of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, serum, and supernatants from pulmonary and blood leukocytes (WBC) from patients with acute TPE (n = 6) were compared with those obtained from healthy uninfected indivi...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： O'Bryan L,Pinkston P,Kumaraswami V,Vijayan V,Yenokida G,Rosenberg HF,Crystal R,Ottesen EA,Nutman TB

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bordetella pertussis, a causative agent of whooping cough, expresses BrkA, which confers serum resistance, but the closely related human pathogen that also causes whooping cough, Bordetella parapertussis, does not. Interestingly, B. parapertussis, but not B. pertussis, produces an O antigen, a factor shown in other mo...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Goebel EM,Wolfe DN,Elder K,Stibitz S,Harvill ET

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endotoxin may cause abnormal deposition of platelet-endotoxin aggregates, and this event could have damaging effects. We compared the aggregation characteristics of platelets from rabbits made tolerant to the lethal effects of endotoxin with those of platelets from normal rabbits. Platelets from tolerant rabbits aggre...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Walker RI,Shields LJ,Fletcher JR

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infantile gastroenteritis virus (orbi-group) recovered from stools of infants with acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis was administered per os to germfree and conventional piglets. Virus was found subsequently in stools and in the mucosal epithelial cells of the small intestine of these animals. Some animals developed ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Middleton PJ,Petric M,Szymanski MT

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Borrelia burgdorferi elicits a potent cytokine response through activation of multiple signaling receptors on innate immune cells. Spirochetal lipoproteins initiate expression of NF-κB-dependent cytokines primarily via TLR2, whereas type I interferon (IFN) production is induced through the endosomal receptors TLR7 and...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Love AC,Schwartz I,Petzke MM

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syphilis has been recognized as a disease since the late 1400s, yet there is no practical vaccine available. One impediment to the development of a vaccine is the lack of understanding of multiple reinfections in humans despite the development of robust immune responses during the first episode. It has been shown that...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Morgan CA,Lukehart SA,Van Voorhis WC

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin binding proteins are one of several pathogenicity factors which have been associated with invasive disease caused by group A streptococci. The surface-bound M and M-like proteins of Streptococcus pyogenes are the most characterized of these immunoglobulin binding proteins, and in most cases they bind on...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Fagan PK,Reinscheid D,Gottschalk B,Chhatwal GS

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to understand the mechanism of serum resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, in the present study we examined various interactions among the bacterial surface constituents, serum antibodies, and complement. Analysis of swine sera revealed the presence of anticapsular antibodies in convalescent-pha...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Udeze FA,Kadis S

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Challenges with the production and suboptimal immunogenicity of malaria vaccine candidates have slowed the development of a Plasmodium falciparum multiantigen vaccine. Attempting to resolve these issues, we focused on the use of highly immunogenic merozoite surface protein 8 (MSP8) as a vaccine carrier protein. Previo...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Parzych EM,Miura K,Ramanathan A,Long CA,Burns JM Jr

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Depletion of dendritic cells (DC) in secondary lymphoid organs is a hallmark of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction. In this setting, we investigated if Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent signaling might modulate the maturation process and the survival of DC. Using a model of sublethal polymicrobial sepsis induced by ce...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Pène F,Courtine E,Ouaaz F,Zuber B,Sauneuf B,Sirgo G,Rousseau C,Toubiana J,Balloy V,Chignard M,Mira JP,Chiche JD

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two fragments with molecular weights of 111,000 (fragment I) and 59,000 (fragment II) were separated from each other by gel filtration of dithiothreitol and urea-treated, trypsinized derivative toxin (molecular weight, 170,000) of the proteolytic Okra strain of Clostridium botulinum type B on a column of Sephadex G-20...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Kozaki S,Miyazaki S,Sakaguchi G

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An enterotoxin produced by Bacteroides fragilis was purified to homogeneity and characterized as to its biological activity and basic molecular properties. Toxin preparations were prepared by growing B. fragilis VPI 13784 in brain heart infusion broth to early stationary phase, immediately precipitating the culture su...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Van Tassell RL,Lyerly DM,Wilkins TD

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that causes sexually transmitted disease. In women, chlamydial infections may cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. The role of antibodies in protection against a primary Chlamydia infection is unclear and was a focus of...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Shillova N,Howe SE,Hyseni B,Ridgell D,Fisher DJ,Konjufca V

更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The selection of influenza B virus recombinants from plaques in bovine kidney cell monolayers is described. Two sets of recombinants were each derived from parents of high and low virulence for humans, respectively. Recombination frequency was apparently high, and reassortment of genes made it possible to obtain atten...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Beare AS,Sherwood JE,Callow KA,Craig JW

更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous parasite that persists for the life of a healthy mammalian host. A latent, chronic infection can reactivate upon immunosuppression and cause life-threatening diseases, such as encephalitis. A key to the pathogenesis is the parasite's interconversion between the tachyzoite (in acute in...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Kim SK,Karasov A,Boothroyd JC

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The generation of nitric oxide (NO) by activated macrophages is believed to control mycobacterial infection in the murine system. In this study we examined the effect of Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection on the L-arginine-dependent NO pathway in J774.1 murine macrophages. We have confirmed previous results by demonstr...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Peteroy-Kelly M,Venketaraman V,Connell ND

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty monoclonal antibodies have been prepared to the erythrocytes from CBA/Ca mice infected with the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi. By immunofluorescence, 15 of these antibodies recognized parasite antigens expressed only during the development of mature trophozoites to schizonts and merozoites, 2 recognized pa...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Boyle DB,Newbold CI,Smith CC,Brown KN

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We utilized magnetic resonance imaging to visualize lesions in the lungs of guinea pigs infected by low-dose aerosol exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lesions were prominent in such images, and colorized three-dimensional reconstructions of images revealed a very uniform distribution in the lungs. Lesion numbers...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Kraft SL,Dailey D,Kovach M,Stasiak KL,Bennett J,McFarland CT,McMurray DN,Izzo AA,Orme IM,Basaraba RJ

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of several virulence determinants of Yersinia pestis is known to be dependent on the in vitro growth temperature. One of these, calcium dependence, is associated with the presence of a 47-megadalton plasmid. We have examined the effects of incubation temperature, calcium in the growth medium, the presen...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Darveau RP,Charnetzky WT,Hurlbert RF,Hancock RE

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Strains of Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (Corynebacterium ovis) were examined for the production of diphtheria toxin. A majority of C. ulcerans strains (25 of 37) and 1 C. pseudotuberculosis strain (1 of 14) gave a positive Elek test for diphtheria toxin, and for all strains but 1, pr...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Groman N,Schiller J,Russell J

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The target organs of infection in guinea pigs with asymptomatic acquired or congenital syphilis were identified by PCR and in some cases by rabbit infectivity test (RIT). The prevalence of Treponema pallidum DNA was examined in the following seven organs: the inguinal and mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidney,...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Wicher K,Abbruscato F,Wicher V,Baughn R,Noordhoek GT

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic biofilms have been associated with persistent infections due to their high resistance to antimicrobial agents, while commensal biofilms often fortify the host's immune system. Hence, controlling biofilm formation of both pathogenic bacteria and commensal bacteria is important in bacterium-related diseases. ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Lee JH,Regmi SC,Kim JA,Cho MH,Yun H,Lee CS,Lee J

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00