HDSS Profile: The Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System.

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the absence of planned efforts to target the poor, child survival programs often favour the rich. Further evidence is needed urgently about which interventions and programme approaches are most effective in addressing inequities. The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) is available and can be used to model mortality ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Amouzou A,Richard SA,Friberg IK,Bryce J,Baqui AH,El Arifeen S,Walker N

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite positive changes in most maternal risk factors in Brazil, previous studies did not show reductions in preterm birth and low birthweight. We analysed trends and inequalities in these outcomes over a 33-year period in a Brazilian city. METHODS:Four population-based birth cohort studies were carried ou...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Silveira MF,Victora CG,Horta BL,da Silva BGC,Matijasevich A,Barros FC,Pelotas Cohorts Study Group.

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors studied how the introduction of several modifications to a basic food frequency questionnaire can influence the results of dietary surveys. Modifications covered eight combinations based on three levels: increasing versus decreasing order of frequency categories; questionnaires without versus with question...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kuskowska-Wolk A,Holte S,Ohlander EM,Bruce A,Holmberg L,Adami HO,Bergstrom R

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:We studied associations of number of daily cigarettes in the first trimester with placental weight and birthweight in women who smoked throughout pregnancy, and in women who stopped smoking after the first trimester. Methods:We included all women with delivery of a singleton in Norway (n = 698 891) during 1...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Larsen S,Haavaldsen C,Bjelland EK,Dypvik J,Jukic AM,Eskild A

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Operational research (OR) analysis provides information and systems to support decision making. In health care there are examples of OR being used to support decisions surrounding both the organization of health services and the treatment of individual patients. However, its uptake is currently low in spite of the inc...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Beech R

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Data from several studies indicate that children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy may be at a risk of overweight compared with children of non-smoking mothers. The size of this relation, however, is unclear, as is the age at which it becomes detectable. METHODS:Prospective data for 34 866 children enr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen A,Pennell ML,Klebanoff MA,Rogan WJ,Longnecker MP

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The genetic basis of several familial cancers including breast and colon cancers has been identified recently. The occurrence of multiple cancers in one individual is also suggestive of a genetic predisposition. To evaluate inherited predisposition in pancreatic cancer we compared the clinical data of pancre...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gerdes B,Ziegler A,Ramaswamy A,Wild A,Langer P,Bartsch DK

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:If several risk factors for disease are considered in a regression model and these factors are affected by measurement errors, the observed relative risk will be attenuated. In nutritional epidemiology, several nutrient variables show strong correlation, described as collinearity. The observed relative risk ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Elmståhl S,Gullberg B

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cirrhosis mortality death rates in Ontario for ages 20 and over declined from a high of 9.3 per 100,000 in 1911 to a low of 5.6 per 100,000 in 1919 (p less than 0.001) and after a 17-year period of relative stability, rose steadily to a high of 19.7 per 100,000 in 1975 (p less than 0.0001) and then declined to 13.3 pe...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Halliday ML,Coates RA,Rankin JG

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a general decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in Finland since the beginning of the 1970s. An intensified preventive programme was started in the province of North Karelia in 1972. Between 1974 and 1979 the decline in IHD mortality in North Karelian men was steeper than that in the r...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tuomilehto J,Puska P,Korhonen H,Mustaniemi H,Vartiainen E,Nissinen A,Kuulasmaa K,Niemensivu H,Salonen JT

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Smoking increases the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix, but it is not clear whether smoking increases the risk of acquisition or persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. METHODS:Information on smoking was collected from 10 areas in four continents among population-based, age-stratif...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Vaccarella S,Herrero R,Snijders PJ,Dai M,Thomas JO,Hieu NT,Ferreccio C,Matos E,Posso H,de Sanjosé S,Shin HR,Sukvirach S,Lazcano-Ponce E,Muñoz N,Meijer CJ,Franceschi S,IARC HPV Prevalence Surveys (IHPS) Study Group.

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major aetiologies of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases begin in childhood and atherosclerotic vascular abnormalities can be observed among children and adolescents. Adolescent cohort studies have important advantages because they can observe earlier changes in vascular structure and function. The purpose of the ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Choi DP,Lee JY,Kim HC

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are certain health risks associated with recreational exposure to bacteriologically polluted water. In this study, 27% (21/77) of swimmers who took part in a snorkel swimming event, experienced gastrointestinal symptoms within 48 hours of entering the untreated water. The incidence of these symptoms was statisti...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Philipp R,Evans EJ,Hughes AO,Grisdale SK,Enticott RG,Jephcott AE

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A random population sample from Eastern Finland was studied. Altogether approximately 12 000 persons aged 25 to 59 years were examined with participation rate of 92%. Smoking, high saturated fat diet, increased serum cholesterol and elevated blood pressure showed clustering among men but not among women. Smoking tende...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Salonen JT,Puska P,Kottke TE,Heinonen OP

