当前位置： SCI文献检索 > INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY期刊下所有文献 > HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for the development of tuberculosis: a case-control study in Tanzania.

HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for the development of tuberculosis: a case-control study in Tanzania.

Abstract：

:A population-based case-control study was carried out in Mwanza Region, Tanzania, to determine the relative and population attributable risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection for developing active tuberculosis. Cases were 441 consecutively diagnosed patients with tuberculosis (all types), aged 15-54 years. Controls were a representative population sample of 4161 people, drawn in a stratified cluster sample from urban areas, roadside settlements, and rural villages. HIV-1 infection was determined by ELISA and if the ELISA result was indeterminate by Western Blot. The HIV-1 prevalence in cases was 23.0% in rural, 32.1% in roadside, and 54.1% in urban areas, while in controls these prevalences were 3.4%, 7.2% and 12.1% respectively. The relative risk (RR) of HIV-1 infection for the development of active tuberculosis was estimated to be 8.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.4-11.0). This risk varied little by sex or residence, but appeared to be more pronounced in the age group 25-34 years. The case detection rate of tuberculosis in those aged 15-54 years was 125/100,000 people per year. The population attributable risk was 36/100,000 people per year, implying that 29% of tuberculosis cases at present may be attributable to HIV-1 infection. It is concluded that HIV-1 infection is a major contributing factor to the increased case detection rate of tuberculosis observed over the past 10 years in Mwanza Region. If the prevalence of HIV-1 continues to increase, the incidence of tuberculosis will continue to rise as well.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) :This population-based case-control study in Mwanza Region of Tanzania determined the relative and population-attributable risk of HIV-1 infection for developing active tuberculosis (TB). 441 TB patients aged 15-54 years were considered as cases. 4161 controls constituting a representative population sample were drawn in a stratified cluster sample from urban areas, roadside settlements, and rural villages. HIV-1 was identified among 23.0% of cases in rural, 32.1% in roadside, and 54.1% in urban areas. HIV-1 prevalences among controls were 3.4%, 7.2%, and 12.1%, respectively. The relative risk of HIV infection for the development of active tuberculosis is estimated to be 8.3 with little variation by sex or residence. Risk did, however, seem to be more evident in the age group of 25.34 years. The case detection rate of TB among individuals aged 15-54 years was 125/100,000 people per year. Further, the population-attributable risk was found to be 36/100,000 people per year; this implies that 29% of current TB cases may be attributable to HIV-1 infection. The authors conclude that HIV-1 infection is a major contributing factor to the increased case detection rate of TB observed over the past 10 years in Mwanza Region and that the incidence of TB should continue to increase along with that for HIV-1. Efforts should therefore be made to maintain a high cure rate for TB in the interest of preventing an increased risk of TB infection among HIV-1 infected and uninfected people.

journal_name

Int J Epidemiol

journal_title

International journal of epidemiology

authors

Van den Broek J,Borgdorff MW,Pakker NG,Chum HJ,Klokke AH,Senkoro KP,Newell JN

doi

10.1093/ije/22.6.1159

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1159-65

issue

eissn

0300-5771

issn

1464-3685

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章

在线工具

HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for the development of tuberculosis: a case-control study in Tanzania.