The influence of medical conditions associated with hormones on the risk of breast cancer.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Trisomy 18 (Edwards' syndrome, T18) is the second most common trisomy in man. We describe 118 children with regular T18 who were ascertained clinically and cytogenetically in the Kuwait Medical Genetics Centre during 1980-1997. METHODS:Ascertainment of T18 cases was performed shortly after birth. Chromosoma...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Naguib KK,Al-Awadi SA,Moussa MA,Bastaki L,Gouda S,Redha MA,Mustafa F,Tayel SM,Abulhassan SA,Murthy DS

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of perinatal variables in relation to testicular cancer risk, with a specific focus upon characteristics of the son. METHODS:Literature databases Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science were searched using highly sensitive search strategies. Of 5865 refer...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cook MB,Akre O,Forman D,Madigan MP,Richiardi L,McGlynn KA

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this study is to measure the association between protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in children and their mothers' mental health, in a low income area in the city of Embú, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS:A case-control study was performed. Cases were 60 moderately and severely malnourished childr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： de Miranda CT,Turecki G,Mari Jde J,Andreoli SB,Marcolim MA,Goihman S,Puccini R,Strom BL,Berlin JA

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that the serum level of sialic acid is associated positively with mortality from coronary disease and stroke. In this study its relation with carotid atherosclerosis was evaluated. METHODS:From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 323 cases with carotid intima-me...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Råstam L,Lindberg G,Folsom AR,Burke GL,Nilsson-Ehle P,Lundblad A

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence links chronic infections, especially burden of several infections, with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We studied joint immune response against two major periodontal pathogens and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in relation to established risk factors of CVD. METHODS:Serum ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Vilkuna-Rautiainen T,Pussinen PJ,Roivainen M,Petäys T,Jousilahti P,Hovi T,Vartiainen E,Asikainen S

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carcinogenesis, at least for some types of cancer, can be interpreted as the consequence of selection of mutated cells similar to what, in the theory of evolution, occurs at the population level. Instead of considering a population of organisms, we can refer to a population of cells belonging to multicellular organism...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Vineis P,Berwick M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes a means of analysing the effects that the benefit of early treatment, lead time and length-biased sampling (and other forms of prognostic selection bias) have on the mortality rate of cases detected in screening programmes. Both benefit and lead time reduce the mortality rate of screen-detected ca...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Morrison AS

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) may affect rich and poor residents differentially. Two models are proposed. Model 1: living in a non-deprived neighbourhood is better for health because better collective material and social resources are available. Model 2: being poor (rich) relative to the neighbour...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Stafford M,Marmot M

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the most commonly used tool to detect infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We sought to determine whether tuberculin skin testing is useful to detect latent infection by M. tuberculosis in a population that was vaccinated with the Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine....

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： García-Sancho F MC,García-García L,Jiménez-Corona ME,Palacios-Martínez M,Ferreyra-Reyes LD,Canizales-Quintero S,Cano-Arellano B,Ponce-de-León A,Sifuentes-Osornio J,Small P,DeRiemer K

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While dietary patterns that are both predictive of chronic disease and mortality have been identified, the confounding effects of cardiorespiratory fitness have not been properly addressed. The primary objective was to assess the relation between dietary patterns with all-cause mortality, while controlling f...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Héroux M,Janssen I,Lam M,Lee DC,Hebert JR,Sui X,Blair SN

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cost effective use of new vaccines against pneumococcal disease in children requires detailed information about the local epidemiology of pneumococcal infections. METHODS:Data on 393 culture-confirmed cases of invasive pneumococcal infection in children (<17 years) hospitalized in Swiss paediatric clinics w...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Venetz I,Schopfer K,Mühlemann K

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the widespread use of household surveys to assess the epidemiology of illicit drug use and abuse, there is very little information about the willingness of respondents to disclose their use of drugs in household studies outside the US. METHODS:As part of a household study of substance use disorders ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Colón HM,Robles RR,Sahai H

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Spot checks are becoming a popular method to assess hygiene behaviours; however, little is known about their repeatability or predictability. We evaluated the within-household repeatability of hygiene indices created from spot checks and their ability to predict incidence of diarrhoea in young Guatemalan chi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Webb AL,Stein AD,Ramakrishnan U,Hertzberg VS,Urizar M,Martorell R

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The characteristics of 673 mothers of twins were compared to those of a matched sample of mothers of singletons. Both groups of mothers were interviewed just after delivery, and births in each group were matched for time and place. Of the characteristics studied, the use of oral contraceptives (OC) displayed a signifi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hemon D,Berger C,Lazar P

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aims to evaluate the contribution of the reduction in major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), malignant neoplasms (MN), accidents and AIDS mortality to the gains in life expectancy observed during the decade 1985-1994, as well as to calculate and compare the potential gains due to the partial or tota...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Conti S,Farchi G,Masocco M,Toccaceli V,Vichi M

