Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Vital statistics underestimate the prevalence of perinatal and infant deaths. This is particularly significant when these parameters affect eligibility for international assistance for newly emerging nations. OBJECTIVE:To determine the level of registration of livebirths, stillbirths and infant deaths in Jamaica. METHODOLOGY:Births, stillbirths and neonatal deaths identified during a cross-sectional study (1986); and infant deaths identified in six parishes (1993) were matched to vital registration documents filed with the Registrar General. RESULTS:While 94% of livebirths were registered by one year of age (1986), only 13% of stillbirths (1986) and 25% of infant deaths (1993) were registered. Post neonatal deaths were more likely to be registered than early neonatal deaths. Frequently the birth was not registered when the infant died. Birth registration rates were highest in parishes with high rates of hospital deliveries (rs = 0.97, P < 0.001) where institutions notify the registrar of each birth. Hospital deaths, however, were less likely to be registered than community deaths as registrars are not automatically notified of these deaths. CONCLUSIONS:To improve vital registration, institutions should become registration centres for all vital events occurring there (births, stillbirths, deaths). Recommendations aimed at modernizing the vital registration system in Jamaica and other developing countries are also made. :Vital statistics indicate only part of the actual prevalence of perinatal and infant mortality. Findings are reported from a study conducted to determine the level of registration of live births, stillbirths, and infant deaths in Jamaica. Births, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths identified during a 1986 cross-sectional study and infant deaths identified in six parishes during 1993 were matched to vital registration documents filed with the Registrar General. While 94% of live births were registered by one year of age, only 13% of stillbirths and 25% of infant deaths were so registered. Post neonatal deaths were more likely to be registered than early neonatal deaths. Frequently the birth was not registered when the infant died. Birth registration rates were highest in parishes with high rates of hospital deliveries where institutions notify the registrar of each birth. Hospital deaths, however, were less likely to be registered than community deaths since registrars are not automatically noticed of such deaths. Institutions should register all vital events occurring there.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
McCaw-Binns AM,Fox K,Foster-Williams KE,Ashley DE,Irons Bdoi
10.1093/ije/25.4.807subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-08-01 00:00:00pages
807-13issue
4eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The proportion of births to women of New Commonwealth origin in different Area Health Authorities (AHAs) varies widely. The influence of this varying proportion in contributing to differences in perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) between authorities is examined. Firstly, it is shown that the two main 'immigrant' groups h...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/9.3.255
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To determine the presence of interaction in epidemiologic research, typically a product term is added to the regression model. In linear regression, the regression coefficient of the product term reflects interaction as departure from additivity. However, in logistic regression it refers to interaction as de...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dym157
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extended breastfeeding is known to benefit the health of children in developing countries and despite widespread expectations of a decline in breastfeeding in these countries, it has been demonstrated that the incidence and duration of breastfeeding are in fact increasing many countries. METHODS:In this pap...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/25.1.94
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:To assess the worldwide variation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based data published to date. Methods:We reviewed Medline and Embase up to June 2015 and included all population-based studies of newly diagnosed ALS cases, us...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dyw061
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kersa HDSS was established in 12 sub-districts of Kersa district, Eastern Hararge, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The site is principally rural with two small towns (Kersa and Weter). The baseline census was conducted in 2007 and since then has been updated every 6 months, with registration of demographic and health events....
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyv284
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:So far, no randomized controlled trials with a mean mammographic screening interval of > or = 2 years has demonstrated statistically significant mortality reduction for women younger than age 50. The issue of screening frequency is vital in detection of primary breast cancer. METHODS:The study group consist...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/29.5.803
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proportional relationships of the four numbers in a 2 x 2 table can be displayed using two types of box graphs. In one approach, a 'unitary square' is first divided according to the denominator proportions of the two groups formed in a cohort or case-control study, and then re-divided according to the numerator pr...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/17.1.222
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the Seven Countries Study are analysed to examine the relationship between the observed incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in the second 5-year period of follow-up and the major entry risk factors and their changes over the first 5 years. The analysis, using the Multiple Logistic Function model, shows that ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/10.1.31
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A population-based case-control study was carried out in Mwanza Region, Tanzania, to determine the relative and population attributable risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection for developing active tuberculosis. Cases were 441 consecutively diagnosed patients with tuberculosis (all types), aged 1...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.6.1159
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality was compared in the Jewish populations of Montreal and Israel and the overall Canadian population, to investigate whether the Israeli pattern of low male mortality and relatively high female mortality is replicated among Jews living elsewhere. METHODS:In Montreal, death certificates were obtained ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/24.4.730
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Women in developing countries often continue their agricultural work during late pregnancy. Whether this adversely affects birthweight is not clear from previous studies as few controlled for confounding factors. This study seeks to clarify this issue. METHODS:This retrospective cohort study investigated 95...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/28.3.469
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prospective data from the Matlab surveillance area in rural Bangladesh, 1974-1982, were used in this study to show that divorced and never-married adults (aged 15-44 years) had significantly higher mortality than their currently married peers with differences in disability status accounting for some of this excess ris...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.3.445