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selection bias remains a more difficult bias to understand than confounding or measurement error. Past definitions have not always been illuminating and a simple method (such as the change-in-estimate method for confounding) has not been available to determine its presence and magnitude in the study sample. A better u...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Infante-Rivard C,Cusson A

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：MOTIVATION:RVPedigree (Rare Variant association tests in Pedigrees) implements a suite of programs facilitating genome-wide analysis of association between a quantitative trait and autosomal region-based genetic variation. The main features here are the ability to appropriately test for association of rare variants wit...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Oualkacha K,Lakhal-Chaieb L,Greenwood CM

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many European countries have in recent decades reported growing socioeconomic differentials in mortality. While these trends have usually paralleled high unemployment and increasing income disparities, Sweden had low unemployment and narrowing income differences. This study describes trends, 1961-1990, in to...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Diderichsen F,Hallqvist J

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:International rankings of infant mortality rates have been consistently lower for the US than other industrialized countries, and this ranking has been falling. This study examines the influence of birth registrations among very low birthweight infants on these international rankings. METHODS:Birth rates of...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sepkowitz S

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In September 1665, an outbreak of plague occurred in Eyam, a small village 10 miles west of Sheffield, in an isolated valley of Derbyshire. Eighty per cent of the population died during the 14 months of the epidemic, a greater proportion than any other community in England. When plague threatened to cause panic and de...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Coleman MP

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the widespread use of household surveys to assess the epidemiology of illicit drug use and abuse, there is very little information about the willingness of respondents to disclose their use of drugs in household studies outside the US. METHODS:As part of a household study of substance use disorders ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Colón HM,Robles RR,Sahai H

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report gives the results of a health interview survey using a recall interval of one month, in Rural Cameroon carried out between 5 November 1973 and 7 March 1974 on a random selection of 1886 families with 9362 individuals. The disease prevalence in the study area (a positive illness rate of 27.8 percent for a f...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Nchinda TC

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is widely believed that children of high socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely than those of low SES to develop acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Such observations have led to wide-ranging speculations about the potential aetiological role of factors associated with affluence and modernization. M...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Smith A,Roman E,Simpson J,Ansell P,Fear NT,Eden T

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mortality among male employees was studied in a chromium chemical production plant, part of which was rebuilt in 1950-51 and the remainder in 1960, to reduce exposure to chromium bearing dusts. Of 2 101 employees initially employed between 1945 and 1974 and having worked at least 90 days, the vital status of 88% was a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hayes RB,Lilienfeld AM,Snell LM

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epigenetic programming and epigenetic mechanisms driven by environmental factors are thought to play an important role in human health and ageing. Global DNA methylation has been postulated as an epigenetic marker for epidemiological studies as it is reflective of changes in gene expression linked to disease...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： McGuinness D,McGlynn LM,Johnson PC,MacIntyre A,Batty GD,Burns H,Cavanagh J,Deans KA,Ford I,McConnachie A,McGinty A,McLean JS,Millar K,Packard CJ,Sattar NA,Tannahill C,Velupillai YN,Shiels PG

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 10-year prospective study of Hawaii Japanese males with partial gastrectomy shows that the age-adjusted mortality rates in men with partial gastrectomy were slightly higher than in those with an intact stomach, but the difference failed to achieve statistical significance. This excess of mortality is due, in part, t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Stemmermann GN,Heilbrun L,Nomura A,Rhoads GG,Glober GA

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the influence of paternal smoking on birth defects is of great public interest, epidemiological evidence concerning this potential relationship is extremely limited. A stratified random sample of 29 hospitals in the Shanghai Municipality, China, was used to select 1012 birth defects cases and controls. Mother...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang J,Savitz DA,Schwingl PJ,Cai WW

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Olive oil is the main source of dietary lipids in most Mediterranean countries where mortality and incidence rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) are the lowest in Europe. Although international comparisons and mechanistic reasons support the hypothesis that a high olive oil intake may prevent CHD, limited...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Fernández-Jarne E,Martínez-Losa E,Prado-Santamaría M,Brugarolas-Brufau C,Serrano-Martínez M,Martínez-González MA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiology's role as the 'diagnostic' arm of public health has submitted epidemiological reasoning and practice to the crossfire of oppositional social values and demands. In Latin America, the visible signs of extreme social and political authoritarianism and inequity, as well as the growing unfairness of...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Breilh J

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although several public health organizations have recommended population-wide reduction in salt intake, the evidence on the population benefits remains unclear. We conducted a metaknowledge analysis of the literature on salt intake and health outcomes. METHODS:We identified reports--primary studies, systema...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Trinquart L,Johns DM,Galea S

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The excess risk of fatal and non-fatal cerebrovascular disease in people from low socioeconomic positions is only partially explained by conventional cerebrovascular risk factors. This has led to the suggestion that poor psychosocial work environments provide important additional explanatory power. However, ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kivimäki M,Gimeno D,Ferrie JE,Batty GD,Oksanen T,Jokela M,Virtanen M,Salo P,Akbaraly TN,Elovainio M,Pentti J,Vahtera J

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00