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To describe the seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of Egyptian children under 3 years. METHODS:A cohort of children under 36 months, residing in Abu Homos, Egypt, were visited at home twice weekly. Information regarding the child's breastfeeding status was obtained, and period...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Naficy AB,Frenck RW,Abu-Elyazeed R,Kim Y,Rao MR,Savarino SJ,Wierzba TF,Hall E,Clemens JD

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a population-based cohort study in Southern Brazil, 87.3% of 5914 liveborn infants were followed for over 12 months. The 215 infant deaths occurring in this cohort were studied in relation to birthweight, gestational age and socioeconomic status. Causes of death were ascertained through the review of case notes and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Victora CG,Barros FC,Vaughan JP,Teixeira AM

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The study examines whether self-rated health forms a continuum from poor through average to good health in terms of two groups of health-related variables. METHODS:The data come from the 1994 Finnish Survey on Living Conditions, a representative sample of Finnish men and women aged 25 years or older (n = 72...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Manderbacka K,Lahelma E,Martikainen P

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated as a potentially important co-factor for enhanced vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In previous reports, however, methodological issues (notably small sample sizes) have limited accurate evaluation of the contri...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pappalardo BL

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM AND METHODS:To discuss evidence for and against genetic 'causes' of type 2 diabetes, illustrated by standardized study of glucose intolerance and high blood pressure in four representative African origin populations. Comparison of two genetically closer sites: rural (site 1) and urban Cameroon (2); then Jamaica (3)...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cruickshank JK,Mbanya JC,Wilks R,Balkau B,McFarlane-Anderson N,Forrester T

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparative study of the effects of combined oral contraceptives (OC) on coagulation and fibrinolytic variables using standardized laboratory technique and methodology has been performed in Dublin (Ireland), Salvador (Brazil), Santiago (Chile) and Singapore. Of 777 entrants to the study, 622 were randomly allocated ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Leck I,Thomson JM,Bocaz JA,Barja P,Bonnar J,Daly L,Carrol A,Coutinho E,Goncalves M,Tsakok M

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although cigarette smoking is considered to be the most important cause of lung cancer, smoking behaviour cannot fully explain the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Taiwanese women, who rarely smoke but contract lung cancer relatively often. There are other causes of lung cancer that have pro...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ko YC,Lee CH,Chen MJ,Huang CC,Chang WY,Lin HJ,Wang HZ,Chang PY

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most HIV infections originate from individuals who are undiagnosed and unaware of their infection. Estimation of this quantity from surveillance data is hard because there is incomplete knowledge about (i) the time between infection and diagnosis (TI) for the general population, and (ii) the time between imm...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Giardina F,Romero-Severson EO,Axelsson M,Svedhem V,Leitner T,Britton T,Albert J

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retrospective and prospective demographic and health data collected on the population of Mlomp (6352 people in 1985), a rural area of Senegal, show that the probability of dying before the age of 5 years declined from 350 to 81 deaths per hundred livebirths in the last 25 years. This decline is greater and faster than...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pison G,Trape JF,Lefebvre M,Enel C

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The statistical power of prospective studies on diet in relation to chronic disease risk can be improved by maximizing the variation in true intake levels actually distinguished--or 'predicted'--by dietary questionnaire assessments collected at baseline. This can be achieved by 1) developing a questionnaire method tha...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kaaks R,Riboli E

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We assessed the differential and sequential effects of a Government of India conditional cash transfer scheme for the socio-economically disadvantaged (Janani Suraksha Yojana; JSY) and the strengthening of the primary health centre (PHC) network to provide 24/7 obstetric care in promoting institutional deliv...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Amudhan S,Mani K,Rai SK,Pandav CS,Krishnan A

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The increased odds of stomach cancer among subjects with blood type A have been reported in epidemiological studies. AIM:To study the relation of family history of gastric cancer and ABO blood type with precancerous gastric lesions in a high-risk area for stomach cancer. Subjects and setting We examined 340...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： You WC,Ma JL,Liu W,Gail MH,Chang YS,Zhang L,Hu YR,Fraumeni JF Jr,Xu GW

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The presence of Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV8) DNA is predictive of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) among patients with HIV-associated or iatrogenic immunosuppression. However, correlates of HHV8-DNA detection in the general population remain undefined. METHODS:We assessed correlates of HHV8-DNA detection among Italian adu...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Brown EE,Whitby D,Vitale F,Fei PC,Del Carpio C,Marshall V,Alberg AJ,Serraino D,Messina A,Gafa L,Goedert JJ

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the role of unmeasured familial confounding for this association remains unclear. METHODS:We conducted a population-based cohort study via linkage of Swe...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen Q,Sjölander A,Långström N,Rodriguez A,Serlachius E,D'Onofrio BM,Lichtenstein P,Larsson H

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social inequities and their relation to health form a topic of growing concern in the Netherlands. The present investigation on educational level and mortality was carried out in a cohort of men born in 1932, examined for military service in 1950/1951 and for whom vital statistics could be obtained. In the group of 78...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Doornbos G,Kromhout D

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00