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Samples of railroad male employees aged 40-59 were examined from companies operating in the northwest quadrant of the US in the late 1950s (n = 2571), and in Rome and surroundings. Italy in the early 1960s (n = 768) in an international co-operative study on cardiovascular diseases. METHODS:A number of cardi...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/ije/24.3.515
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This two-year controlled study was conducted to define the mode of transmission of hepatitis B infection in Ethiopia. Twenty-five of 500 (5%) expectant mothers were identified as HbsAg positive (Group A). A control group of 29 mothers negative for HBsAg (Group B) was randomly selected. These 54 mothers and their famil...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/17.4.874
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of orphanhood among children has been greatly exacerbated by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. If orphanhood harms a child's development and these effects perpetuate into adult life, then the African orphan crisis could seriously jeopardize the continent's future generations. Wheth...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyn197
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Western countries mortality dropped throughout the 20th century, but over and above the long-term falling trend, the death rate has oscillated over time. It has been postulated that these short-term oscillations may be related to changes in the economy. METHODS:To ascertain if these short-term oscillatio...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyi141
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hospital-based case-control study of myocardial infarction in young women conducted in Belgrade from January 1983 to December 1986 is presented. A total of 58 women with infarction, aged 30 to 50 years were compared with 174 age-matched controls. Smoking of 15 or more cigarettes per day, diabetes, hypertension, angi...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/18.3.585
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Under-5 mortality is unacceptably high in many countries, the burden of which is mainly borne by the poor. Whereas country characteristics are known to influence under-5 mortality, it is unknown whether these have a different impact on the poor and the rich. We aimed to describe how the association between u...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyi190
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is evidence that occupational factors that cause psychological strain can affect physical and mental health, but findings are not consistent. METHODS:Work satisfaction was used as a convenient global index of job-related psychological strain. Relationships with general, physical and emotional health, ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/23.1.98
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological interference among viral agents might have significant implications for disease prevention and therapy. Field data for influenza yield conflicting evidence concerning the independence of infection rates, or disease severity, for two co-circulating viruses. To examine the effects of several assumed modes of ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/19.2.444
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptic ulcer (PU) disease is the cause of substantial morbidity and mortality in a number of countries including Australia. Despite diagnostic and treatment advances, sustained mortality from PU disease has been reported. To understand this problem a birth cohort analysis using the Median Polish Technique (MPT) was pe...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.6.1085
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interrupted time series designs are a valuable quasi-experimental approach for evaluating public health interventions. Interrupted time series extends a single group pre-post comparison by using multiple time points to control for underlying trends. But history bias-confounding by unexpected events occurring at the sa...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa152
更新日期:2021-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::This article investigates the interrelationship of socioeconemic status, anthropometric status and mortality of young children in rural Bangladesh. Data for this study come from Matlab, the vital registration area of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, where anthropometric and socioec...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/23.6.1179
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The statistical power of prospective studies on diet in relation to chronic disease risk can be improved by maximizing the variation in true intake levels actually distinguished--or 'predicted'--by dietary questionnaire assessments collected at baseline. This can be achieved by 1) developing a questionnaire method tha...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/26.suppl_1.s15
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a general decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in Finland since the beginning of the 1970s. An intensified preventive programme was started in the province of North Karelia in 1972. Between 1974 and 1979 the decline in IHD mortality in North Karelian men was steeper than that in the r...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth is commonly used as a proxy for fetal growth restriction, but also includes constitutionally small infants. Genetic factors account for almost half of the risk of SGA birth. We estimated perinatal risks of SGA birth using both population-based and within-sibling analyses...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyy196
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from seven malformation monitoring systems around the world, the feasibility of monitoring fresh dominant mutations using skeletal dysplasias was explored. Based on a total of over 9.5 million births, 1500 infants with skeletal dysplasias were identified (16 per 100,000). In spite of efforts to get exact di...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.1.107
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about long-term changes linking chronic diseases and poverty in low-income countries such as Bangladesh. This study examines how chronic disease mortality rates change across socioeconomic groups over time in Bangladesh, and whether such mortality is associated with households falling into po...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyv197
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical conditions related to hormonal abnormalities were investigated in a case-control study of breast cancer among women who attended a screening centre. Information was obtained by telephone interview regarding physician-diagnosed medical conditions such as thyroid or liver diseases, diabetes, and hypertension, as...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.6.1000
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes a means of analysing the effects that the benefit of early treatment, lead time and length-biased sampling (and other forms of prognostic selection bias) have on the mortality rate of cases detected in screening programmes. Both benefit and lead time reduce the mortality rate of screen-detected ca...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/11.3.261
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00